scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON THE SCOTS PINE ADAPTABILITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Galdina ◽  
Ekaterina Hazova
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Structural Adaptation ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Different Origins

Scotch pine is a widespread species that can adapt to various growing conditions. It is important to trace the patterns of adaptability of the species to xeromorphic conditions, which makes it possible to reasonably expand the boundaries of this plant growing and create conditions for obtaining high-quality pine wood. Comparative anatomical studies of Pinus sylvestris L. needle in natural pine forests have been carried out: zone of broad-leaved forests (Bryansk region), southern forest steppe (Voronezh region), dry steppe (Volgograd region) and in provenances of Bryansk, Voronezh, Volgograd origin, growing in the same conditions of the central forest-steppe. As a result of our studies, anatomical variability of needle organs was revealed when moving to arid conditions, which indicates the adaptive response of the species. Studies of the provenances of Scots pine ecotypes from the zone of deciduous forests, southern forest-steppe and dry steppe, have made it possible to note that morphological and anatomical structure of needles changes to local ecotypes. However, it was noted that regularity of differences in morphological and anatomical structure of needles, observed in different forest conditions, is also traced in geographical cultures of different origins (Bryansk, Voronezh and Volgograd). Thus, structural adaptation of the species to the new growing conditions occurs, but genetic regularity of the subspecies remains, which reflects the duration and intensity of growth of all the plant organs. Genetic indicators (in general) determine the productivity and resilience of plantings.

scholarly journals Macroscopic structure of Pinus sylvestris L. wood during introduction to the Central forest-steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
T Galdina ◽  
E Khazova
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Annual Ring Width ◽  
Macroscopic Structure ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Voronezh Region

Abstract The macroscopic structure of Pinus sylvestris L. wood growing in the geographical cultures of the Central forest-steppe (Bryansk, Voronezh, and Volgograd climatypes), natural forests of the broad-leaved forest zone of the Bryansk region, the zone of the southern forest-steppe of the Voronezh region and the dry steppe of the Volgograd region was studied. The dependence of the annual ring width on the degree of humidification was found. When Pinus sylvestris L. moving in arid conditions of the dry steppe, changes in the annual ring width were noted, this is an adaptive feature of plants to environmental conditions. The early wood is more susceptible to changes in width depending on the growing conditions than late wood. In geographical cultures of Pinus sylvestris L. created in the Central Forest-steppe of the Voronezh Region climatypes from the Bryansk region have a decrease in the annual ring width and climatypes from the Volgograd region have an increase in the annual ring width, which is related to a change in the degree of humidification. Macrostructural features of wood can be an indicator of the climate in certain natural conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ecological Plasticity аnd Stability of Some Promising Varieties of Poplars

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
A.P. Tsarev ◽  
◽  
V.A. Tsarev ◽  
R.P. Tsareva ◽  
N.V. Laur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Growing Conditions

When developing promising assortments of forest woody plants, it is important to take into account not only their growth and survival in some particular environment, but also their respond to change in growing conditions. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the ecological plasticity and stability of some poplar varieties promising for the southeastern part of European Russia and Ukraine using the Eberhart and Russell method. The research was carried out on three testing sites: upland environment of the forest-steppe zone of the Voronezh region; floodplain environment of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region; and floodplain environment of the steppe zone of the Donetsk region. Five promising poplar varieties were identified and studied at each of the experimental sites. The indices of survival, growth in height and diameter, trunk volumes, and productivity by wood stocks and average increments are presented for each variety. Due to the average increments change with age, the ontogeny period from 21 to 30 years was chosen for the study, during which the average survival of poplars varies slightly. It was found that Regenerata, which is characterized by average plasticity and the lowest stability, was the most productive of the studied poplar varieties. It can perform high productivity only in the favorable environment. The poplar variety Pioneer demonstrated the least plasticity. Its productivity did not vary too much with change in growth conditions at average ecological stability. The highest plasticity at average ecological stability was observed in the Vernirubens variety. Average plasticity and stability were observed in poplar E.s.-38. The poplar variety Marilandica was also characterized by average plasticity, and high ecological stability. The research results allow using of the studied varieties more rational in different growing conditions, with regard to their environmental characteristics.

Radial increment dynamics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) as an indicator of hydrothermal regime of the Western Transbaikalia forest steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Demina ◽  
L. V. Belokopytova ◽  
S. G. Andreev ◽  
T. V. Kostyakova ◽  
E. A. Babushkina
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Western Transbaikalia ◽  
Hydrothermal Regime

scholarly journals Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Nina F. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
Elena S. Klushevskaya ◽  
Elena Yu. Amineva
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Vital State

Forest steppe of the Central Chernozem Region (CCR) of Russia belongs to the zone of highly productive pine forests. In 2015, for the first time a partial destabilization of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was recorded within the territory of the CCR. It affected the population, organism and cellular levels of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The destabilization was caused by the 8-year heatwave of 2007–2014 followed by a sharp drop in the water table and four severe droughts (2007, 2010, 2012, and 2014). The analysis was carried out on two sites of pine forest plantations growing in the environmentally sound region: the Stupino test site (Voronezh region, typical plantation for the CCR) and the Usman site (Lipetsk region, lands with elevated groundwater level). The results of morphological, cytogenetic and biochemical studies of model trees of the Stupino test site during the following periods are presented: 4 optimal years in terms of weather conditions, 2014 drought year and 2015 destabilization year. It was found that prolonged hydrothermal stress resulted in the transition of pine from the basic equilibrium state to a slightly nonequilibrium state. The trigger mechanism for changing their vital state was a severe autumn soil drought in 2014, after which the plants became weakened right before winter. A decrease in cone bioproductivity by the traits of seed fullness and the total number of seeds per cone, a change in population sampling structure, an increase in the number of mitosis pathologies, and an increase in proline content in needles were observed despite optimal weather conditions in 2015. The recovery of species was studied for three subsequent optimal years on the example of the Stupino and Usman populations. Experimental data indicate that the processes of vital state normalization involve profound changes in metabolism and require certain energy expenditures. It took the Stupino population longer to return to the regional norm, which indicates a different depth of destabilization of the tree genetic material of the studied populations. For citation: Kuznetsova N.F., Klushevskaya E.S, Amineva E.Yu. Highly Productive Pine Forests in a Changing Climate. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 6, pp. 9–23. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-9-23

scholarly journals Föhrenverjüngung: Plastizität und Akklimatisation in einem trockeneren Klima

2018 ◽  
Vol 169 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Barbara Moser ◽  
Christoph Bachofen ◽  
Thomas Wohlgemuth
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Rhone Valley

Pine regeneration: plasticity and acclimation in a dryer climate Increasing summer drought might limit the natural regeneration of Scots pine stands at low elevations of the Rhone valley. Common garden experiments at the forest-steppe ecotone have shown that emergence and establishment of Scots pine primarily depend on spring precipitation and, to a minor degree, on summer drought and rising temperatures. Scots pine seedlings acclimated rapidly to drought periods by favouring root to shoot growth. In the second year, the saplings were already adapted to drought so that most of them survived an extended spring and summer drought, as recorded at Sion twelve times during the last 154 years. Only an extreme summer drought – no water from June to September – killed 14.7% of the Scots pine saplings. Surprisingly, they were even able to acclimate to such extreme drought events: after the same extreme summer drought in the third year, mortality dropped below 5%. In general, the Scots pine was very plastic, i.e. seedlings and saplings changed their phenotype depending on environmental conditions. But we also found genetic adaptation: Scots pine originating from regions with pronounced summer drought, including populations from lower elevations in the Rhone valley, produced more biomass than those from moister regions in all treatment combinations. Black pine reacted similarly to the treatments like Scots pine, but it grew faster and more saplings survived the first extreme summer drought. These results show that Scots pine from low elevations of the Rhone valley is one of the most drought-tolerant provenances in Europe. Thanks to its high phenotypic plasticity and the ability of seedlings and saplings to acclimate to drought on a short time scale, natural regeneration of Scot pine at low elevations of the Rhone valley is likely to occur also under future conditions, but maybe less frequent than today.

scholarly journals Parameters of Pinus sylvestris health condition and Ips acuminatus population in pure and mixed stands of Sumy region

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Valentyna Meshkova ◽  
Ivan Bobrov
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Outbreaks of bark beetles have increased in recent years in various regions. Pine engraver beetle (Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1827); Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is most common in the pine forests of many European countries. Research on its biology and spread carried out in different natural conditions, phases of pest outbreak and considered various parameters to characterize the population of the pest and forest health condition. The aim of the research was to compare the health condition of Scots pine stands and population parameters of I. acuminatus in its two generations in pure and mixed stands in Polissya and Forest-steppe parts of Sumy region. Research was carried out in 2017 in the pure Scots pine stands and mixed stands with Scots pine and other forest species in Polissya (State Enterprise "Seredyno-Budsky Agroforest Economy"; State Enterprise "Seredyno-Budsky Forest Economy") and Forest-steppe parts (State Enterprise "Velykopysarivske Agroforest Economy"; State Enterprise "Okhtyrske Forest Economy") of Sumy region at 26 sample plots. In sample plots, parameters of forest health condition and bark beetle population were assessed in June and in September, after completion of development of spring and summer generation of I. acuminatus.  By most of the parameters assessed, significant differences between sample plots in Forest-Steppe and Polissya parts of Sumy region were not found. In pure Scots pine stands the mean area of bark beetles’ foci and bark beetles’ production were larger in Forest-steppe in June, and the density of Ips acuminatus nuptial chambers in June and September. In pure Scots pine stands the area of I. acuminatus focus, the number of colonized trees, the proportion of recently died trees, health condition indices, the density of egg galleries and nuptial chambers as well as young beetle’s production increased from June to September. In mixed stands the focus area, the number of colonized trees and health condition index increased insignificantly, and population parameters of I. acuminatus decreased from June to September. Pure Scots pine stands changed the health condition from "severely weakened" to "drying up" in three months, and mixed ones remained in the "weakened" category. In pure pine stands, the density of egg galleries and beetles of the young generation increased for three months from the lower limit of a moderate level to a high level, the density of nuptial chambers – from low to a high level. In mixed stands, all population parameters of I. acuminatus correspond to a low population level. The parameters characterizing the investigated foci of I. acuminatus in the Sumy region significantly correlated with the participation of pine in the stand composition, and in September the correlation is closer than in June. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of creating predominantly mixed pine stands.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

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