The predictive value of serum klotho in diabetes mellitus and hypertension

Introduction: Klotho allele status is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and hypertension. Objectives: To determine if serum klotho level was lower among diabetic and hypertensive patients compared to control group. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 90 participants. Thirty pure diabetic patients and 30 participants with pure hypertension were compared with the healthy control group. Multiple logistic regressions were used to examine the association between serum klotho and diabetes and hypertension. We also tested the cut off point of serum klotho to predict hypertension and diabetes by using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve. Results: The level of serum klotho was significantly lower in diabetic and hypertensive patients. Participants with higher klotho were less likely to have diabetes and hypertension [OR: 0.48, 95% CI (0.22-0.81)] even after adjustment for covariates. ROC curve for diabetes and hypertension indicated 0.8 area under the curve which was statistically significant. Conclusion: This study found that serum klotho was associated with lower odds of diabetes and hypertension. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

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Cortisol secretion pattern in overweight/obese and normal-weight infants: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 241-246

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Resende Camargos ◽

Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo ◽

Sueli Ferreira da Fonseca ◽

Mariana Aguiar de Matos ◽

Katherine Simone Caires Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Cortisol Secretion ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Cortisol Levels

AbstractBackgroundThe salivary circadian diurnal cortisol plays an important role in growth and development. Inappropriate levels may induce changes associated with an increased risk of obesity later in life. It is unknown if there are differences in cortisol secretion pattern between overweight/obese infants when compared with theirs peers in infancy. Thus, this study aimed to compare the salivary cortisol secretion pattern in overweight/obese and normal-weight infants.MethodsThirty-three (overweight/obese = 17 and normal weight = 16) infants between 6 and 24 months of age had saliva samples collected upon awakening (T1), 30 min after waking (T2), at 12:00 am or before the baby’s meal (T3), and prior to bedtime (T4). Highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays were used for cortisol analyses.ResultsSalivary cortisol levels were similar between the groups: T1 (p = 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −5.65, 1.37), T2 (p = 0.24; 95% CI: −8.23, 2.17), T3 (p = 0.95; 95% CI: −3.16, 2.96), and T4 (p = 0.81; 95% CI: −1.39, 1.08); and no differences were observed between area under the curve (AUC) (p = 0.80; 95% CI: −4.58–13.66). The cortisol level reduced in T4 (95% CI: 1.35–2.96) compared to T1 (95% CI: 5.15–8.49) and T2 in the overweight/obese group (p < 0.001; 95% CI: 6.02–11.04). In the normal-weight group, the cortisol reduced in T3 (95% CI: 2.86–8.18) compared to T1 (95% CI: 5.64–12.28) and decreased until T4 (p = 0.001; 95% CI: 1.25–3.37).ConclusionsThe overweight/obese infant group presented a different pattern of cortisol secretion, although cortisol levels did not differ between the control group.

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Comparison of ox-LDL Levels in Diabetic Patients with Normo-, Micro-, and Macroalbuminuria with Their First Degree Relatives and the Healthy Control Group

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2012/167154 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Parisa Behzadi ◽

Firouzeh Torabi ◽

Massoud Amini ◽

Ashraf Aminorroaya

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Degree Relatives ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Healthy Control ◽

And Control

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is a product of oxidative stress. In this cross-sectional study, we compared the ox-LDL concentrations in diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (n=28), microalbuminuria (n=28), and macroalbuminuria (n=28) with their first degree relatives (n=28) and healthy control people (n=31). They were selected by consecutive patient selection method. The ox-LDL level was assayed using ELISA. We measured blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HbA1c in all groups. There was no significant difference in ox-LDL concentrations among normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric, and macroalbuminuric diabetic groups. In diabetic patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria, ox-LDL concentration was higher than their first degree relatives (P=0.04andP=0.03) and control group (P=0.001andP=0.03, resp.). In normoalbuminuric diabetic persons, ox-LDL concentration was just higher than that of healthy people (P=0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in ox-LDL levels between normoalbuminuric diabetic patients and their first degree relatives. In conclusion, the presence and progression of albuminuria in diabetic patients are not related to ox-LDL concentration and genetic predisposition influences the plasma OX-LDL level. Larger sample size is needed to confirm this conclusion in future studies.

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Sarcopenia in diabetic nephropathy: a cross-sectional study

Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.2478/rjim-2018-0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 102-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Meral Çeliker ◽

Mustafa Yavuz Selçuk ◽

Serdar Olt

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hand Grip ◽

European Working ◽

Healthy Control

Abstract Objective. To investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and diabetic nephropathy. Methods. 56 diabetic patients without complications, 50 diabetic patients with nephropathy, 53 healthy controls included in this present study. Demographic characteristics such as sex, age, anthropometric measurements such as weight, body mass index [BMI], hip circumference, waist circumference and upper arm circumference were measured. Sarcopenia diagnosis was based on European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [EWGSOP] criteria which consist of hand grip strength, 6-meter walking test and muscle mass. Results. The frequency of sarcopenia increased gradually from 15.1% in healthy control group to 21.4% in the diabetes group, and 34% in diabetic nephropathy group (X2 for trend, p = 0.029). The frequency of sarcopenia was similar in diabetes and diabetic nephropathy group. However, the frequency of sarcopenia was higher in diabetic nephropathy than healthy controls (OR = 2.89, CI [1.11-7.51] in logistic regression). Conclusion: In the present study, the prevalence of sarcopenia was higher in patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to healthy controls.

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Olfactory alterations in patients with multiple sclerosis

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20160128 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 74 (9) ◽

pp. 697-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sergio Semeraro Jordy ◽

Alberto Starzewski Junior ◽

Felipe André Basso Macedo ◽

Gabriela Reginatto Manica ◽

Charles Peter Tilbery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Disability Status ◽

Healthy Control

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study involves 100 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 100 non-MS patients, under the age of 60 years old, with nasal obstruction, traumatic brain injury, previous rhinoplasty or neurosurgery, and so forth. Objective To assess olfactory function using the Connecticut test and verify correlations between olfactory alteration, disease duration and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Methods One hundred MS patients and 100 healthy control patients responded to a questionnaire. Those with olfactory alteration underwent a facial CT to exclude other causes. Results Thirty-two percent of patients showed alterations, compared with 3% in the healthy control group. Patients having EDSS above 4, showed a 5.2-times increased risk of dysfunction. Patients over 38 years of age have a 2.2-times increased risk over younger patients. Conclusions Because MS patients are likely to experience olfactory alterations, this study is a useful tool in follow-up care, although more studies are necessary to evaluate the correlations in MS evolution.

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Infrared thermography assessment of patients with temporomandibular disorders

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology ◽

10.1259/dmfr.20190392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 20190392

Author(s):

JS Barbosa ◽

AMAM Amorim ◽

MJALLA Arruda ◽

GBS Medeiros ◽

APLF Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Thermography ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Mean Temperature ◽

Parametric Data

Objectives: To assess patients with and without temporomandibular disorders (TMD) infrared thermography according to the differences in thermal radiance using quantitative sensitivity and specificity tests; and to evaluate the thermal asymmetry and the correlation of the thermal intensity with the intensity of pain upon palpation. Methods: This cross-sectional study performed a quantitative evaluation of clinical and thermographic examinations. The volunteers were evaluated for the presence of TMD using RDC/TMD (Diagnostic Research Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders), and were divided into two groups: TMD group (n = 45); control group (n = 41), composed of volunteers without TMD, according to the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. The images were assessed for selected regions of interest for the masseter, anterior temporal and TMJ muscles. The mean values of the areas of both groups were compared under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Spearman correlation analysis (non-parametric data) between pain level and mean temperature, by region, and the Pearson's χ2 test was used to verify the association between the presence of temperature and pain asymmetry. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Both Groups, with and without TMD, presented with absolute and non-dimensional mean temperature without statistical differences (p>0.05). When correlating temperature with intensity of pain upon palpation, a negative correlation was observed for the masseter muscle. Conclusion: Infrared Thermography resulted in low area under the curve, making it difficult to differentiate TMD via thermographic analysis. The intensity of pain upon palpation in patients with TMD may be accompanied by a decrease in local temperature.

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Validation of the SavvyCheckTM Vaginal Yeast Test for Screening Pregnant Women for Vulvovaginal Candidosis: A Prospective, Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7030233 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Philipp Foessleitner ◽

Herbert Kiss ◽

Julia Deinsberger ◽

Julia Ott ◽

Lorenz Zierhut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Gram Stain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Point Of Care Test ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidosis

Pregnant women have an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidosis. Recurrent candidosis is under debate as a contributor to preterm birth, and vertical transmission may cause diaper dermatitis and oral thrush in the newborn. Apart from cultural methods, the gold standard for diagnosing candidosis is Gram staining, which is time-consuming and requires laboratory facilities. The objective of this prospective study was to validate a point-of-care vaginal yeast detection assay (SavvyCheckÔ Vaginal Yeast Test) and to evaluate it in asymptomatic pregnant women. We enrolled 200 participants, 100 of whom had vulvovaginal candidosis according to Gram stain (study group) and 100 were healthy pregnant controls (control group). Of these, 22 participants (11%) had invalid test results. The point-of-care test of the remaining 85 and 93 study participants in the study and control groups, respectively, showed a sensitivity of 94.1%, specificity of 98.9%, positive predictive value of 90.3%, and negative predictive value of 99.4% when compared with Gram stain. In conclusion, we found a high correlation between the SavvyCheckÔ Vaginal Yeast Test and Gram-stained smears during pregnancy. This suggests a potential role of this point-of-care test as a screening tool for asymptomatic pregnant women in early gestation.

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Usage of diuretics among diabetic-hypertensive patients

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10582 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

Rajeshwari Shastry ◽

M.R. Prabha Adhikari ◽

Sheetal D. Ullal ◽

Shashidhar Kotian

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Control ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Vascular Complications ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drug Combinations ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aggressive Approach ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Treatment Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is more common in diabetics than in non-diabetic patients. An aggressive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in patients with diabetes is required in order to substantially reduce the incidence of both macro-vascular and micro-vascular complications. The role of diuretics in the treatment of hypertension as first line or second line drugs is a provoking debate, hence we studied the usage of diuretics and their effects on BP and glycemic control among diabetic-hypertensive patients.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients’ details such as age, gender, height, weight, comorbid diseases, blood pressure, eGFR along with duration of diabetes and hypertension and drugs prescribed for hypertension were noted. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 336 diabetic-hypertensiveswith a mean age of 64.55±9.51 years were included. Fortyfive patients were on diuretics,two (4.4%) of whom were on diuretic monotherapy, 16 (35.6%) on two drug combinations (Diuretic + ACEI or ARB), 21 (46.7%) on three drug combinations (diuretics + ARB & BBs or diuretic + ACEI & BB or diuretic + ARB &CCB) and six (13.3%) were on four drug combinations (diuretics + ARB, CCB & BB). Among the patients on diuretic combination therapy BP was well controlled in 23 (51%) patients and the glycemic control was comparable to those not on diuretics.Conclusion: In the present study the usage of diuretics was consistent with the guidelines. About 13% of diabetic-hypertensive patients were on diuretic treatment. The control of BP in patients on diuretics was not satisfactory, but there was no worsening of glycemic control compared to other antihypertensive therapy. This shows that low dose thiazides in combination with other antihypertensives can be safe in diabetic-hypertensive patients however their efficacy needs further scrutiny. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10582Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 15-18

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Tear electrolyte assessment of diabetic patients in Southern Nigeria

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v19i4.5 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 2839-2845

Author(s):

Juno Okukpon ◽

Oziegbe Okukpon

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Glass Capillary ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

The University

Background: Tears are a critical body extracellular fluid coating the surface epithelial cells of the cornea and conjunctiva, and providing the optically smooth surface necessary for refraction of light onto the retina. The biological and chemical properties of tears change in response to systemic disease.Objectives: This study assessed the concentration of calcium, magnesium and phosphate levels in tears of diabetics.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving twenty diabetics visiting Department for Health Services, University of Benin and forty non-diabetics within the University between 35 to 65 years participated in the study. Calcium, magnesium and phosphorous were analysed in tears sample collected with 75mm glass capillary tubes.Results: The fasting blood sugar (FBS) and age of diabetic patients was 7.48±1.88mmol/l and 56.75±5.82years and non-diabetics was 4.83±0.52mmol/l and 53.58±6.16years respectively. Magnesium showed no differences (P<0.05) between diabetics (0.76±0.45mmol/l) and non-diabetics (0.93±0.59mmol/l). Calcium was elevated (P=0.041) and phosphate (P=0.044) was decreased in diabetics (3.14±1.65mmol/l and 0.074±0.058mmol/l) than non-diabetics (2.41±1.05mmol/l and 0.11±0.081mmol/l).Conclusion: This study concluded that being diabetic can affect the levels of some tear electrolytes in the tear fluid which may lead to an increased risk of diabetic ocular complications.Keywords: Tears, diabetics, mag nesium, calcium, phosphorus.

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Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in Aquaporin-4 Negative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences ◽

10.32598/cjns.7.24.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Vahid Shaygannejad ◽

◽

Mahdi Barzegar ◽

Navid Manouchehri ◽

Nafiseh Esmaeil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuromyelitis Optica ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Aquaporin 4 ◽

University Hospital ◽

Control Group ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Control

Background: The absence of Aquaporin-4 Antibody (AQP4-Ab) in a fraction of the Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) patients has led to a search for other serologic markers. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is a protein component of the myelin sheets encapsulating the neural fibers. Objectives: We aimed to compare the presence and levels of anti-MOG (Ig-G) in a group of seronegative NMOSD patients with a healthy control group. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 NMOSD patients with negative AQP-Ab status, who were referred to the Neurology Clinic of Kashani University Hospital in Isfahan City, Iran, from March 2015 to March 2016, and 26 healthy controls were consecutively recruited. Their baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. Serum anti-MOG levels were measured in both groups. The obtained data were analyzed using the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U, and Chisquare test in SPSS V. 18. Results: The anti-MOG test results were statistically higher in patients (n=12, 37.5%) compared to controls (n=0, 0%) (P<0.0001). The level of anti-MOG in Healthy Control (HC) was higher compared to patients with negative anti-MOG (P<0.0001) and was lower than patients with positive anti-MOG (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Our study showed that nearly one-third of seronegative NMOSD patients were positive for MOG-Ab. Further studies are needed to assess the characteristics and outcome of these patients.

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ASSOCIATION OF SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVEL WITH RESISTANT HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN DIABETIC AND HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

10.36106/7335960 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 33-35

Author(s):

Manish Kumar ◽

Syed Yousuf Faisal ◽

Sudhir Chandra Jha ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnesium Level ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Magnesium Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipid Lowering Agents

Introduction: Both diabetes mellitus and hypertension are aspects of metabolic syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum magnesium level with resistant hyperlipidemia in a group of diabetic and hypertensive patients. Patients And Methods: The present cross- sectional study was carried out on 90 hypertensive and diabetic patients in Medicine Department of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar, (45 hypertensive and 45 diabetic patients). Included patients had high triglyceride levels despite 8 weeks of treatment with lipid-lowering agents. Results: There was an inverse signicant relationship between serum magnesium and triglyceride levels in diabetic patients (P=0.002, r=-0.458), however, this correlation was not signicant in hypertensive patients (P=0.754, r=0.048). Conclusion: This study showed, serum magnesium may affect triglycerides levels in diabetic patients, however, our nding requires further investigation with larger population

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