scholarly journals Applying Folklore Sources in the Historiography of Tiruppadai Temples – A Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
V Gunapalasingam
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
New Method ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Society ◽  
History Of

Muruga worship is a unique worship system of the worship systems existing in Sri Lanka and this uniqueness is intensively revealed in the Tiruppadai temples of Eastern region of Sri Lanka. The antiquity of these temples could be known by folklore sources which are chief sources for knowing the old tradition of the temples. The folklore sources could be classified and viewed into formulae, poetry, tales, paththasi and koothu. Infect, earlier, there was a method or tradition among intellectuals to create history based on literature, inscription, copperplates, coins, and other archeological pieces of evidence and instead, 19th& 20th centuries, a new method was introduced to make historiography based on the sources of folklore and the folklore sources have created new dimensions in the historiography of the societies which preserve customs and beliefs. Applying the above theory in matters related to the history of Tiruppadai Temples of Eastern region, it could be observed that history of a regional society emerges to exist.

CLIMATOLOGY OF EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS IN EASTERN AND NORTHERN SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL: PRESENT AND FUTURE CLIMATE

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Becker Nunes ◽  
Gilson Carlos Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Climate Modeling ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Santa Catarina State

ABSTRACT. The eastern region of Santa Catarina State (Brazil) has an important history of natural disasters due to extreme rainfall events. Floods and landslides are enhancedby local features such as orography and urbanization: the replacement of natural surface coverage causing more surface runoff and, hence, flooding. Thus, studies of this type of events – which directly influence life in the towns – take on increasing importance. This work makes a quantitative analysis of occurrences of extreme rainfall events in the eastern and northern regions of Santa Catarina State in the last 60 years, through individual analysis, considering the history of floods ineach selected town, as well as an estimate through to the end of century following regional climate modeling. A positive linear trend, in most of the towns studied, was observed in the results, indicating greater frequency of these events in recent decades, and the HadRM3P climate model shows a heterogeneous increase of events for all towns in the period from 2071 to 2100.Keywords: floods, climate modeling, linear trend. RESUMO. A região leste do Estado de Santa Catarina tem um importante histórico de desastres naturais ocasionados por eventos extremos de precipitação. Inundações e deslizamentos de terra são potencializados pelo relevo acidentado e pela urbanização das cidades da região: a vegetação nativa vem sendo removida acarretando um maior escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, em inundações. Desta forma, torna-se de suma importância os estudos acerca deste tipo de evento que influencia diretamente a sociedade em geral. Neste trabalho é realizada uma análise quantitativa do número de eventos severos de precipitação ocorridos nas regiões leste e norte de Santa Catarina dos últimos 60 anos, por meio de uma análise pontual, considerandoo histórico de inundações de cada cidade selecionada, além de uma projeção para o fim do século de acordo com modelagem climática regional. Na análise dos resultados observou-se uma tendência linear positiva na maioria das cidades, indicando uma maior frequência deste tipo de evento nas últimas décadas, e o modelo climático HadRM3P mostra um aumento heterogêneo no número de eventos para todas as cidades no período de 2071 a 2100.Palavras-chave: inundações, modelagem climática, tendência linear.

Diplomacy Beyond History: Analytic-Violence, Producer-Centred Research, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097492842098307
Author(s):  
Deep K. Datta-Ray
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Nuclear Diplomacy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Insight Into

The history of Indian diplomacy conceptualises diplomacy racially—as invented by the West—and restrictively—to offence. This is ‘analytic-violence’ and it explains the berating of Indians for mimicking diplomacy incorrectly or unthinkingly, and the deleting, dismissing, or denigrating, of diplomatic practices contradicting history’s conception. To relieve history from these offences, a new method is presented, ‘Producer-Centred Research’ (PCR). Initiating with abduction, an insight into a problem—in this case Indian diplomacy’s compromised historicisation—PCR solves it by converting history’s racist rationality into ‘rationalities’. The plurality renders rationality one of many, permitting PCR’s searching for rationalities not as a function of rationality but robust practices explicable in producer’s terms. Doing so is exegesis. It reveals India’s nuclear diplomacy as unique, for being organised by defence, not offence. Moreover, offence’s premise of security as exceeding opponent’s hostility renders it chimerical for such a security is, paradoxically, reliant on expanding arsenals. Additionally, doing so is a response to opponents. This fragments sovereignty and abdicates control for one is dependent on opponent’s choices. Defence, however, does not instigate opponents and so really delivers security by minimising arsenals since offence is eschewed. Doing so is not a response to opponents and so maintains sovereignty and retains control by denying others the right to offense. The cost of defence is courage, for instance, choosing to live in the shadow of nuclear annihilation. Exegesis discloses Balakot as a shift from defence to offence, so to relieve the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) leadership of having to be courageous. The intensity of the intention to discard courage is apparent in the price the BJP paid. This included equating India with Pakistan, permitting it to escalate the conflict, and so imperiling all humanity in a manner beyond history.

The Journal “Librarian” as a Source on the History of Librarianship in Siberia and the Far East of the Pre-Revolutionary Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Yulija V. Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
History Of ◽  
Informative Content ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The study of the history of librarianship is an urgent task of modern historical and library research. Its solution is possible if a large number of historical sources are identified and analysed. One of them is the pre-revolutionary journal “Librarian”, which differs from other periodicals of that time by its high informative content on the topic. Due to the lack of comprehensive studies of the “Librarian” journal as a historical source, this article for the first time considers this pre-revolutionary professional periodical as a source for studying the history of librarianship in Siberia and the Far East of the pre-revolutionary period. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the informative potential of the “Librarian” journal, which is useful for the reconstruction of the history of librarianship in Siberia and the Far East.The methodological basis of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. The article uses the methods of source studies, comparative and content analysis.The obtained results show that the journal “Librarian” is an important source for studying the history of librarianship in the Siberian-Far Eastern region. It contains numerous interesting facts about the libraries of the region, their structure and functioning, allows us to identify the sources of their financing and quantitative indicators of work, trace their dynamics, replenish the regional bibliography of special literature and restore the names of benefactors, Siberians and Far Easterners — members of the Society of Library Science.This study fully reveals the informative potential of this periodical, expands the idea of periodicals as important historical sources for the study of the history of librarianship of the country as a whole and its various regions. It can be useful in conducting specific historical studies of librarianship of the country of the pre-revolutionary period.

scholarly journals Queen Aadahasounthary with Three Breasts or the Third Breast Identified with Personalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Sivagnanam Jeyasankar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The Third ◽  
South Indian ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Temple

Myth of Queen with three breasts, Aadahasouthary of Batticaloa is an element in the history of Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. Her faith is different from Saivism and later she adopted to Saivism because of her new partner Kulakottan, a South Indian prince enter into Eastern Part of Sri Lanka and engaged in constructing a temple for lord Sivan. Queen aadahasounthary was angry with the intrusion and waged a war against the prince Kulakottan who was engaged in the temple construction without permission. When the Queen met the prince her third breast was disappeared and she lost her valour and became a “conventional woman” and fell in love with the prince as mentioned to her by a sage. Queen Aadahasounthary, now without the third breast lost herself and the place she managed once to her new guardian in the guise of a man king, prince kulakottan. This paper discuss the politics of women body in the gaze of men and the new status of the Queen and the place she managed earlier in the hands of a man as husband as well as ruler.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associations of psychoactive substance use among male supportive staff members in a tertiary care hospital of Sri Lanka

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S293-S293
Author(s):  
Chathurie Suraweera ◽  
Iresha Perera ◽  
Priyanka Rupasinghe ◽  
Janith Galhenage
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use

AimsThe study describes the prevalence and associated socio-demographic variables of psychoactive substance use among male supportive staff members at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.MethodA cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among male supportive staff members of a tertiary care hospital in Colombo District, Sri Lanka by using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Participants were recruited using stratified cluster sampling in thirteen overseer divisions of the hospital. Anonymous questionnaires were collected into a sealed box and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 20.ResultThe mean age of the 404 male staff members who participated in the study was 38.78(SD = 10.90) years and 71.5% were married. Among them 202 (49.1%) were educated up to grade 6-11 and 30 of them has had encounters with law in the past. Thirty of participants had history of psychoactive substance use in the family. Alcohol was used more than once a month by 127(30.9%) and more than once a week by 19(4.6%) individuals. Among other substances, tobacco, beetle and beedi were used by 104(25.3%), 78(19.0%) and 18(4.4%) respectively at least once a month. Further, 22(5.3%), 20(4.8%), 7(1.7%) and 7(1.7%) participants used Mava, Cannabis, Methamphetamine and Thool respectively at least less than once a month. Heroin, Tramadol and Morphine were used by two individuals at least less than once a month. Among substance using participants, 132 wished to cut down their habit. Most commonly identified (14.1%) adverse consequence was financial issues secondary to psychoactive substance use. Eleven (4.5%) staff members used the substance at hospital. Alcohol use was associated with age more than 35 years (p = 0.039) and history of forensic involvement (p = 0.038). Tobacco(p = 0.000), beetle (p = 0.056), Cannabis (p = 0.000) and mava (p = 0.015) use were significantly associated with positive forensic history. Supportive staff members’ alcohol and cannabis use was associated with tobacco (p = 0.000, p = 0.000) and beetle use (p = 0.001, p = 0.049). Mava use was associated with alcohol (p = 0.060) use in addition to tobacco (p = 0.020) and beetle use (p = 0.008).Binomial logistic regression revealed alcohol use and beetle use were associated with the number of children in family and above associations.ConclusionCommonest psychoactive substance consumed by supportive staff members were alcohol, tobacco, beetle, Cannabis and Mava in descending order of frequency. Forensic history was significantly associated with substance use. True prevalence of substance use can be higher than these values.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to malaria during the Prevention of Re-establishment phase in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamsananthy Jeevatharan ◽  
Wickremasinghe AR
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Overseas Travel ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Establishment Phase

Abstract BackgroundSusceptibility to malaria is the predisposition of populations to be infectedby malaria parasites.It is influenced by the age-sex composition, parasitaemia, immunity, pregnancy status, type of residency, socio economic status, migration history of the population; broadly biological and generic factors. As imported cases are still being reported and one introduced malaria case was reported in 2018, prevention of re-establishment of malaria is a challenge for Sri Lanka.Addressing susceptibility to malaria is crucial for planning and implementing appropriate interventions to sustain malaria-free status of the country. The aim of this study was to assess susceptibility to malaria during the prevention of re-establishment phase in Sri Lanka.MethodsA national survey was conducted among 3,454 households. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select the households. Susceptibility was assessed based on a conceptual framework adapted from Kienberger and Hagenlocher [20], using an interviewer-administered questionnaire administered to heads of households. Basic socio-demographic information, travel history, history of fever and past malaria infections in the preceding three years were collected; in addition, subjects were tested for presence of malaria parasites. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 package.ResultsThe proportion of population who had been overseas within the last 3 years in the urban sector (4.5%, n=99) was significantly higher than that of the rural (2.8%, n=288) and estate sectors (0.2%, n=2) (χ42=66.103; p<0.001). The proportions reporting overseas travel declined significantly with the wealth index up to the 4th quintile with a slight rise in the 5th quintile (χ82=60.985; P<0.001). There were 177 persons who had fever within the past 2 weeks of the survey. None of the surveyed population had malaria parasites on blood examination.Conclusions Urban and upper socioeconomic class population should be targeted for screening and awareness programmes on prevention of re-establishment of malaria. Travel overseas is the most important criterion to assess susceptibility in an island nation.As susceptibility is a dynamic phenomenon, it should be assessed periodically. Combining it with resilience and receptivity, social vulnerability and risk of re-establishment of malaria could be assessed.

Unofficial Wars: The Politics of Disappearance

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-651
Author(s):  
Gabriele Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Anil's Ghost ◽  
History Of

This article examines Michael Ondaatje’s 2001 novelAnil’s Ghost, placing it within the context of a history of disappearance as a form of state terrorism on a global level. It contests the controversial response that Ondaatje’s work received, which alleged lack of political engagement in the novel on account of what critics saw as its ‘Westernised approach’. Instead, what is argued here is thatAnil’s Ghostpresents a particular form of ‘working through’, first by approaching disappearances through the embedded lives and subjectivities of targeted populations, and second by using the specific historical and local setting in Sri Lanka to explore the politics of disappearances as a global phenomenon.

A new method to determine “equilibrated” water activity and establish sorption isotherm by erasing surface history of the samples

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dupas-Langlet ◽  
Julien Dupas ◽  
Sophie Samain ◽  
Maria-Isabelle Giardiello ◽  
Vincent Meunier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Sorption Isotherm ◽  
New Method ◽  
History Of
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