scholarly journals Effect of fungal filtrates on germination of wheat grains and the biological control of these fungi using black pepper extract

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Fuzia Elfituri Muftah Eltariki ◽  
Abdulmajeed Bashir Melitan ◽  
Seok Mui Wang ◽  
Mohammed Abdelfatah Alhoot
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

Wheat is one of the world's most abundant and essential food crops. It covers a significant area of the earth's surface, higher than any other plant, and tends to be among the top strategic crops. Wheat contamination with fungi leads to rapid deterioration of quantity and quality of wheat products. Many of those fungi are potential mycotoxins producers. This study aimed to isolate and identify fungi that contaminating the wheat grains from the Misurata Agricultural Research Center area and the South Region of Libya. Fungi contaminating wheat grains were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and identified by culture characteristics and microscopically. Fungal filtrates of two fungal isolates, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp., were tested for their effects on the germination and seedlings of wheat grains. Furthermore, the effect of acetonic extracts of Black pepper (Piper nigrum) on the growth of the isolated fungi was also investigated. Ten types of fungi belonging to four genera were isolated and identified. The germination rate of wheat grains irrigated with the filtrate of A. niger and Rhizopus sp. was 20% and 80% respectively, compared with 100% of the control grains, which were irrigated with water. The culture filtrates of both A. niger and Rhizopus sp. affect not the only percentage of grains germination but also the morphology of wheat seedlings. It adversely affected the length of the radicles and coleoptiles. The acetone extract of P. nigrum showed inhibitory effect (85.7% ± 3.7 and 44.0% ± 3.1) on the germination of A. niger and Rhizopus sp. respectively. This study concludes that fungal secretions have pathogenic effects on plant growth, which can lead to potential health risks for the human population. Biological control such as Piper nigrum extracts can be an alternative to chemical pesticides for controlling fungal pathogens and their secretions.

Biological control methods in Piper nigrum Linn. leaves infected with galls caused by Liothrips karneyi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 696-698
Author(s):  
Asha Renjith ◽  
Payal Lodha
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Growth Reaction ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Piper nigrum Linn. (Black pepper)  belongs to the family Piperaceae and an economically and medicinally important spice and is a native of Southern India. Leaf marginal gall is transmitted by Liothrips karnyi belonging to family Phlaeothripidae of order Thysanoptera (Thrips). Insect induced galls arise due to growth reaction of plants due to the attack of cecidozoa, also known as zoocecidia. The growth and development of the host plant alter due to the infestation of the insect, which involves certain complex phenomena. The different groups of cecidozoa influence the plants in such a way as to produce galls at different stages in their life history. Most of the cecidozoa cause galls only in their developmental stages, but some of them are capable of inducing galls both in larval as well as adult stages. The crop production in India has been adversely affected due to the infestation of pests. And it is necessary to use different approaches of disease management to curb the infestation, and significant researchers have shown progress to protect the crops in an eco-friendly manner. Piperine exhibits diverse pharmacological activities like antihypertensive, antiplatelets, antioxidant, antitumor, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-reproductive, insecticidal activities. In the present investigation, the biological method of disease management of marginal leaf gall transmitted by Liothrips karnyi has been undertaken. The biological control of leaf diseases has been significant on the increased reflection of environmental problems over pesticide uses.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA PESTISIDA NABATI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN JAMUR TULAR BENIH KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogeae L.) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DAYA KECAMBAH BENIH

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Eni Muhammad Ali ◽  
Sonia
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
Rhizopus Sp

Seedborne diseases on peanut seeds can be controlled by using plant leaf extracts which applied by seed treatment. The plants leaf used, such as: sambiloto leaves extract, bay leaves extract, basil leaves extract and guava leaves extract. The aim of this research is to study the effect of application several plants leaf extract and obtain the best extract to control seedborne fungal pathogens on peanut seeds and its effect to germination of peanut seeds. The research has been conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Disease and Greenhouse Experimental Farm at Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru. This research has been conducted experimentally by using a completely randomed design (CRD), consisting of 5 treatments, namely: without application of plants leaf extract (E0), sambiloto leaves extract 30% (E1), bay leaves extract 30% (E2), basil leaves extract 30% (E3) and guava leaves extract 30% (E4). The data obtained were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance and to compare the mean of treatments, and Tukey’s test at level 5% was applied. The result obtained 5 isolate seedborne fungus on peanut seeds. The results showed that application of basil leaves extract was able to inhibit the growth of Rhizoctonia sp. (30.25%), Macrophomina sp. (41,00%), Rhizopus sp. (20,25%) and Aspergillus sp. (15,00%), the extract of bay leaves had a higher inhibition of Aspergillus sp. (31.25%). The application of bay leaves extract resulted in a better germination rate of (93.00%). The application of the four plants leaf extract were not able to affect the total normal germination seeds and seedling height.

scholarly journals Safety Aspects of the Use of Isolated Piperine Ingested as a Bolus

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2121
Author(s):  
Rainer Ziegenhagen ◽  
Katharina Heimberg ◽  
Alfonso Lampen ◽  
Karen Ildico Hirsch-Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Safety Parameters

Piperine is a natural ingredient of Piper nigrum (black pepper) and some other Piper species. Compared to the use of pepper for food seasoning, piperine is used in food supplements in an isolated, concentrated form and ingested as a bolus. The present review focuses on the assessment of the possible critical health effects regarding the use of isolated piperine as a single ingredient in food supplements. In human and animal studies with single or short-term bolus application of isolated piperine, interactions with several drugs, in most cases resulting in increased drug bioavailability, were observed. Depending on the drug and extent of the interaction, such interactions may carry the risk of unintended deleteriously increased or adverse drug effects. Animal studies with higher daily piperine bolus doses than in human interaction studies provide indications of disturbance of spermatogenesis and of maternal reproductive and embryotoxic effects. Although the available human studies rarely reported effects that were regarded as being adverse, their suitability for detailed risk assessment is limited due to an insufficient focus on safety parameters apart from drug interactions, as well as due to the lack of investigation of the potentially adverse effects observed in animal studies and/or combined administration of piperine with other substances. Taken together, it appears advisable to consider the potential health risks related to intake of isolated piperine in bolus form, e.g., when using certain food supplements.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of Soil Microorganisms and their Effects on Disease Management at Black Pepper Farms in Gia Lai Province

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Huyen Nguyen ◽  
Anh Dzung Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Quang Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Cellulose Degradation ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Beneficial Microorganisms

Research on soil ecological systems, such as the soil characteristics and properties of the soil micro-flora system, is essential in the sustainable production of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.).The role of using beneficial microorganisms in the sustainable production of black pepper is in increase because many people are being aware of the hazards associated with consuming products with chemical substances. Twenty-seven soil samples were collected from Chu Se, Chu Prong and Duc Co district of Gia Lai province to determine the relationships between the ecological system, pathogenic fungi and nematodes in black pepper farms. The obtained results showed that the soil micro flora community was quite diverse. The average total density microorganism in Duc Co district, Chu Prong district and Chu Se district was of 8.41x106 CFU/g, 6.76x106 CFU/g and 8.91x106 CFU/g, respectively. The density of average total beneficial microorganisms in Duc Co district, Chu Prong district and Chu Se district was of 20.03x104 CFU/g, 14.25x104 CFU/g and 17.62x104 CFU/g, respectively. The use of organic fertilizers is common to the farms where high microbial densities were recorded. The relationship between the density of beneficial  microorganisms (Nitrogen fixing bacteria, Phosphorus soluble bacteria, Cellulose degradation bacteria) and the density of fungal pathogens and nematodes was negatively correlated with R = - 0.84 and R = - 0.81 respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed that the density of beneficial microorganisms in the soil and the incidence of diseases in orchards were negatively correlated (R = - 0.69). This study proposes that the correlation between the basic factor of soil ecological system with pathogenic fungi and nematodes plays a very important role in biological control and the sustainable production of black pepper.

scholarly journals Biological control: an effective approach against nematodes using black pepper plants (Piper nigrum L.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Saad ◽  
Heba M. Salem ◽  
Amira M. El-Tahan ◽  
Mohamed T. El-Saadony ◽  
Saqer S. Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Pepper Plants

Antileishmanial Alkaloids from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
HRW Dharmaratne ◽  
BL Tekwani ◽  
NPD Nanayakkara
Keyword(s):  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum

DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Yap Chin Ann
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Area Index ◽  
K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper. 

scholarly journals Combining Normal/Reversed-Phase HPTLC with Univariate Calibration for the Piperine Quantification with Traditional and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Various Food Spices of Piper nigrum L. under Green Analytical Chemistry Viewpoint

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Alqarni ◽  
Prawez Alam ◽  
Ahmed I. Foudah ◽  
Magdy M. Muharram ◽  
Faiyaz Shakeel
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Green Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Pharmaceutical Samples ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Due to unavailability of sustainable analytical techniques for the quantitation of piperine (PPN) in food and pharmaceutical samples, there was a need to develop a rapid and sensitive sustainable analytical technique for the quantitation of PPN. Therefore, the current research presents a fast and highly sensitive normal/reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique with classical univariate calibration for the quantitation of PPN in various food spices of black pepper with traditional (TE) and ultrasound-assisted extracts (UBE) of various food spices of Piper nigrum L. under green analytical chemistry viewpoint. The amount of PPN in TE of four different spices of black pepper—namely BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA—was found to be 309.53, 304.97, 282.82, and 232.73 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal-phase HPTLC technique. However, the amount of PPN in UBE of BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA was recorded as 318.52, 314.60, 292.41, and 241.82 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal phase HPTLC technique. The greenness of normal/reversed-phase HPTLC technique was predicted using AGREE metric approach. The eco-scale was found to be 0.90, suggested excellent greenness of normal/reversed-phase technique. UBE of PPN was also found to be superior over TE of PPN. Overall, the results of this research suggested that the proposed normal/reversed-phase densitometry technique could be effectively used for the quantitation of PPN in food and pharmaceutical samples.

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