scholarly journals NEW KNOWLEDGE ABOUT POLYAMIDE FILAMENT DYEING WITH ANIONIC DYE

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-770
Author(s):  
Milena Nikodijevic ◽  
Nemanja Vuckovic ◽  
Miodrag Smelcerovic ◽  
Dragan Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Anionic Dye ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Time Regime ◽  
Temperature Time

The new knowledge through a concrete scientific study of the dyeing process of polyamide filament yarns (nylon yarn) with anionic dye in slightly acidic medium without any other additives (electrolyte, yeast, equalizer, etc.) in order to transfer the process in industrial conditions have investigated in this study. Generally, polyamide fibers (nylon, PA) have a different but similar chemical composition, depending on the base materials used for their synthesis. Anionic dye is usually used for dyeing cellulosic materials, but in special cases it can also be used for dyeing other textile raw materials. In this study, samples of polyamide filament yarn of linear density of 151 Nm have dyed with anionic dye at a temperature of 95 °C. Acetic acid was added in the dyeing solution to adjust the pH of the medium. The used dye is marked like C.I. Direct Red 1. The used dye concentrations for dyeing the samples were 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/dm3, while the time of the dyeing process were 5, 10, 15, 25 and 40 minutes. At the end of dyeing, the absorbance measuring at the maximum wavelength (520 nm) was performed using a spectrophotometer (Cary 100 Conc UV-VIS, Varian). From the results, the degree of exhaustion dye and the amount adsorbed dye are obtained. The degree of dye exhaustion compared to initial dye concentration for different dyeing time, after 40 min was 70 %. The influence of the contact length between adsorbate (dye) and absorbent (polyamide yarn) on dye is evident i.e. a longer time contributes to a bigger degree of exhaustion. Changing the adsorbed amount of adsorbate on the adsorbent for different initial concentrations and dyeing time shows continuity in changes during initial concentration and time growth, i.e. a bigger amount of dye in the solution or longer dyeing time cause a bigger amount of adsorbed dye per unit mass of the adsorbent. Isotherms of adsorption are of big importance for the study of the dyeing process, so more of them were used in this study, but thee isothermal Halsey model was the most effective for clarifying process of dyeing. High functionality of the variables was detected with Halsey model (coefficient of determination=0,995). The process of dyeing polyamides with used dye solves the problem of large quantities of electrolytes and surfactants in wastewater after dyeing. The results show that the addition of acetic acid in solution, gives a bigger dye adsorption to the fiber. For better results, it is necessary to carefully select to the appropriate of the bath (appropriate acid, mineral-organic, some additives, etc.), the temperature-time regime od dyeing process, as well as the dyeing stage itself. For better results, it is necessary to carefully select the appropriate composition of the bath (appropriate acid, mineral-organic, some additives, etc.), the temperature-time regime of the dyeing process, as well as the dyeing phase.

scholarly journals STUDYING THE POSSIBILITY OF USING COLEMANIT TO OBTAIN ENAMELS ON STEEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
N. Bondarenko ◽  
Z. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Optical Glasses ◽  
Reflow Temperature ◽  
Electric Oven ◽  
Time Regime ◽  
Temperature Time

The practical use of boron and its compounds is extremely diverse due to its different properties. About 55 % of boron raw materials are consumed by the glass and ceramic industries for the manufacture of optical glasses, heat-insulating glass fibers, acid-resistant and refractory products, enamels, glazes, porcelain, etc. The paper considers the possibility of using colemanite to obtain enamel over steel. The optimal temperature-time regime of firing has been developed to obtain a high-quality coating and achieve the desired effect. It has been established that colemanite can partially replace cover enamel drill. On the basis of the studies carried out, it was found that the obtained experimental enamel is more refractory than the ESP-210 enamel. The optimal firing temperature for the experimental coating was established – 950 ° С, for the ESP-210 coating – 825 ° С. For uniform reflow of the experimental coating, a temperature is required that exceeds the reflow temperature of ESP-210 by 125 ° C. Colemanite-containing batch was cooked. Cooking was carried out in an electric oven at 1300 ° C for 5 hours. For further research, a slip was prepared from the experimental enamel and applied by pouring onto the plates

scholarly journals Ultrasound-irradiated synthesis of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane-modified hydroxyapatite derived from fish-scale residues followed by ultrasound-assisted organic dyes removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phitchan Sricharoen ◽  
Supalak Kongsri ◽  
Chunyapuk Kukusamude ◽  
Yonrapach Areerob ◽  
Prawit Nuengmatcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Fish Scale ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

AbstractWe report a novel method for the synthesis of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane-modified hydroxyapatite (FHAP-SH) derived from fish-scale residues by using ultrasound irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used for the FHAP-SH characterization. Then, the organic dye adsorption on the FHAP-SH was monitored through an ultrasound process. After the dye removal optimization, significant improvements were observed in the maximum adsorption capacities for Congo Red (CR, 500 mg g−1), Coomassie Brilliant Blue G 250 (CB, 235 mg g−1), and Malachite Green (MG, 625 mg g−1). The adsorption behaviors of these dyes were fitted by using the Langmuir isotherm model with a high coefficient of determination values ranging from 0.9985 to 0.9969. The adsorption of the three dyes onto FHAP-SH was an endothermic process based on the adsorption thermodynamics model, while the adsorption kinetics analysis of the dyes presented a good alignment with the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The FHAP-SH exhibits a remarkably high adsorption capacity, is inexpensive, and fulfills the ecofriendly requirements of dye wastewater treatment, especially in the textile industry.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Porous Chitosan Sponges as Robust and Recyclable Adsorbents for Anionic Dye Adsorption

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Wang ◽  
Yifei Ma ◽  
Yan Sun ◽  
Sung Yong Hong ◽  
Stephanie K. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Anionic Dye ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Porous Chitosan

Optimal Temperature–Time Regime for Slag-Foam Glass Synthesis Determined by Mathematical Modeling

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 429-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Grushko ◽  
E. A. Yatsenko ◽  
A. P. Zubekhin ◽  
V. S. Puzin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Time Regime ◽  
Temperature Time

scholarly journals Intensification of the extraction process of phenolic compounds from Acorus calamus leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Oleksiy Andryushayev ◽  
Olena Ruban ◽  
Yuliia Maslii ◽  
Inna Rusak
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Action ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Method Of Extraction ◽  
Temperature Time

The aim. To determine the intensified method of extraction of phenolic compounds from Acorus calamus leaves and optimal conditions for the process. Materials and methods. In order to develop the optimal intensified method of extraction samples were prepared in different conditions of raw materials-extractant ratio, temperature, time and multiplicity. As a raw materials spectrophotometrically pre-standardized Acorus calamus leaves were used. The extraction was carried out in a hermetically sealed ultrasonic extraction reactor PEX 1 (REUS, Contes, France). As the criteria of extraction efficiency were indicators of dry residue and total amount of flavonoids determined using methods described in State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The amount of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically on a certified device Specord 200 (Analytik Jena, Germany). Results. According to our research results it was found that ultrasonic action and addition of surfactant significantly improves the efficiency of the extraction process. The optimal conditions for the process were determined. Experimentally proved that the rational raw material-extractant ratio is 1:15. Comparative study of the extraction process with different temperatures showed that the highest amount of extractives is achieved at temperature 70 °C and 45 min of duration. The optimal extraction multiplicity is 3. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the intensified extraction method for Acorus calamus leaves – re-maceration with ultrasound – was established. The conducted researches allowed to develop the method of extraction, expedient in the conditions of the modern pharmaceutical industry.

Comparison of the use of total phosphorus concentration and acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentration in petioles for assessing the phosphorus status of potato crops

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
KA Potocky-Pacay ◽  
CMJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Potato Crops

We studied the effect of rate of applied phosphorus on total phosphorus concentration (17 sites) and acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentration (12 sites) in petioles of youngest fully expanded leaves of potatoes (cvv. Kennebec, Coliban and Exton) when their largest tubers were 5-10 mm long. We showed that the internal requirements for phosphorus are similar for the cvv. Kennebec and Coliban. Taken over all sites, mean total phosphorus concentrations and acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.22 to 0.84% and 0.10 to 0.63%, respectively depending on phosphorus supply. For each site a coefficient of determination (r2) was calculated based on the mean total phosphorus concentration versus acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentration data for all treatments. The r2 values varied from 0.969 (site 14) to 0.997 (site 17). On the pooled data for all sites, the Cate-Nelson separation and the Mitscherlich and Smith-Dolby bent-hyperbola models were used to investigate the correlations between relative yield [(mean treatment yields/maximum treatment yie1d)x 100] and total phosphorus concentration (n = 16 1, 17 sites) and acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentration (n = 112, 12 sites) and to calculate the critical values. Depending on the model fitted the critical total phosphorus concentrations varied from 0.41 (r2 = 0.62) to 0.53% (r2 = 0.72). The critical acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentrations varied from 0.29 (r2 = 0.62) to 0.52% (r2 = 0.72). Critical concentration ranges of 0.41-0-53% for total phosphorus and 0.29-0.52% for acetic acid soluble phosphorus have been proposed to assist in the assessment of the phosphorus status of irrigated potato crops in South Australia. Based on sensitivity, reproducibility and sharpness of the transition zone between adequacy and deficiency we found no advantage in determining acetic acid soluble phosphorus concentration rather than total phosphorus concentration to assess the phosphorus status of potato plants.

Temperature Dependence of LiMn2O4 Prepared by a Solution Combustion Synthesis in the System of Acetate Salts and Acetic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 465-468
Author(s):  
Li Li Zhang ◽  
Gui Yang Liu ◽  
Jun Ming Guo ◽  
Bao Sen Wang ◽  
Ying He
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Metal Foil ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Acid Ratio

Spinel LiMn2O4 have been prepared by the solution combustion synthesis method using acetate salts as raw materials and acetic acid as fuel. The phase compositions of the as-prepared products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the products was tested by using a coin-type half battery versus lithium metal foil as anode material. XRD results suggested that the purities of the products prepared at 500oC are higher than these of the products prepared at 600oC. For the products prepared at 500oC, the purities of the products increase with increasing acetic acid ratios. But for the products prepared at 600oC, the purities of the products decrease with increasing acetic acid ratios. The performance tests indicated that the electrochemical performances of the products prepared at 500oC are better than these of the products prepared at 600oC. The product prepared at 500oC with the acetic acid ratio of 1.0 gets the best performance. The initial capacity of it reaches to 124.8mAh/g at the current density of 75mA/g, and after 50 cycles, the capacity retention is 93.7%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document