scholarly journals Identification of road parameters affecting the sectional speed of motor vehicles on rural roads

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Robert Ziółkowski
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Automatic Recognition ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Geometric Properties ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Driving Speed

The basic factors determining the driving speed of drivers on rural roads are geometric properties of the designed road and traffic conditions. Spot speed investigations and analysis are a frequent object of both Polish and foreign research, while little attention has been given to sectional speed studies. The article presents the results of sectional speed tests carried out on rural sections of national, regional and county roads. The research sections were located in the Podlasie Voivodship. A set of cameras with the function of automatic recognition of number plates was used for speed measurements. As part of the conducted research and analyses, applying the tools of statistical analysis, the significance of the influence of the width of the lane, roadside width, road accessibility and its curvature on average sectional speeds in the group of national, provincial and county roads was determined.

scholarly journals Investigations of driver’s speed at unsignalised pedestrian crossings

2019 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 05018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ziolkowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Traffic Law ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

Pedestrian crossings are critical places for road accidents involving pedestrians and motor vehicles. Due to the relation between speed and injury severe the driver’s speed has a crucial impact on pedestrian safety. In Poland the traffic-related death rate of unprotected road users is extremely high comparing to other countries of European Union even though the traffic law regulations require from drivers special attention and slowing down while approaching to the intersection and/or zebra pedestrian crossing area. The goal of the paper is to investigate driver’s speed while approaching to the pedestrian crossings located in mid-block areas and in inlet sections of unsignalised intersections and roundabouts. For this purpose the spot speed measurements in free flow traffic conditions were conducted using radar speed gun. Speed was recorded at a distance of 100m and 50m from the crossing as well as at the zebra crossing location. As a result driver’s speed behaviour based on statistical analysis and depending on the type, localization and distance from the pedestrian crossing was analysed and evaluated.

scholarly journals PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC CONDITIONS OF RURAL ROADS AND BUILT-UP AREAS: THE ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SITUATION AND POSSIBILITIES OF IMPROVING TRAFFIC CONDITIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Nemunas Abukauskas ◽  
Egidijus Skrodenis
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Main Activity

The results of lengthy thorough investigations into traffic safety situation show that the percentage of pedestrians getting involved in road traffic accidents on Lithuanian roads is significantly higher (more than 33 % of the total number of injury and fatal accidents) than that compared to the other European Union member-states. The article studies traffic safety problems and their factors causing the largest influence on the occurrence of these accidents. Considering valuable experience gained by foreign countries, investigation was carried out to establish general and main factors causing insufficient road safety conditions and significance of these factors to road safety. The article also shows the main activity improving road safety in Lithuania and discusses the effectiveness of strategic and local (temporary and long term) measures to improve conditions for pedestrian road safety.

Determining Passenger Car Equivalent for Motorcycle at Mid-Block of Sesetan Road

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
I. Gusti Raka Purbanto
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
On The Road

Motorcycle dominates traffic in Bali, particularly in urban roads, which occupy more than 85% of mode share. The three types of vehicles, i.e. motorcycles, heavy and light vehicles share the roadways together. Under mixed traffic conditions, motorcycle may be travelling in between and alongside two consecutive motor vehicles. Considering such a situation, passenger car equivalent values should be examined thoroughly. This study aims to determine passenger car equivalent (PCEs) of motorcycle at mid-block of Sesetan Road. Three approaches are used to examine the PCEs values. This study found that the PCE of motorcycles are in a range between 0.2 and 0.4. This values are about the same to the existing PCE of the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (1997). This study also pointed out that motorcyclists and car drivers may behave differently to the existence of motorcycles. Car drivers are more aware than motorcyclists on the existence of motorcycle on the road. Further, more samples are required to obtain comprehensive results. In addition, the presence of heavy vehicles need to be considered for future study.

Curb Parking Supply Scale with Conditions of Dynamic Traffic

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 4876-4882
Author(s):  
Chao Qun Ma ◽  
Yu Ping Wang ◽  
Gang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Parking Lots ◽  
Influencing Mechanism ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Resistance Function ◽  
Lateral Clearance ◽  
Service Standards

Starting with the two key factors of road breadth and the distance to intersections, the present paper analyzed the constraints of road conditions on setting curb parking lots and, by analyzing the influencing mechanism of curb parking on traffic capacity, constructed the compensation model of traffic capacity for motor vehicles on the parking road sections. Then, the paper went on to set the values of compensation coefficients for road breadth, vehicles in parking in and driving out, non-motor vehicles, and lateral clearance, so as to calculate, with the precondition of guaranteeing certain service standards, the maximal values of curb parking lots on road sections under the constraints of traffic capacity. In addition, it also constructed the driving speed model according to BRP resistance function and, via the analysis of “Friction” effect and “Blocking” effect of curb parking on traffic flows of motor vehicle lanes, measured the influence of curb parking on driving speed in order to exactly determine of maximal parking value under the condition that the minimal driving speed of motor vehicles can be ensured. Finally, for the purpose of finding the balance between dynamic and static traffic and of maximally utilizing the remaining road resources, the maximal number of curb parking lots shall be the minimal value to satisfy the constraints of road conditions, traffic capacity and driving speed.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of pollutant dispersion in urban roadway tunnels

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingliang Dong ◽  
Yao Tao ◽  
Yimin Xiao ◽  
Jiyuan Tu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Pollutant Dispersion ◽  
Piston Effect ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Toxic Emissions ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Short Tunnel

Vehicular toxic emissions can easily contaminate the air quality of the enclosed tunnel environment, especially during rush hours with traffic jam events or low vehicle speeds, which poses serious health hazards to road utilizers. The piston effect generated by moving vehicles was normally considered adequate to discharge vitiated air out of short tunnel based on a typical driving speed. However, complex traffic conditions may yield unexpected consequences on in-tunnel air quality levels. This study numerically investigated the CO2 concentration to identify the in-tunnel pollutant dispersion under three traffic conditions including severe traffic congestion and traffic flow with low vehicle speeds. Fan conditions were considered to model the influence of mechanical winds on pollutant dispersion and comparison with vehicular piston effect was also performed. The results revealed elevated pollutant concentration regions were found at the vicinity of near-ground region and tunnel downstream. The vehicular piston effect can sufficiently remove the in-tunnel vehicular emissions when vehicles travel at relatively higher speed. However, pollutant accumulation occurs when vehicles are idling or moving at slow speed. Compared with traffic piston effect at high travelling speed, the mechanical ventilation of ceiling mounted fans only generate a limited contribution to the removal of emissions.

scholarly journals The influence of the driving speed on the exhaust emissions

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Jerzy MERKISZ ◽  
Marianna JACYNA ◽  
Maciej ANDRZEJEWSKI ◽  
Jacek PIELECHA ◽  
Agnieszka MERKISZ-GURANOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Portable Equipment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Research Equipment

The aim of the study is to verify the thesis about the influence of the vehicle speed on the exhaust emissions. The influence of the speed on the fuel consumption is quite easily measurable and generally possible to identify, while determining the emissions of harmful substances requires specialized research equipment. The analysis is important from the point of view of the vehicle operation. The paper presents the results of the road tests of a car fitted with a diesel engine. It contains the results of measurements of the concentration of the exhaust components. In the measurements, PEMS portable equipment was used. The study was conducted under actual traffic conditions (motorway driving) on a selected portion of the A2 motorway, located near Poznan.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethyl Alcohol upon Pedestrian Trauma Sustained in Traffic Crashes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Pawłowski ◽  
Dorota Lasota ◽  
Mariusz Goniewicz ◽  
Patryk Rzońca ◽  
Krzysztof Goniewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Traffic Crash ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Every year more than 1.2 million people worldwide die due to trauma sustained in road crashes, with an additional number of people injured exceeding 50 million. To a large extent, this applies to so called “unprotected road users”, including pedestrians. The risk involved in a traffic crash for pedestrians can result from many factors, one of which is participation in road traffic when under the influence of alcohol. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of alcohol use among pedestrians as unprotected road traffic participants, and the consequences of them being struck by motor vehicles. Material and methods: The source of data was the medical documentation of the Department of Forensic Medicine at the Medical University of Warsaw. The sample for this research consisted of 313 pedestrians who were victims of fatal road crashes resulting from a collision with a mechanical vehicle. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis using the STATISTICA version 12.5 program (StatSoft Polska, Cracow, Poland). Results: Male fatalities constituted the majority of the study sample. Nearly half of the fatal pedestrian victims were found to be under the influence of alcohol. The statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the gender and age of the victims, as well as between the place of the event, the place of death, the mechanism of the event, and the presence of alcohol in pedestrians. Conclusions: Among pedestrians, victims of road crashes who were under the influence of alcohol were predominantly drunk young males. Victims under the influence of alcohol were more likely to become fatalities in crashes where the mechanism of the incident was being struck by a passenger car, and when the place of the incident was a rural area, in these cases the rates of death directly at the scene were much more frequent. The eradication of alcohol consumption by all road users should be the overriding objective of all measures aimed at reducing the number of road crashes.

Statistical Analysis of the Channelized Traffic and Road Condition Investigation about Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 1957-1960
Author(s):  
Zhi Jian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Condition ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Pavement Structure

We conducted a survey about the representative six sections of Beijing-Zhuhai expressway, including channelized traffic conditions and the corresponding traffic for this highway. And we were statistically analyzed to survey results. We had a new understanding to the operational status of domestic highway. Lane design for the pavement structure provided a theoretical basis.

Investigation of the Effect of Super Sharrows on Cyclist and Vehicle Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 2659 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kassim ◽  
Karim Ismail ◽  
Suzanne Woo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Lane

This study examined the potential effect of special paintings of shared lane markings (super sharrows) on a number of operational and safety performance parameters for cyclists and motor vehicles. These performance parameters were used to assess pretreatment and posttreatment behavior when cyclists and motor vehicles were near one another. The performance parameters were ( a) rate of lane change maneuvers performed by vehicles in the presence as well as the absence of cyclists and ( b) lateral spacing between cyclists, vehicles, and curb edge. In general, the main objectives of this treatment were ( a) providing cyclists with comfort by allowing them to ride in the middle of the travel lane and ( b) promoting safe passing by motor vehicles. The effect of the super sharrows on cyclists and motor vehicles was analyzed with statistical analysis by comparing pretreatment and posttreatment conditions. The key findings are as follow: ( a) super sharrows had an effect on motor vehicle lane change maneuvers, represented by an increase in the percentage of motor vehicles that changed from the right lane (location of super sharrows) to the left lane with the presence of a cyclist on the right lane; ( b) the number of motor vehicles that changed from right lane to left lane and back to right lane in both full and partial encroachment into the left lane decreased; ( c) the number of the motor vehicle lane change maneuvers from left to right lane decreased; and ( d) cyclists were found to be riding farther from the right curb with the presence of the super sharrows.

scholarly journals Excess Fuel Consumption Due to Selection of a Lower Than Optimal Gear—Case Study Based on Data Obtained in Real Traffic Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7979
Author(s):  
Wojciech Adamski ◽  
Krzysztof Brzozowski ◽  
Jacek Nowakowski ◽  
Tomasz Praszkiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Knefel
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Gear Up ◽  
Manual Gearbox ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Gear Case ◽  
Real Traffic ◽  
Selection Of

Appropriate driving technique, in compliance with eco-driving principles, remains an effective method to reduce fuel consumption. The selection of the correct gear is one of the pertinent factors when driving a car with a manual gearbox. In this study we have analyzed fuel overconsumption based on data recorded in real traffic conditions for vehicles driven by experienced drivers, using a black-box model. It was found that the total share of trip time with a lower than optimal gear selected amounted to from c.a. 3% for motorway driving up to 28% on rural roads. The mean fuel consumption reduction factor (following selection of the next gear up) amounted to from c.a. 2% up to 20%, depending on the selected gear and type of driving. Unfortunately, the potential for reduction of fuel consumption is not evenly distributed over the entire operating area of the engine. Thus, the cumulative reduction of fuel consumption, due to selection of the optimal gear, amounted to from c.a. 0.2% for motorway driving up to 3–6%, for urban and rural driving. It was shown that due to the selection of the appropriate gear, there still exists a real possibility of reduction of fuel consumption, even in the case of experienced drivers.

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