Molecular Detection of Group A Rotavirus in under Five Years Old Children with Acute Diarrhoea Admitted to Yangon Children’s Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Group A Rotavirus ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Rotaviruses are regarded as the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality among children especially under five years of age worldwide. In developing countries like Myanmar, where diarrhoea is in the priority childhood disease, rotavirus surveillance and detection of rotavirus genotypes are utmost important. A hospital-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Yangon Children‟s Hospital among under five children admitted for acute diarrhoea from January to October 2016. This study includes detection of Group A rotavirus antigen by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and genotyping by multiplex RT-PCR. From a total of 488 collected samples, rotavirus antigen was detected in 219 samples (45%). Rotavirus diarrhoea was most common among the age of 6-11 months (38.8%) followed by 12-23 months (37.9%). The results showed that boys were more commonly affected than girls. Detection of rotavirus positivity was peak in February (57.6 %). Out of 219 stool samples with positive ELISA result, 40 stool samples with high optical density value were proceeded for further determination of G and P genotypes. Regarding distribution of G genotypes, the most common G genotype was G9 which comprised 45%, and that of P genotype was P[8] which comprised 92.5%. Regarding combination of G and P genotypes, the most frequent combination is G9P[8], and it constituted 42.5%. Untypable genotypes were seen in 30% of G and 2.5% of P typing. As rotavirus infection can be prevented by vaccine, WHO recommended that rotavirus vaccination should be included in national immunization program especially in countries where prevalence of rotavirus is high. The distribution of G and P genotypes is important in consideration of appropriate vaccine in pre-vaccination and evaluation of effectiveness of vaccine in post-vaccination period. Therefore, the information on currently circulating genotypes of rotavirus in this study will serve as valuable data for vaccination programme.

scholarly journals Prevalence of rotavirus infection and its association with socio-demographic characteristics among under-five children admitted with acute diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Farjana Binte Habib ◽  
Mohammed Mirazur Rahman ◽  
Rafaat Choudhury ◽  
Tarun Kanti Paul ◽  
Md Moynul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rotavirus Infection ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background: Rotavirus has been recognized as the most common cause of acute watery diarrhoea among under-five children worldwide. It is considered as a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries like Bangladesh. Considering the high morbidity and significant mortality, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of rotaviral diarrhoea among children less than five years in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under-five children admitted in paediatrics department of the same institute with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigen by sandwich type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases and disease prevalence was 46.74%. The rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. Prevalence of infection was associated with age (p= 0.004), socio-economic condition (p=0.001) and exclusive breastfeeding of children (p=0.01). Conclusion: Rotavirus was a significant cause of acute watery diarrhoea and mainly affected children below 12 months age. BIRDEM Med J 2021; 11(3): 186-190

scholarly journals Rotavirus in diarrhoeic children under-five attending a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1863
Author(s):  
Nikhil Khude ◽  
Lona Dash ◽  
Sushma Save ◽  
Badhuli Samal ◽  
Jayanthi Shastri
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Etiological Diagnosis ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Parasitic Pathogens

Background: Diarrhoeal diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children requiring hospitalization in developing countries. Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute diarrhoea among under-five children. Etiological diagnosis of diarrhoea would enable appropriate management of patients while limiting the spread of drug resistant pathogens. This study was undertaken to determine presence of rotavirus and other diarrhoeal pathogens in under-five diarrhoeic children attending a tertiary care hospital, and the related clinical presentations.Methods: 120 stool samples of under-five children with acute diarrhoea, attending the OPD and indoor services of a tertiary care hospital, were studied over one year. Rotavirus antigen was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Bacterial and parasitic pathogens were detected using standard microbiological techniques.Results: Out of 120 stool samples tested, 36 were positive for Rota virus antigen. Bacterial isolates included E. coli (25), Vibrio cholerae (12) and Aeromonas species (1). Parasites were observed in nine samples and multiple pathogens in nine.Conclusions: Rotavirus continues to be a major cause of childhood diarrhoea. As antibiotics have no role in the management of viral and parasitic diarrhoeas, etiological diagnosis is imperative for proper management of diarrhoea and prevention of indiscriminate use of antibiotics.

Circulating Rotavirus Genotypes among Children Younger than 5 Years with Acute Gastroenteritis in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Jummai Giwa ◽  
Maria Garba ◽  
Abdulaziz Mukhtar ◽  
Mukhtar Idris ◽  
Belinda Lartey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Diversity

Abstract Objective This study aimed to determine the circulating rotavirus genotypes among children 0 to 59 months with acute gastroenteritis in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed from November 2015 to April 2017 on 415 stool samples of children 0 to 59 months with acute gastroenteritis presenting at the pediatric clinics in five selected health care facilities in Zaria, Northwestern Nigeria. The stool samples were tested for group A rotavirus antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the ProSpecT™ Rotavirus Microplate Assay (Thermo Scientific Oxoid, United Kingdom). Rotavirus-positive strains were further characterized using seminested multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results Of the 415 diarrheal stool samples collected from children with acute gastroenteritis, 12.3% (n = 51) tested positive by ELISA. Five rotavirus G genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G9, and G12) and three P genotypes (P[4], P[6], and P[8]) were detected. Eight genotype combinations were detected with G1P[8], G12P[8], and G3P[6] being the most prevalent (9.8% each) followed by G1P[6], G2P[4], and G9P[8] (5.9% each). G/P mix types representing 25.5% (n = 13) of strains were detected during the study period. Conclusion This study found a high diversity of rotavirus strains with emerging unusual rotavirus genotypes and a concurrent high proportion of mixed infections. This increased antigenic diversity of rotavirus strains may impact on vaccine effectiveness and rotavirus epidemiology and highlights the importance of continuous surveillance.

scholarly journals CHOLERA OUTBREAK IN WASIT GOVERNORATE, IRAQ 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Health Directorate ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Program Version

Introduction: Cholera is a major public health ongoing problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. The main objective of the current study was to assess the distribution of cholera in Wasit governorate during the 2017 epidemic. Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients were registered in health directorate records. The data collection lasted from 2nd of January 2018 till 28th February 2018 by formal registration for records of the directorate of Wasit health\ section of communicable diseases\ epidemiological surveillance unit. All registered cholera confirmed cases were included and frequency tables were done using SPSS program version 23. Results: The results showed that only (25) positive cases of cholera from (6175) total of stool samples taken from (20954) of acute diarrhoea recorded during 2017, and the highest percentage of cases (66.7%) were registered in September. The highest percentage of cases (32%) appear within the age category (>45) years while the lowest percentage was in under five years children(8%). Women constituted about (68%) of all cases. All cases were in Al-Suwaira health care district and all cases were of the type Inaba. All patients were recovered with no fatality. Even, the highest attack rate of cholera nationally and in Wasit was in 2015 outbreak. Conclusion: Cholera still one of the endemic diseases in Iraq that caused an outbreak at different times. Although, it still under control and need further work for special situations where the infection most likely distributed.

Immunological and molecular detection of rotavirus genotype in calves with gastroenteritis in Diyala-Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-013
Author(s):  
Ammar Talib Nasser ◽  
Abdulrazak Shafiq Hasan ◽  
Amer Khazaal Saleh ◽  
Mohammad Kassem Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Age Range

Aim: To explore the prevalence of rotavirus infection along with the molecular detection and genotyping of group A rotavirus (RVA) among bovine calves up to 5 months old in Diyala province-Iraq. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in Diyala province-Iraq during the period of 2019-2020. One hundred bovine calves with age range of 1-5 months were included in the study. All were suffering acute gastroenteritis. Serum anti-rotavirus IgM and IgG plus fecal rotavirus Ag were tested for using ELISA techniques. Stool samples positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for G and P genes, followed by sequencing and genotyping thereafter. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The positivity rate of anti-rotavirus IgM was 80% (P = 0.0001), and that of anti-rotavirus IgG was 79% (P = 0.0001). The rotavirus stool antigen was detected in 68% of calves (P = 0.01). A total of 45 stool samples which were positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for RT-PCR; 13 (28.9%) were positive and 32 (71.1%) were negative (P = 0.084). 10 PCR positive samples were used for sequencing and genotyping and indicated that all investigated strains belonged to G1P[8] genotype. Conclusion: The current strains analyzed belonged to the G1P[8] RVA genotypes, affirming that employment of VP7 gene polymorphism accurately yielded uniform phylogenetic distances amongst investigated rotavirus strains and that there were no noticeable assortment events between human and animal rotavirus strains in Diyala province.

scholarly journals Rotavirus Diarrhoea among Children under Five Years in a Tertiary Level Government of Rajasthan

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ari ◽  
Ruchi Chaudhary ◽  
S.D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elisa Result ◽  
Level Government

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children globally. Studies indicate that rotavirus causes approximately 40 percent of childhood diarrhoea hospitalization worldwide and around 39 percent in India in less than 5 years of age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under five years.Materials and Method: Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-5 years with acute diarrhea and samples are tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result: Out of 349 samples, 104(29.8%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Therefore the prevalence of rotavirus infection among hospitalized patient under this study was 29.8%.Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):273-276

scholarly journals Comparison of the Rapid Methods for Screening of Group A Rotavirus in Stool Samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Khamrin ◽  
D. N. Tran ◽  
W. Chan-it ◽  
A. Thongprachum ◽  
S. Okitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Methods ◽  
Group A Rotavirus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Stool Samples
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document