Study of respiratory allergens and associated factors in patients with allergic rhinitis referring to Imam Ali clinic in Shahrekord

Background and aims: Respiratory allergens cause several problems for people with allergic rhinitis and are considered as a global challenge. This disease is an IgE-mediated nasal inflammatory disease that is triggered by the contact of the allergen. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate respiratory allergens and associated factors in patients with allergic rhinitis who referred to a clinic in Shahrekord located in the southwest of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 patients including 100 males and 100 females were enrolled using a convenience sampling technique. Diagnoses were made according to clinical symptoms and observation. In addition, the skin prick tests were used to detect the allergens. Finally, data were recorded and then analyzed by Stata. Results: Based on the results, 73.5%, 70.5%, 46%, and 43% of the patients were allergic to the following allergens including Dermatophagoid pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides parinae, tree, and grass, respectively. Further, the mean height in the group with a positive and negative test for the inhaled allergens equaled 144.92±29.72 and 131.65±30.93, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). However, the mean weight, age, and the time at the onset of the disease were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the negative or positive reaction to the allergens failed to significantly differ with respect to gender, marital status, occupation, the county of residence, the area of residence, family size, and a family history of the disease (P>0.05). Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis is regarded as a common disorder among teenagers and young adults in this setting. Allergy to one or more respiratory allergens was found to be highly prevalent in patients with allergic rhinitis and the highest rate of allergy was observed to the mites, followed by tree and grass.

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Psychosocial adjustment to cancer and its associated factors in patients undergoing chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v4i12.392 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (12) ◽

pp. 1853 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohsen Taghadosi ◽

Zeinab Tajamoli ◽

Mohammad Aghajani

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Adjustment ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Religious Beliefs ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Psychosocial Adjustment To Cancer

Background: Adjustment to cancer refers to functions adopted by an individual for sustaining health and well-being, and leads to a better life and improved quality of life. Failure to adjust causes anxiety, depression, distress, and behavioral problems. The aim of study was to assess psychosocial adjustment to cancer and its associated factors in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 260 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at a hospital center in Kashan, Iran in 2016. Data collection tools included demographic details, Psychological Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS), and adherence to religious beliefs (Temple). Samples were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed in SPSS-16 software using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of participants was 54.76±13.82 years, duration with cancer was 10.11±18.89 months, duration of treatment with chemotherapy was 4.8±6.2 months, and the mean score adjustment was 50.1±17.18. Adjustment was found to be significantly related to education, marital status, financial status, employment, and adherence to religious beliefs, but not to age, duration with cancer, duration of chemotherapy, or place of residence. Patients with no metastasis were better adjusted compared to other groups, with a significant difference from the other groups. Conclusion: More than half of patients had moderate to high levels of adjustment. Patients with poor education, self-employment, no family support, low adherence to religious beliefs, and with metastasis displayed poorer adjustment levels; all of these negatively affected their adjustment to cancer. Thus, patients undergoing chemotherapy need greater family, social, and economic support for adjustment.

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Postpartum Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women in Bandar Abbas City

International Electronic Journal of Medicine ◽

10.31661/iejm621 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Arefeh Shahi

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Parental Education ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Routine Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bandar Abbas

Background: Postpartum depression with a different incidence of 40- 45% in different societies, which it has adverse effects on the health of mothers and their child, given the negative effects of maternal depression and its harmful effects on the baby and the quality of family life. So, this study was performed with the aim to determine postpartum depression and its associated factors in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 after obtaining consent from mothers by the census. A total of 343 mothers was examined for depression who referred to Bandar Abbas health centers in the 2nd and 4th months after childbirth. The data collection tools included demographic information and Postpartum Depression Edinburgh questionnaires. Finally, the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software and data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Result: Totally, 68 (19.8%) of samples were in the second month and 54 (15.7%) in the fourth month after delivery had postpartum depression. The incidence of depression in the four months was 6.6%. There was a significant difference between depression and income, parental education, father’s use of cigarette and abnormalities of the infant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other factors such as gestational age, infant sex, birth weight, unwanted pregnancy, and type of delivery. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of this disorder, it seems that postpartum depression screening planning should be considered during child routine care as an essential component, especially for vulnerable groups.

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Emotional Bonding and Sexual Activity During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-National Pilot Study

Journal of Psychosexual Health ◽

10.1177/26318318211027482 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 263183182110274

Author(s):

Deblina Roy ◽

Sujita Kumar Kar ◽

SM Yasir Arafat ◽

Pawan Sharma ◽

Russell Kabir

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Sexual Relationships ◽

Sexually Active ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Emotional Bonding ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Study Participants

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures have affected the sexuality and emotional bonding among the couple across the world. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the married people’s emotional bonding and sexual relationships in 3 south Asian counties (Bangladesh, India, and Nepal). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Bangladesh, India, and Nepal residents from April 3 to April 15, 2020. The survey was designed in English. The participants were selected through convenience sampling technique, the link of the online questionnaire was shared with the participants. Only participants older than 18 years and above, married, and living with their spouses were included in the study. Results: A total number of 120 respondents were included finally for analysis from the participating countries (India, Nepal, and Bangladesh). The mean age of the participants was 35.42 (±5.73) years; the majority were males under the age of 40 years and had completed postgraduation as their qualification. Among the study participants, more than half (53.8%) of the women reported being sexually active during the lockdown, whereas 41% of the men reported being sexually active. Among the sexually active participants, most women (57.7%) reported that they perceived positive emotional bonding with their partners. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference observed when compared with men. There are variations in responses. However, no significant association was identified. Conclusion: There are a few insights from the study, that is, there was no significant difference found in almost 3 countries in emotional intimacy. There had been a trend that there is improved emotional bonding with their partners, although no significant difference was observed.

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Patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients of St Paulo’s Hospital, Ethiopia

General Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/gpsych-2019-100120 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. e100120

Author(s):

Kebebew Wogi Goben ◽

Endalamaw Salelew Abegaz ◽

Samuel Tolesa Abdi

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Mental Healthcare ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Good Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Sex

BackgroundPatient satisfaction with mental healthcare service is recognised as an important integral part of measuring the outcomes and performance of clinical service delivery. It is not well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, it is essential to improve service in the future.AimsTo assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients at St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling technique from May to June 2018. Data were collected using a Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8). Both bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used. Variables with p value <0.05 at multivariate analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 589 participants were enrolled with a response rate of 98.2%. In regard to the magnitude of patient satisfaction, 50.3% (95% CI 46.0 to 54.2) were highly satisfied, 31.0% (95% CI 27.2 to 34.8) were satisfied, and 18.7% (95% CI 15.4 to 22.1) were dissatisfied. Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.36), inability to read and write (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.66), being unemployed (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.47), obtaining services for free (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.22), and availability of medication (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.23) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.ConclusionsThe study showed that further improvements in patient satisfaction are required. Male sex, inability to read and write, being unemployed, obtaining services free of charge, and availability of medication were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. More than half of the participants were dissatisfied with the waiting time to receive services. The provision of services within a reasonable timeframe and meeting patient expectations are helpful for good health outcomes.

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Compliance with Standard Precautions and Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers in Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2017/2050635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tariku Gebre Haile ◽

Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda ◽

Abdella Amano Abdo

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Management Support ◽

Standard Precautions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Background. In many studies, compliance with standard precautions among healthcare workers was reported to be inadequate.Objective.The aim of this study was to assess compliance with standard precautions and associated factors among healthcare workers in northwest Ethiopia.Methods.An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 30, 2014. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were entered into Epi info 3.5.1 and were exported to SPSS version 20.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to identify associated factors.Results.The proportion of healthcare workers who always comply with standard precautions was found to be 12%. Being a female healthcare worker (AOR [95% CI] 2.18 [1.12–4.23]), higher infection risk perception (AOR [95% CI] 3.46 [1.67–7.18]), training on standard precautions (AOR [95% CI] 2.90 [1.20–7.02]), accessibility of personal protective equipment (AOR [95% CI] 2.87 [1.41–5.86]), and management support (AOR [95% CI] 2.23 [1.11–4.53]) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and Recommendation.Compliance with standard precautions among the healthcare workers is very low. Interventions which include training of healthcare workers on standard precautions and consistent management support are recommended.

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Interleukin-37 as an anti-inflammatory cytokine: does its relation to disease activity suggest its potential role in rheumatoid arthritis therapy?

Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1186/s43166-021-00065-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eman A. Baraka ◽

Mona G. Balata ◽

Shereen H. Ahmed ◽

Afaf F. Khamis ◽

Enas A. Elattar

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Tender Joint ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background This study aimed to measure the serum and synovial interleukin (IL)-37 levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared to patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (PKOA) and healthy controls and to detect its relation to RA disease activity. Results This cross-sectional study included 50 RA patients with a mean age of 40.24 ± 8.62 years, 50 patients with PKOA with a mean age of 56.69 ± 4.21, and 40 healthy controls with a mean age of 41.75 ± 7.38 years. The mean serum IL-37 level in the RA patients (382.6 ± 73.97 pg/ml) was statistically significantly (P < 0.001) the highest among the studied groups; however, it showed a non-significant difference between the PKOA patients (70.38 ± 27.49 pg/ml) and the healthy controls (69.97 ± 25.12 pg/ml) (P > 0.94). Both serum and synovial IL-37 levels were significantly positively correlated with disease activity scores (r = 0.92, P< 0.001 and r = 0.85, P < 0.001), tender joint counts (r = 0.83, P < 0.001 and r = 0.82, P < 0.001 ), swollen joint counts (r = 0.72, P < 0.001 and r = 0.60, P < 0.001), visual analog scale (r = 0.82, P < 0.001 and r = 0.82, P < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.75, P < 0.001 and r = 0.65, P < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (r = 0.93, P < 0.001 and r = 0.79, P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Serum and synovial IL-37 were significantly elevated in the RA patients, and they were closely correlated. Being less invasive, the serum IL-37 could be a marker of disease activity and could reflect the effective disease control by drugs. Having an anti-inflammatory effect could not suggest IL-37 as the key player to control inflammation alone, but its combination with other anti-proinflammatory cytokines could be investigated.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

(MD

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science ◽

10.37762/jgmds.8-2.164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

Ruqayya Sana ◽

Farzana Rehman ◽

Rashid Javaid

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Conventional Radiograph ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Working Length ◽

The Mean ◽

Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

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Differences in phosphatemia and frequency of consumption of dietary sources of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients in southern and northern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 83-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fabiana Baggio Nerbass ◽

Edcléia Regina Canzi ◽

Renata dos Anjos Araujo ◽

Dyane Corrêa ◽

Rafaela Gonzaga dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Sample ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The State ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Phosphorus Sources ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

The Mean ◽

Pork Sausages

Abstract Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is associated with unfavorable outcomes, and the percentage of patients presenting with this condition in hemodialysis (HD) in kidney foundation units in the state of Santa Catarina (SC) is historically higher than that of patients in the state of Tocantins (TO). Objective: To assess the frequency of consumption of the main dietary sources of phosphorus and to compare them between the two states. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 123 patients, 66 of SC and 57 of TO: 52% were men, average age was 46.9 ± 15.7 years, and mean HD time 48 (57-71) months. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 33 items that are dietary sources of phosphorus was applied. A consumption score was calculated for sources of organic, inorganic, and total phosphorus, and the six-month average of phosphatemia was obtained. Results: The mean phosphatemia of SC patients was higher (6.2 ± 1.5 vs 4.7 ± 1.3 mg/dL, p <0001) than TO patients, as well as the prevalence of hyperphosphatemia (62% vs 28%; p <10001). In the total sample, the foods most frequently consumed were milk and beans. Comparing the frequency of consumption between the two states, a significant difference was found in 17 items. In TO, beef and beans were the foods most frequently consumed, and in SC, fourteen other items of the FFQ (pork, sausages, dairy products, etc.) were the most frequently consumed. Phosphatemia correlated with the frequency of consumption of inorganic phosphorus sources. Conclusion: the frequency of consumption of several items was different between the states, and this explains the differences in phosphatemia between the two regions.

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Availability of Adequately Iodized Salt at Household Level and Associated Factors in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

ISRN Public Health ◽

10.1155/2013/160582 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hailay Gebrearegawi Gebremariam ◽

Melkie Edris Yesuf ◽

Digsu Negese Koye

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Iodized Salt ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Level ◽

Gondar Town ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

And Control

Background. Iodine deficiency has serious effects on body growth and mental development. This study assessed availability of adequately iodized salt at household level and associated factors in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. Methods. Community based cross-sectional study was carried out among households in Gondar town during August 15–25, 2012. Multistage sampling technique was used. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire by a face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to check associations and control confounding. Results. A total of 810 participants were participated. The availability of adequately iodized salt (≥15 parts per million) in the study area was 28.9%. Multivariate analysis showed that using packed salt (AOR (95% CI) = 9.75 (5.74, 16.56)), not exposing salt to sunlight (AOR (95% CI) = 7.26 (3.73, 14.11)), shorter storage of salt at household (AOR (95% CI) = 3.604 (1.402, 9.267)) and good knowledge of participants about iodized salt (AOR (95% CI) = 1.94 (1.23, 3.05)) were associated with availability of adequately iodized salt at household level. Conclusions. Availability of adequately iodized salt at household level was very low. Hence, households should be sensitized about importance of iodized salt and its proper handling at the household level.

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