scholarly journals Terrestrial Orchid Diversity in Sharavati River Valley of Shimoga District Karnataka (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1-Feb) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Soumya Mahabaleshwara Hegde ◽  
Krishnaswamy K
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Single Species ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Terrestrial Orchid ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
The One ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
The Western Ghats

Sharavati is a river which originates and flows entirely within the state of Karnataka in India. Sharavati river valley is the one of the most beautiful valley in the Western Ghats. Extensive field surveys during 2018-2020, revealed the occurrence of 25 species of orchids under 13 genera in river basin region in Shimoga district. Habenaria with 9 species is the largest genus in the river basin region, followed byNervilia with 3 species;Malaxis, Peristylus are 2 species each and the remaining genera by a single species each. The habit, distribution, phenology and population status of terrestrial orchid species is presented in this paper. Efforts have also been initiated for their conservation at Sharavati river valley region in Shimoga district Karnataka.

scholarly journals Legumes of Kerala, India: a checklist

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 18257-18282
Author(s):  
Anoop P. Balan ◽  
S.V. Predeep
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
The State ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
The Western Ghats

A checklist of the legumes of Kerala State is presented.  This exhaustive checklist is an outcome of extensive field surveys, collection, identification and documentation of family Leguminosae carried out across Kerala State during the period 2006–2019.  A total of 448 taxa were recorded under five subfamilies and 115 genera.  The majority of the legumes are herbs and shrubs, the rest being trees and woody climbers.  About 81 taxa are endemic to India, especially confined to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, out of which 17 are endemic to  Kerala.  The state is home to two Critically Endangered and six Endangered legumes, facing severe threat of extinction.  Crotalaria is the dominant legume genus in the state with 62 taxa followed by Desmodium and Indigofera.  About 57 genera are represented by single species each.  Legumes are treated according to the latest phylogenetic classification of the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG).  Updated nomenclature, habit, native countries, voucher specimens, and images of endemic and lesser known legumes found in the state are provided.  Crotalaria multiflora var. kurisumalayana (Sibichen & Nampy) Krishnaraj & N. Mohanan is reduced as a synonym to C. multiflora (Arn.) Benth.

Socioeconomic Challenges faced by Basin’s People in India

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304
Author(s):  
Biplab Tripathy ◽  
Tanmoy Mondal
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
High Tide ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Major River ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
Basin Area

India is a subcontinent, there huge no of people lived in river basin area. In India there more or less 80% of people directly or indirectly depend on River. Ganga, Brahamputra in North and North East and Mahanadi, Govabori, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmoda, Tapti, Mahi in South are the major river basin in India. There each year due to flood and high tide lots of people are suffered in river basin region in India. These problems destroy the socio economic peace and hope of the people in river basin. There peoples are continuously suffered by lots of difficulties in sort or in long term basis. Few basin regions are always in high alert at the time of monsoon seasons. Sometime due to over migration from basin area, it becomes empty and creates an ultimate loss of resources in India and causes a dis-balance situation in this area.

Social Forestry in Environmentally Degraded Regions of India: Case-study of the Mayurakshi Basin

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandini Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Fuel Wood

Social Forestry (SF) schemes have been implemented in India since the 1980s to combat deforestation, increase the supply of fuel-wood and fodder, and provide minor forest products for the rural populaton. The relevance of such Schemes in the Mayurakshi River Basin is basically due to its environmentally degraded state. Latterly the Basin has been brought under the Mayurakshi River Valley Project, but unless measures are undertaken to mitigate problems of soil erosion, the efficiency of the Project will be hampered.

scholarly journals A methodology to conduct wind damage field surveys for high-impact weather events of convective origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1513-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriol Rodríguez ◽  
Joan Bech ◽  
Juan de Dios Soriano ◽  
Delia Gutiérrez ◽  
Salvador Castán
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
High Impact Weather ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
The One

Abstract. Post-event damage assessments are of paramount importance to document the effects of high-impact weather-related events such as floods or strong wind events. Moreover, evaluating the damage and characterizing its extent and intensity can be essential for further analysis such as completing a diagnostic meteorological case study. This paper presents a methodology to perform field surveys of damage caused by strong winds of convective origin (i.e. tornado, downburst and straight-line winds). It is based on previous studies and also on 136 field studies performed by the authors in Spain between 2004 and 2018. The methodology includes the collection of pictures and records of damage to human-made structures and on vegetation during the in situ visit to the affected area, as well as of available automatic weather station data, witness reports and images of the phenomenon, such as funnel cloud pictures, taken by casual observers. To synthesize the gathered data, three final deliverables are proposed: (i) a standardized text report of the analysed event, (ii) a table consisting of detailed geolocated information about each damage point and other relevant data and (iii) a map or a KML (Keyhole Markup Language) file containing the previous information ready for graphical display and further analysis. This methodology has been applied by the authors in the past, sometimes only a few hours after the event occurrence and, on many occasions, when the type of convective phenomenon was uncertain. In those uncertain cases, the information resulting from this methodology contributed effectively to discern the phenomenon type thanks to the damage pattern analysis, particularly if no witness reports were available. The application of methodologies such as the one presented here is necessary in order to build homogeneous and robust databases of severe weather cases and high-impact weather events.

scholarly journals Habitat Characteristics Coincidence of Dead and Living Long-Tailed Gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus) According to Extreme Snowfall

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Hee-Bok Park ◽  
Sungwon Hong
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution Modeling ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Lower Mobility

The long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) is a critically endangered herbivore in South Korea. Despite government efforts to recover the population through reintroduction programs, the animal remains vulnerable to heavy snowfall. From March to June 2010, 24 animals were found dead due to heavy snowfall in the Wangpi Stream basin. In this study, we hypothesized that gorals that died due to snowfall are low-status individuals that lived in the sub-optimal or non-suitable areas. Using the occurrence data from extensive field surveys from 2008 to 2010 in the Wangpi Stream and the carcass location data, we (1) defined the goral habitat characteristics and (2) compared the habitat characteristics between dead and living gorals using ensemble species distribution modeling. The results suggested that the sites where dead gorals were found were highly related to typical goral habitats. These results implied that the optimal goral habitats could become uninhabitable following heavy snowfall. Most of the dead animals were pregnant females or were young, implying that they could not escape their primary habitats due to lower mobility. Thus, when there is a climate catastrophe, the optimal goral habitats should be considered for rescue and artificial feeding.

A refined circumscription of Notobubon striatum and the resurrection of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher (Apiaceae, Apioideae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY R. MAGEE ◽  
ODETTE E. CURTIS ◽  
B-E. VAN WYK
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Type Material ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field

Extensive field surveys of the Critically Endangered Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld have uncovered that Notobubon striatum, as currently circumscribed, comprises two distinct species. Upon careful examination of the type material it has become clear that names exist for both species. The type specimen of N. striatum clearly matches the lesser known species, a large shrub, ca. 1 m. tall, with a powerful anise-scent and which is restricted to the banks of seasonal rivers and watercourses in the Central and Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. The second and better known entity, with a wider distribution, corresponds to the type material of Dregea collina Ecklon & Zeyher. As such, a new combination, Notobubon collinum (Ecklon & Zeyher) Magee, is here made to accommodate this taxon, restricted to dry quartz and silcrete patches or outcrops in Eastern Rûens Shale Renosterveld. In their revised circumscriptions N. striatum and N. collinum are readily distinguished by habit, scent, leaf size and division, as well as leaf lobe shape and sepal size. Comprehensive descriptions of both species are provided, together with notes on their ecology and conservation status, and the existing key to the species of Notobubon updated. This brings the number of recognised species in the genus to thirteen.

Chemotaxonomic study of the Lethariella cladonioides complex (lichenized Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-ling NIU ◽  
Hiroshi HARADA ◽  
Li-song WANG ◽  
Ying-jun ZHANG ◽  
Chong-ren YANG
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Chemical Polymorphism ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Study

AbstractA chemotaxonomic study was carried out on the Lethariella cladonioides complex, including L. sernanderi and L. cashmeriana of the subgenus Chlorea, based on extensive field surveys and a detailed morphological and chemical analysis. Only one species, L. cladonioides made up of five chemical races, is recognized. Lethariella sernanderi and L. cashmeriana are reduced to synonyms under L. cladonioides. The presence of a remarkable chemical polymorphism within the population of L. cladonioides is demonstrated. New data on the chemistry and the distribution of the species are presented.

scholarly journals Identificação de Unidades de Paisagem: metodologia aplicada a Portugal Continental

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (72) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Pinto Correia ◽  
António Cancela Abreu ◽  
Rosário Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
The One ◽  
The University

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF LANDSCAPE IN PORTUGAL –This paper presents the concepts and methodology used in the study «Identification and characterisation of landscape in continental Portugal» undertaken by theDepartment of Landscape and Biophysical Planning of the University of Evora for the General Directorate for Spatial Planning and Urban Development (DGOT-DU) at the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning, between 1999 and 2001. On the one hand, the methodological approach developed is based on the methodologies used recently for the same purpose in different European countries and on the way landscape has been considered in various European documents in the last years. On the other hand, it is also based on the team’s concern to approach the landscape as an holistic entity, and to examine its various components: ecological, cultural, socio-economic and sensorial. The set aim has been to define landscape units and to characterize these units in relation to the present landscape and the recorded trends, related problems and possibilities. Thus, the cartography relative to selected variables has been combined and related to satellite images and field surveys. The results of cross-referencing all this information has than been combined with expert examination of landscape coherence and character within each unit. The assessment was completed after careful bibliographic research and consultation with regional experts. The result is a flexible approach that combines objective analysis with a more subjective assessment, which the team considered fundamental for a true understanding of landscape.

scholarly journals The oat-like grass Trisetopsis aspera (Munro ex Thwaites) Röser & A.Wölk (Poaceae): a new record for the flora of central Western Ghats of Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17601-17603
Author(s):  
H.U. Abhijit ◽  
Y.L. Krishnamurthy ◽  
K. Gopalakrishna Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
New Record ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Central Western Ghats

For the documentation of grasses in the central Western Ghats of Karnataka, we have conducted the extensive field surveys by using random sampling method from 2017 to 2020.  During this survey we have collected some grass specimens from the shola grassland, which forms the new distributional record of Trisetopsis aspera (Munro ex Thwaites) Roser & A. Wolk to the flora of central Western Ghats, Karnataka, India from the montane high- lands of Baba Budangiri hills of Chikkamagaluru District.

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