scholarly journals Proposal of city tram-train line for Wrocław

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Line Number ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New City ◽  
Housing Estates

In article short review of different types of present tram-train solutions working on world was made. Worked out till now proposals of tram-train lines for Wrocław were analysed. Proposal of new city tram-train line for Wrocław, connecting existing tram-loops Poświętne and Kromera, with utilization of railway line number 292 on section among stations Wrocław Sołtysowice and Wroclaw Osobowice, serving housing estates Poświętne and Karłowice, with possible branch to Sołtysowice was presented.

scholarly journals Different types of biomaterials: Structure and application: A short review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Miljana Rubežić ◽  
Aleksandra Krstić ◽  
Hristina Stanković ◽  
Radomir Ljupković ◽  
Marjan Ranđelović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Properties and applications of cellulose regenerated from cellulose/imidazolium-based ionic liquid/co-solvent solutions: A short review

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 869-880
Author(s):  
Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri ◽  
Khalina Abdan ◽  
Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Novel Applications

Abstract An improvement of ecological conscience currently has increased the consciousness of researchers in reducing the processing time and cost of solvent for the dissolution of cellulose. Latterly, ionic liquids have been employed to process cellulose as they are recyclable and nonvolatile. Besides that, biopolymers such as chitosan, chitin, starch, protein, and cellulose acetate can also be processed by using ionic liquids for diverse applications. In this short review, examples of imidazolium-based ionic liquids that are commonly used for the dissolution of cellulose are implied. Furthermore, examples of organic liquids that are utilized as co-solvents for ionic liquids were revealed. In addition, examples of imidazolium-based ionic liquid/co-solvent mixtures utilized in the dissolution of cellulose and other biopolymers are also demonstrated. The properties and applications of cellulose and its blends regenerated from different types of cellulose/imidazolium-based ionic liquid/co-solvent solutions are also shortly reviewed. The information acquired from this review gives a better understanding of the changes in the properties of regenerated cellulose and regenerated cellulose blends. In addition, this short review serves as a model basis for the creation of novel applications of regenerated cellulose and regenerated cellulose blends by utilizing imidazolium-based ionic liquid/co-solvent mixtures.

scholarly journals Prevention of COPD exacerbations: medications and other controversies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 00011-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Vestbo ◽  
Peter Lange
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Long Acting

Exacerbations have significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most guidelines emphasise prevention of exacerbations by treatment with long-acting bronchodilators and/or anti-inflammatory drugs. Whereas most of this treatment is evidence-based, it is clear that patients differ regarding the nature of exacerbations and are likely to benefit differently from different types of treatment. In this short review, we wish to highlight this, suggest a first step in differentiating pharmacological exacerbation prevention and call for more studies in this area. Finally, we wish to highlight that there are perhaps easier ways of achieving similar success in exacerbation prevention using nonpharmacological tools.

scholarly journals Ocular Medical Devices: Histologic Technique and Histopathologic Evaluation of the Biocompatibility and Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Drevon-Gaillot
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Combination Product ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Histologic Technique

Ocular medical devices (MDs) represent a very wide and promising field of human ophthalmology. In preclinical studies evaluating the safety and/or performance of these ocular MDs, the choice of histologic technique and the focus of the histopathologic evaluation method should take into consideration the following aspects: the specific guidelines possibly associated with the MD or combination product, the ocular compartment in contact with the MD and its specificities, and last the nature of the biomaterial used in the MD. Following a brief overview of animal models, this short review will present the different types of ocular MDs and will present the specificities of the histologic technique and the histopathologic evaluation related to ocular MDs.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Techno-Economic Comparison between DC Electrification and Trains with On-Board Energy Storage Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6702
Author(s):  
Regina Lamedica ◽  
Alessandro Ruvio ◽  
Manuel Tobia ◽  
Guido Guidi Buffarini ◽  
Nicola Carones
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Economic Comparison

The paper presents a preliminary technical-economic comparison between a 3 kV DC railway and the use of trains with on-board storage systems. Numerical simulations have been carried out on a real railway line, which presents an electrified section at 3 kV DC and a non-electrified section, currently covered by diesel-powered trains. Different types of ESS have been analyzed, implementing the models in Matlab/Simulink environment. A preparatory economic investigation has been carried out.

scholarly journals Displays

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
A. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Hybrid Techniques ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Different Types

A short review is given on new display technologies such as plasma, liquid crystals, light emitting diodes, electroluminescence and electrochromism. It is stated that thin or thick film or hybrid techniques are essential for all the different types of display. Comparing the performance data of displays the advantages, disadvantages, appropriate applications and future developments are described. Finally the display market and its growth are discussed briefly.

Experimental Evaluation of Vibration Effects Induced by Planed Railway Line on Surrounding Historic Tower

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 861-866
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Wei Guo Yang ◽  
Jia Ming Niu
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Vibration Velocity ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Vibration Level ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Different Types

Using field experiments, the vibration effects of historic tower induced by planed railway line are estimated. The vibrations include the construction vibration and the traffic-induced vibration. The results show that the blasting construction leads to the significant increase in vertical velocity and acceleration. There is no difference between the background vibration of field and foundation of tower. Different types of the sites soil around the tower cause little change. Each measurement time showed an upward trend of vibration level with the increase of frequency. The closer the tower is to the vibration source, the larger the structural vibrations would be. The dominant frequency range for highway-induced vibration is 10-20Hz. For train-induced vibration, the dominant frequency range is more than 40Hz. Surface waves will result in amplification phenomenon of vibration velocity of ancient structures within a certain range.

scholarly journals Wandering wives or foreign fillies? The women of archaic Greek colonisation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Harriet Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Archaic Period ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
Magna Graecia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New City ◽  
Geographical Scope

<p>Greek colonisation in the archaic period encompassed an enormous geographical area. But for all its prevalence, the textual evidence is limited in both quantity and quality and the archaeological evidence goes only some way towards helping decipher social change and ethnicity. These issues become even more apparent when considering the position of women in the new city foundations. Did Greek colonists take their own wives with them to their new homes? Were Greek women sent out at a later date once the colony had become established? Did Greek colonists intermarry with indigenous women on arrival? Or did something else happen, including a mix of these options? The weight of scholarly opinion currently falls in favour of intermarriage, though frequently little evidence is proffered to support this view. This thesis focuses on this hypothesis and examines the evidence (or lack thereof) to support this conclusion.  Chapter One examines the problems associated with archaic Greek colonisation generally, particularly those issues connected with the ‘language of colonisation’. The study of Greek colonisation has been complicated by imprecise and ambiguous terminology, which frequently draws comparison with more modern (although altogether different) instances of the phenomenon. A major repercussion of this is the tendency to overlook both women and any indigenous peoples. The opening chapter also examines the various reasons behind the foundation of colonies, as well as the different types of settlements, so that an assessment can be made as to whether Greek women might have been more likely to accompany colonising expeditions in some instances over others. Chapter Two looks at the concept of intermarriage more closely and assesses Greek attitudes towards foreign women. It also evaluates the evidence typically called upon by scholars to argue for and against intermarriage in Greek colonisation. Chapter Three assesses the evidence for the presence of women in ten different colonies. Presented roughly in chronological order, these colonies were selected for their geographical scope, covering different regions from the Western Mediterranean, Magna Graecia, North Africa, and the Black Sea. This discussion explores both the literary and archaeological evidence (where possible) for each of these colonies and assesses the potential for intermarriage. This thesis demonstrates that broad conclusions about intermarriage as a widespread practice are unsustainable and concludes that colonisation in the archaic period cannot be considered a uniform phenomenon.</p>

scholarly journals Multicriteria Evaluation of Transport Plan for High-Speed Rail: An Application to Beijing-Xiongan

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asim Farooq ◽  
Mowen Xie ◽  
Svetla Stoilova ◽  
Firoz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Promethee Ii ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
New City ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Beijing has an enormous transportation challenge: to relieve the extreme congestion that has arisen, largely due to overpopulation. To meet this challenge, the city administration has decided to extend its territory; a new city will be planned and built. This new city, Xiongan, will reduce the burden on the capital. A new high-speed railway (HSR) line is designed to transport millions of people every day within less than an hour. This study applies the potential of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and multicriteria methods, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE II), to determine the best alternative of transportation for the new high-speed railway line between Beijing and Xiongan, comparing different ones. The methodology consists of two stages. In the first stage remote sensing datasets such as ASTER DEM and LANDSAT images and GIS software such as ERDAS IMAGINE and ArcGIS have been used to determine settlement distribution, station location, elevation model, slope percentage, vegetation percentage, and route alignment for a new high-speed railway line for better understanding of its spatial distribution pattern over the study area. The second phase of the study focusing on assessing the various alternatives of transportation has been determined, and three approaches to choosing the best alternative have been introduced. In the paper we examine criteria associated with travel and economic criteria: travel time, the number of train stops, public satisfaction with transport, the number of seats per day, connectivity, operating costs, profit, and the payback period. Six alternatives of transportation have been studied. The stops in Guan and stations in the metro’s rings have been investigated. In the second stage, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and PROMETHEE II methods have been used to select the best alternative. The first approach uses only criteria related to the trip, as the criterion to choose the best alternative is the maximum of the net outranking flows by PROMETHEE II method; the second approach applies two independent criteria: the ratio of normalized operating costs and the normalized net outranking flows, and the ratio of the normalized payback period and the normalized net outranking flows; the third approach includes all defined criteria, and the criterion of choosing the best alternative is the maximum of net outranking flows as calculated by the PROMETHEE II method. The approaches have been analyzed with the purpose of comparing the results. The result indicates that it is expedient to have a station in Guan, which will increase the connection and connectivity among the cities while providing fast mobility options for a large number of inhabitants of Guan city. Furthermore, the result from Remote Sensing and GIS analysis demonstrates that the proposed high-speed railway line will be environmentally sustainable and is economically/socially feasible and that it will certainly attract current and future passengers because of their needs.

Soil-Structure Interaction for Building Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2248-2253
Author(s):  
Suhaib Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Soil Structure Interaction ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Gross Error ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fixed Base ◽  
New City

Abstract: In the analysis of structures subjected to earthquake forces, it is usually assumed that the structure is fixed at the base to simplify the mathematical problem. This assumption leads to gross error in assessment of overall response under dynamic loads. The interaction phenomenon is principally affected by the mechanism of energy exchanged between the soil and the structure during an earthquake. In the present investigation, a multi-storied building which is located in Amaravati is chosen as the study area which consists of different types of soil / rock profiles at different locations. Many high rise structures are expected in future in the new city. Earthquake analysis is carried out when similar structure rests on different types of soils and the results of fundamental time periods, base shears and displacements are compared with the results obtained from fixed base condition.

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