“THE ROSE SULTANA OF THE NIGHTINGALE” ORIENTAL IMAGES, CHARACTERS AND SETTING IN BYRON’S THE GIOAUR

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2289-2294
Author(s):  
Natalija Pop Zarieva
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Don Juan ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Animal Imagery ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Oriental Tale ◽  
The Rose ◽  
The Voice

It is surprising that Romanticism, a literary movement generally associated with nature, emotions and imagination, had close connection with imperialism, through its most distinguished cultural characteristic - Orientalism. Most of the major Romantic poets found in the Orient not just a noteworthy point of reference for various cultural or political backgrounds, but an important backdrop in the realization of their literary careers. However, most of the writers of this period had never visited the East. Hence, their attitudes towards it differ from Lord Byron’s, who not only embarked on the Grand Tour, among other countries to Albania, Greece and Turkey, early in his career, but also eternalized the theme of escapism in some of his greatest poetry like Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and Don Juan. The exotic East offered Byron the basis for the aesthetic achievement in his Oriental Tales: The Giaour, Lara, The Corsair, The Siege of Corinth and The Bride of Abydos, but also his play Sardanapalus. The main interest of this paper, however, is the study of Oriental elements in Byron’s first Oriental tale - The Gioaur. I have come to realize that Byron emerges as distinct from and rises above his contemporaries in the treatment of the Orient with regard to the broad range, accurate portrayal and his creative empathy. One of the purposes of this paper would be to acknowledge this uncommon responsiveness to the Orient and to enlighten Byron's use of Oriental allusions. The poem represents an artistic mixture of Eastern and Western elements. This paper will focus on the depiction of the East in images, settings, characters and themes, and explore the way the poet skillfully incorporates a Western hero in an Eastern setting and increases the overall impression by the poem’s various narrators. Byron was the first author who allowed an Oriental character to relay a story from his Islamic point of view. This makes Byron different from his contemporaries; he does not throttle the Oriental voice. The voice of the Muslim narrator emphasizes the Oriental character of the poem as his references and viewpoints bestow a specific Oriental colour. In the depiction of the two main male characters, Byron has skillfully employed the effect of doubling which excludes the position of the Giaour as superior over his Oriental rival. Just as Hassan does not feel any remorse for the death of Leila, so does the Giaour’s regret not stem in the immorality of his deeds or social transgressions. He is endowed with the same weaknesses and vices as Hassan. Artistically threading together, a diversity of Oriental details, such as natural and animal imagery, creatively incorporating picturesque similes and allusions, Byron has managed to fashion a faithful Oriental story.

scholarly journals Conscience as an Experiment: The Russian Subtext of John Galsworthy’s Short Story “Conscience”

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Svetlana B. Koroleva ◽  
◽  
Natalya B. Shibaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Voice ◽  
Significant Motif ◽  
Human World ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Voice ◽  
English Culture ◽  
Russian Model

John Galsworthy, as it is quite widely known, was strongly influenced by Russian literature. What is much less known, or even realized, is that this influence had at least two major lines: (1) a literary line, connected with a vivid perception of style, plot, other aesthetic and ideological discoveries of Russian novelists, and (2) a cultural line that carried Galsworthy to philosophizing on such problems as national character, national culture, and the historical development of the European civilization. In this second respect, Chekhov can be considered the central figure for the English writer. This supposition is based on some Galsworthy’s essays in which Chekhov’s name is directly connected with the idea of “Russianness”, with such typical, according to the English writer’s point of view, Russian traits as “a passionate search for truth”, emotionality, self-knowledge, and self-declaration. Thus, these were, primarily, Chekhov’s works that served for Galsworthy as the basis for his very special—both aesthetic and ideological—experiment. Galsworthy conducted this experiment in his short story under a “Russian”, if not “Chekhovian”, title “Conscience” (cf., Chekhov’s short story “Bezzakonie” [Iniquity, Lawlessness]). Conscience is a very significant motif in Chekhov’s works, and it obviously plays an important role in works by many other Russian authors, including Dostoevsky, which is not something inexplicable. Unlike English culture, which, during the 17th–19th centuries, shifted from reliance on the inner moral voice in a human being to faith in outer moral rules, Russian culture, on the eve of the 20th century, still preserved the authentic Christian belief that conscience is the voice of truth in man. Since, in his essays, Galsworthy declared Chekhov the most authentic Russian writer of all he had known, it is natural to assume that whenever we speak about the English writer’s experiment dealing with the Russian concept, we should bear in mind Chekhov (as the key point to understand the experiment). The essence of the experiment can be described in terms of transplanting the Russian model of “life according to the voice of conscience” to the everyday English reality contemporary with the author within the aesthetic texture of his short story. As a result, the hero, who starts—rather unexpectedly both for himself and everybody around him— living according to his conscience, loses his social status, money, job, home, as well as trust of all those who know him. He excludes himself (and is excluded) from social life and from all possible connections with the human world: the only “world”, the only environment open for him is nature. The experiment Galsworthy made in his short story “Conscience” proves that the Russian model of “life according to the voice of conscience” is not viable in the circumstances of English reality (contemporary with the author).

scholarly journals Post-Human Aesthetics of Apocalypse

2019 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Özgür Yaren
Keyword(s):  
Media Studies ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Genre Films

This paper aims to illustrate the transformation of point of view in apocalyptic/dystopian genre films, abandoning the lamenting tone in favor of other species. It also intends to exhibit the aesthetic strategies conforming to the shifting tone of these genre films towards a post-human stance. It can be argued that the conjuncture which is shaped by several coinciding narratives of crisis from the Anthropocene to the more recent political crisis of rising Populism led Posthumanist discourse gain prevalence. The paper will try to link the shifting tone of genre films with the lineages of Posthumanist discourse and contemporary collective anxieties. Through analyzing the voice of narrative and its visual language, this paper will attempt to layout significant characteristics of post-human aesthetics in apocalyptic/dystopian genre films. Article received: April 23, 2019; Article accepted: June 15, 2019; Published online: September 15, 2019; Review articleHow to cite this article: Özgür, Yaren. "Post-Human Aesthetics of Apocalypse." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies 19 (2019): 77-83. doi: 10.25038/am.v0i19.309

Wacana Kolonial dalam Novel Max Havelaar: Sebuah Kajian Poskolonial

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Ramadhan Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

AbstrakHegemoni kolonialisme dalam budaya poskolonial merupakan alasan penelitian inikemudian mengkaji wacana kolonial dalam novel Max Havellar (MH) khususnya dampakditimbulkannya. Dampak dimaksud adalah posisi keberpihakan pemikiran tersirat darikarya tersebut. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan, secara temporal maupun permanen MHmenyuarakan ketidakadilan dalam kondisi-kondisi kolonial menyangkut penindasan sangpenjajah terhadap terjajah. Hanya saja, upaya mengatasnamakan atau mewakili suarakaum terjajah terbukti mengimplikasikan ciri ideologis statis kerangka kolonialisme(orientalisme); yakni cara pandang Eropasentris, di mana “Barat” sebagai self adalah superior,dan “Timur” sebagai other adalah inferior. Dalam konteks poskolonialisme, MH dengan sifatkritisnya yang berupaya “menyuarakan” nasib pribumi terjajah, justru menampilkan stigmapenguatan kolonialitas itu sendiri secara hegemonik. Artinya, “menyuarakan” nasib pribumidimaknai sebagai keberpihankan kolonial yang kontradiktif, di mana stigma penguatankolonialitas justru lebih terasa, ujung-ujungnya melanggengkan hegemoni kolonial. Tidakmembela yang terjajah, tetapi memperhalus cara kerja mesin kolonial.AbstractThe hegemony of colonialism in the culture of postcolonial society is the reason this studythen examines the colonial discourse in the novel Max Havellar (MH) in particular the impactit brings. The impact in question is the implied position of thought in the work. The resultsof the discussion show that, temporarily or permanently, MH voiced injustice in the colonialconditions regarding the oppression of the colonist against the colonized. However, the effort toname or represent the voice of the colonized has proven to imply a static ideological characterin the framework of colonialism (orientalism); ie Eropacentric point of view, in which “West” asself is superior, and “East” as the other is the inferior. In the context of postcolonialism, MH withits critical nature that seeks to “voice” the fate of the colonized natives, actually presents thestigma of strengthening coloniality itself hegemonicly. That is, “voicing” the fate of the pribumiis interpreted as a contradictory colonial flare, where the stigma of strengthening colonialityis more pronounced, which ultimately perpetuates the hegemony of colonialism. No longerdefending the colonized, but refining the workings of the colonial machinery.

From Culturazing Nature to Naturalizing Culture: The Differing Function of Animal Imagery in Defining Bodies from Homer’s Odysseus to Margaret Atwood’s The Penelopiad

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Begüm Tuğlu
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Male Voice ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Animal Imagery ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of

Feminist authors have long been trying to alter the patriarchal structure of the Western society through different aspects. One of these aspects, if not the strongest, is the struggle to overcome centuries long dominance of male authors who have created a masculine history, culture and literature. As recent works of women authors reveal, the strongest possibility of actually achieving an equalitarian society lies beneath the chance of rewriting the history of Western literature. Since the history of Western literature relies on dichotomies that are reminiscences of modernity, the solution to overcome the inequality between the two sexes seems to be to rewrite the primary sources that have influenced the cultural heritage of literature itself. The most dominant dichotomies that shape this literary heritage are represented through the bonds between the concepts of women/man and nature/culture. As one of the most influential epics that depict these dichotomies, Homer's Odysseus reveals how poetry strengthens the authority of the male voice. In order to define the ideal "man", Homer uses a wide scope of animal imagery while forming the identities of male characters. Margaret Atwood, on the other hand, is not contended with Homer's poem in that it never narrates the story from the side of women. As a revisionist mythmaker, Atwood takes the famous story of Odysseus, yet this time presents it from the perspective of Penelope, simultaneously playing on the animal imagery. Within this frame, I intend to explore in this paper how the animal imagery in Homer's most renowned Odysseus functions as a reinforcing tool in the creation of masculine identities and how Margaret Atwood's The Penelopiad defies this formation of identities with the aim of narrating the story from the unheard side, that of the women who are eminently present yet never heard.

scholarly journals Remix in the age of ubiquitous remix

2021 ◽  
pp. 135485652199445
Author(s):  
Abby S. Waysdorf
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
History Of ◽  
Accepted Part ◽  
The Media ◽  
Contemporary Media ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Way

What is remix today? No longer a controversy, no longer a buzzword, remix is both everywhere and nowhere in contemporary media. This article examines this situation, looking at what remix now means when it is, for the most part, just an accepted part of the media landscape. I argue that remix should be looked at from an ethnographic point of view, focused on how and why remixes are used. To that end, this article identifies three ways of conceptualizing remix, based on intention rather than content: the aesthetic, communicative, and conceptual forms. It explores the history of (talking about) remix, looking at the tension between seeing remix as a form of art and remix as a mode of ‘talking back’ to the media, and how those tensions can be resolved in looking at the different ways remix originated. Finally, it addresses what ubiquitous remix might mean for the way we think about archival material, and the challenges this brings for archives themselves. In this way, this article updates the study of remix for a time when remix is everywhere.

THE ROLE OF URBAN AESTHETICS ON ENHANCING VITALITY OF URBAN SPACES

2021 ◽  
pp. xx-xx
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Aesthetic Design ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
The Aesthetic

Several scholars have focused on the different approaches in designing convivial urban spaces, but literary evidence shows that the essence of aesthetic design in public urban spaces, by referring to the main dimensions involved in the shaping of urban vitality, has not been adequately researched. In this regard, this study, by hypothesizing that the quality of urban design leads to a vital urban environment, focuses on urban vitality from the aesthetic point of view. Thus, in using qualitative grounded theory as a main methodological tool and using a systematic review of the related literature as the main induction approach for collecting qualitative data, five main dimensions of urban vitality, which are necessary to attain a correlation with the aesthetic quality of urban design, were conceptualized. The study concludes that the aesthetic design of an urban setting has a direct effect on the active involvement of its users and that this, therefore, has a direct consequence on the level of public urban vitality, manifested. Integrating the complexity theory with the five main dimensions used for assessing urban vitality was suggested as a viable area for further research.

scholarly journals THE BODY IN THE HISTORY OF WESTERN EUROPEAN AND RUSSIAN THEATRE: CULTURAL VARIABILITY OF SHAME

Articult ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Leila F. Salimova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethical Aspect ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Considerable Body

Modern scientific knowledge approaches the study of the physical and aesthetic bodies with a considerable body of texts. However, on the territory of the theater, the body is still considered exclusively from the point of view of the actor's artistic tools. Theatrical physicality and the character of physical empathy in the theater are not limited to the boundaries of the performing arts, but exist in close relationship with the visual and empirical experience of the spectator, performer, and director. The aesthetic and ethical aspect of the attitude to the body in the history of theatrical art has repeatedly changed, including under the influence of changing cultural criteria of "shameful". The culmination of the demarcation of theatrical shame, it would seem, should be an act of pure art, independent of the moral restrictions of society. However, the experiments of modern theater continue to face archaic ethical views. The article attempts to understand the cultural variability of such a phenomenon as shame in its historical and cultural extent using examples from theater art from antiquity to the present day.

scholarly journals MYSTERY AS A META-GENRE IN THE DRAMA OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
K. Oliinyk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World Order ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
General Feeling ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines the specificity of existence of the renewed mystery genre as a meta genre in the twentieth century. The main literary study views on the definition of ancient and medieval / Christian ritual mystery are analyzed. The beginning of the twentieth century was full of a general feeling of catastrophe and tragic hopelessness. In artistic terms, the consequence of this was the activation of Christian issues, motives, plots, religious genres (miracles, morality and mystery). The most universal from the point of view of the ideological message and content for the writers of the twentieth century. was the matrix of the medieval mystery, which retained the ritual basis in its primary structure. This made it possible for the multilevel organization of the action and the space for it. The genre of medieval mystery is being modified, it ceases to be a purely form of religious action and acquires the quality of a meta genre. There is a transition from the religious sphere to the secular one, and the aesthetic one is replacing the didactic load. Mystery begins to exist on the edge of genres as a synthetic formation, showing intentions to “help” other genres. A large number of dramatic works of the twentieth century. ("Forest Song" by Lesia Ukrainka, "Iconostasis of Ukraine" by Vіra Vovk) comes close to the mystery, using its archetypal components: the ideas of faith in the absolute beginning, governing the eternal rotation of life and death, world order and harmony, death and rebirth, transformations of the human soul, chosenness and initiation associated with trials, sacrifice, deepening into mysticism. Such works are a certain imitation with elements of mythological or religious subjects. So, the twentieth century, actualizes a certain involvement of the semantic content of dramas to the mysteries, bringing the mystery to the level of the meta genre.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document