scholarly journals Doctor Retention in Ireland - Where Are the Failings That Prolong the Problem? Comment on "Doctor Retention: A Cross-sectional Study of How Ireland Has Been Losing the Battle"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozie Offiah ◽  
Frank Murray ◽  
Consilia Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Current System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Workforce ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Service Executive ◽  
Positive Effects

The issue of doctor retention has been a challenge in Ireland for many years. Poor working conditions including poor supervision, cost of training, bullying, worsening mentoring experiences and speciality specific issues are a substantial challenge faced by doctors in Ireland, thus leading to a higher degree of emigration. While some changes have been introduced to the system and have some positive effects, the root causes of doctor emigration have not been addressed. This commentary reviews the publication by Brugha et al published in the IJHPM in April 2020 on "Doctor Retention: A Cross-sectional Study of How Ireland Has Been Losing the Battle" and explains why the current system needs to change for the benefit of patient safety, doctor well-being and better patient care. Ireland’s Health Service Executive intends to take steps towards developing a new model of medical workforce to address the issue of recruitment and retention challenges within the healthcare system.

scholarly journals Mental Well-Being of Students of Pedagogy at Ho Chi Minh City: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Son Van Huynh ◽  
Thien-Thu Truong-Thi ◽  
Nhu-Thuyen Dang-Thi ◽  
Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Level

Introduction: The well-being of students refers to the psychological, cognitive, and social functioning of the life of students. The Vietnamese undergraduate students are under a great deal of burden and pressure, that makes examining their well-being more necessary than ever. Aim: To examine the Vietnamese Pedagogy students' well-being. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from April 2018 to September 2018, on Four hundred and seventy-six students (128 males and 348 females) at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Education on completed paper-based questionnaires that included demographic items. Our research utilised the Mental Health Continuum Short Form in Vietnamese, which surveyed Vietnamese pedagogy undergraduates. The scale was developed with an aim of creating a brief self-rating assessment tool which accesses three components of well-being: emotional, social, and psychological. The emotional well-being subscale including 3 items is defined as positive effects/satisfaction with life. Social well-being includes social contribution, social integration, social actualisation, social acceptance, and social coherence. Finally, six items represent psychological well-being: self-acceptance, environmental mastery, positive relations with others, personal growth, autonomy, and purpose in life. To achieve this goal, descriptive statistics were used for describing the sample statistics and conclusion. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 was used for data analysis. Frequency, percentage, mean score, and standard deviation were used to analyse descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A convenience sample of 476 (response rate of 600 questionnaires distributed at 79.3%) Vietnamese students from the Ho Chi Minh City University of Education was studied which included 128 males (26.9%) and 348 females (73.1%). The majority of the participants (78.6%; n=372) were born in Ho Chi Minh City, and 21.4% (n=102) were born in other provinces of Vietnam. Regarding their academic year, 50.4% (n=240), 18.9% (n=90), 13.2% (n=63) and 17.5% (n=83) were respectively represents, sophomore, junior, and senior, respectively. The results indicated that Vietnamese Pedagogy students had a high level of psychological well-being (M=2.99, SD=1.12) and emotional well-being (M=2.96, SD=1.26), while their social well-being (M=2.40, SD=1.12) was medium. Conclusion: Pedagogy students in Vietnam had a high level of psychological well-being, emotional well-being, and medium level of social well-being. All results obtained after this research are indispensable to understand the pedagogy undergraduates’ well-being. This research was conducted with the notion that it would act as a stimulant in extending related work to improve pedagogy students' well-being.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

scholarly journals Attitudes of pharmacy students towards patient safety: a cross-sectional study from six developing countries

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039459
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y Naser ◽  
Zahra Khalil Alsairafi ◽  
Ahmed Awaisu ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Oriana Awwad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo evaluate the attitudes of undergraduate pharmacy students towards patient safety in six developing countries.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingParticipants were enrolled from the participating universities in six countries.ParticipantsUndergraduate pharmacy students from the participating universities in six developing countries (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, India and Indonesia) were invited to participate in the study between October 2018 and September 2019.Primary outcomeAttitudes towards patient safety was measured using 14-item questionnaire that contained five subscales: being quality-improvement focused, internalising errors regardless of harm, value of contextual learning, acceptability of questioning more senior healthcare professionals’ behaviour and attitude towards open disclosure. Multiple-linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of positive attitudes towards patient safety.ResultsA total of 2595 students participated in this study (1044 from Jordan, 514 from Saudi Arabia, 134 from Kuwait, 61 from Qatar, 416 from India and 429 from Indonesia). Overall, the pharmacy students reported a positive attitude towards patient safety with a mean score of 37.4 (SD=7.0) out of 56 (66.8%). The ‘being quality-improvement focused’ subscale had the highest score, 75.6%. The subscale with the lowest score was ‘internalising errors regardless of harm’, 49.2%. Female students had significantly better attitudes towards patient safety scores compared with male students (p=0.001). Being at a higher level of study and involvement in or witnessing harm to patients while practising were important predictors of negative attitudes towards patient safety (p<0.001).ConclusionPatient safety content should be covered comprehensively in pharmacy curricula and reinforced in each year of study. This should be more focused on students in their final year of study and who have started their training. This will ensure that the next generation of pharmacists are equipped with the requisite knowledge, core competencies and attitudes to ensure optimal patient safety when they practice.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a Japanese version of the Patient Centred Assessment Method and its user guide: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037282
Author(s):  
Rieko Mutai ◽  
Yoshifumi Sugiyama ◽  
Shuhei Yoshida ◽  
Ryoko Horiguchi ◽  
Takamasa Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Patient Complexity

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Patient Centred Assessment Method (PCAM) and its user guide. The secondary objective was to examine the validity and reliability in the primary care setting.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThree family physician teaching clinics located in urban residential areas in Tokyo, Japan.ParticipantsPatients who were aged 20 years or older, and who had an appointment with physicians at the three participating clinics.Main outcome measuresPatient complexity measured by PCAM and complexity/burden level measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).ResultsAlthough confirmatory factor analysis using a model described in a previous study revealed that the indices did not meet the criteria for good fit, exploratory factor analysis revealed a new three-factor structure of ‘Personal well-being,’ ‘Social interaction’ and ‘Needs for care/service.’ Cronbach’s alpha of PCAM was 0.86. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between PCAM scores and VAS scores were 0.51 for complexity (p<0.001) and 0.41 for burden (p<0.001). There were 42 patients (14.3% of total patients) with PCAM scores greater than its mean of 16.5 but with complexity VAS scores less than its mean of 20.8.ConclusionsThe Japanese version of PCAM and its user guide were developed through Japanese translation and cultural adaptation by cognitive debriefing. PCAM is a valid and reliable tool to assess patient complexity in the primary care settings in Japan. Additionally, although the correlation between total PCAM scores and complexity/burden as assessed by VAS was moderate, PCAM can more precisely identify patient complexity than skilled physician’s intuition.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

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