scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT AND NEEDLE COLOR OF Abies religiosa KUNTH, SCHLTDL. et CHAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Aglaen L. Carbajal-Navarro ◽  
Fernando Pineda-García ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero ◽  
Arnulfo Blanco-García ◽  
Mariela Gómez-Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Environmental Response ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Visual Stress ◽  
Abies Religiosa ◽  
Relationship Of

Evaluation of the physiological performance of plants as an environmental response is crucial to understand the ecological succession in plant communities and to implement strategies that increase plant survival and growth for restoration efforts and commercial plantations; however, evaluating plant physiology often requires complex and expensive technical equipment not normally accessible to all researchers and non-specialized people. In the present study, we explored the relationship of the visual condition of the needles with an indicator of their photosynthetic capacity related to chlorophyll content in Abies religiosa. A visual stress index was developed to evaluatethe response to environmental stress in seedlings of A. religiosa during a reforestation effort, and the correlation between leaf chlorophyll content and different categories of the stress index. The replicability of the index was also tested to determine its applicability by non-specialized people. A high correlation was detected between the index and chlorophyll concentration (r2 = 0.76; P < 0.0001). Additionally, there was a significant agreement on the index among several observers (W = 0.95; P < 0.0001). Overall, the stress index is related the physiological condition of the plants and can be adopted by people, after training, to make evaluations of the physiological status of A. religiosa seedlings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of SPAD and LCC based nitrogen management in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sh Islam ◽  
MSU Bhuiya ◽  
S Rahman ◽  
MM Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

A study was conducted during Boro and T. Aman seasons of 2002 at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur to see the relationship of SPAD (Soil plant analysis development) reading with chlorophyll and N contents of leaves and to determine the critical LCC value for rice crops. Hybrid varieties Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI hybrid dhan0l were used for both rice crops and BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan31 were used as checks for Boro and T. Aman crops, respectively. Sonarbangla-1, BRRI hybrid dhan0l and BRRI dhan29 had similar leaf chlorophyll contents in Boro season. The maximum chlorophyll content (1.6-1.8 mg/g leaf) was observed at 39-42 soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value. In T. Aman season, the inbred BRRI dhan3l showed lower amount of chlorophyll (1.2-1.4 mg/g leaf) at 39-42 SPAD value compared to the hybrids Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI hybrid dhan 0l. Seasonal variation in chlorophyll content between Sonarbangla-1 and BRRI hybrid dhan0l was not large. Relationship between SPAD value and chlorophyll content was very close (R2 =>0.8) at panicle initiation and flower initiation stages for all the varieties. Similar relationship was also observed in case of SPAD value and nitrogen content in leaves. The results indicated that the rice leaves showing higher SPAD readings (>35) had higher chlorophyll and nitrogen contents. The adjusted critical LCC values were 3.0 for Boro and 3.5 for T. Aman seasons for all rice varieties. Key Words: Chlorophyll; nitrogen.DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5841Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 661-672, December 2009

Effect of different physiological traits on grain yield in barley grown under irrigated and terminal water deficit conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GONZÁLEZ ◽  
V. BERMEJO ◽  
B. S. GIMENO
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYDrought is the main factor limiting the productivity of crops in Mediterranean areas. The introduction of physiological traits into crops that improve their tolerance to drought is necessary if yields under these conditions are to be efficiently improved. The effect of drought on different gas exchange variables, i.e. net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl), and the relationship of these variables with yield were studied in 12 barley genotypes grown under irrigated and terminal drought conditions. The variable most sensitive to water deficit was gs (mean reduction 43% with respect to control conditions), followed by A (mean reduction 34%). The mean reduction of yield by terminal drought was 27%. A significant correlation was seen between these physiological traits and yield. The effect of water deficit on A, gs and Chl was smaller in the breeding lines than in the traditional varieties assayed, in agreement with the results found for yield. These results suggest a potential indirect selection of physiological characteristics in these breeding lines that allow greater tolerance to drought. The response of the different genotypes examined was not homogeneous across all the variables analysed. This variability is important in programmes aiming to obtain drought-tolerant genotypes via the optimization of traits such as those above.

scholarly journals Assessment of Leaf Chlorophyll Content Models for Winter Wheat Using Landsat-8 Multispectral Remote Sensing Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2574
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Zhou ◽  
Jingcheng Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Chen ◽  
Yanbo Huang ◽  
Weiping Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Lookup Table ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

The leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is a critical index to characterize crop growth conditions, photosynthetic capacity, and physiological status. Its dynamic change characteristics are of great significance for monitoring crop growth conditions and understanding the process of material and energy exchange between crops and the environment. Extensive research has focused on LCC retrieval with hyperspectral data onboard various sensor platforms. Nevertheless, limited attention has been paid to LCC inversion from multispectral data, such as the data from Landsat-8, and the potentials and capabilities of the data for crop LCC estimation have not been fully explored. The present study made use of Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) imagery and the corresponding field experimental data to evaluate their capabilities and potentials for LCC modeling using four different retrieval methods: vegetation indices (VIs), machine learning regression algorithms (MLRAs), lookup-table (LUT)-based inversion, and hybrid regression approaches. The results showed that the modified triangular vegetation index (MTVI2) exhibited the best estimate accuracy for LCC retrieval with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.99 μg/cm2 and a relative RMSE (RRMSE) of 10.49%. Several other vegetation indices that were established from red and near-infrared (NIR) bands also exhibited good accuracy. Models established from Gaussian process regression (GPR) achieved the highest accuracy for LCC retrieval (RMSE = 5.50 μg/cm2, RRMSE = 9.62%) compared with other MLRAs. Moreover, red and NIR bands outweighed other bands in terms of GPR modelling. LUT-based inversion methods with the “K(x) = −log (x) + x” cost function that belongs to the “minimum contrast estimates” family showed the best estimation results (RMSE = 8.08 μg/cm2, RRMSE = 14.14%), and the addition of multiple solution regularization strategies effectively improved the inversion accuracy. For hybrid regression methods, the use of active learning (AL) techniques together with GPR for LCC modelling significantly increased the estimation accuracy, and the combination of entropy query by bagging (EQB) AL and GPR had the best accuracy for LCC estimation (RMSE = 12.43 μg/cm2, RRMSE = 21.77%). Overall, our study suggest that Landsat-8 OLI data are suitable for crop LCC retrieval and could provide a basis for LCC estimation with similar multispectral datasets.

scholarly journals CORRELATIONS OF CITRUS LEAF CHLOROPHYLL WITH LEAF MINERAL CONTENT

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 669c-669
Author(s):  
Robert E. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Meter ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Citrus Leaves ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Minolta chlorophyll meter SPAD-502 (Minolta Camera Company, 101 Williams Drive, NJ 07446, USA) has been found to be a quick, accurate, simple, and nondestructive way to determine chlorophyll content in citrus leaves and a standard curve had been developed. The SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter was used to measure chlorophyll content in citrus leaves of ten varieties on three rootstocks. Leaf mineral analysis was then determined on these leaves for N, P, K, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Ca. Correlation r values were generally low and not significant for most nutrient elements but were highest for Fe and Ca. The relationship of leaf nutrient levels and chlorophyll meter readings are not understood. The usefulness of the SPAD chlorophyll meter for determining mineral content in citrus leaves is not yet known.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Chlorophyll Concentration in Sorghum Using Three High Throughput Phenotyping Imaging Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichun Zhang ◽  
Yufeng Ge ◽  
Xinyan Xie ◽  
Abbas Atefi ◽  
Nuwan Wijewardane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
High Throughput Imaging

Abstract BackgroundLeaf chlorophyll content plays an important role in indicating plant stresses and nutrient status. Traditional approaches for the quantification of chlorophyll content mainly include acetone ethanol extraction, spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Such destructive methods based on laboratory procedures are time consuming, expensive, and not suitable for high-throughput phenotyping. High throughput imaging techniques are now widely used for nondestructive analysis of plant phenotypic traits. In this study three imaging modules, namely, RGB, hyperspectral, and fluorescence imaging, were used to estimate chlorophyll content of sorghum plants in a greenhouse environment. Color features, spectral indices, and chlorophyll fluorescence intensity were extracted from these three types of images, and regression models were built to predict leaf chlorophyll content (measured by a handheld leaf chlorophyll meter) from the image features. ResultsModels that included two additional variables, DAS (day after sowing) and SLW (specific leaf weight), were also investigated to improve the prediction of chlorophyll. R2 for chlorophyll concentration for multiple linear models at various color components were 0.77 for R, 0.79 for G, 0.70 for B. To obtain additional spectral information, color component H, S, and I were calculated after color spaces being transformed. The result of HSI space showed that R2 for chlorophyll concentration for multiple linear models were 0.67 for H, 0.88 for S, 0.77 for I. The R2 values for different hyperspectral index like the ratio vegetation index (RVI), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), modified chlorophyll absorption ratio index (MCARI) between 0.77 and 0.78. R2=0.79 was obtained with fluorescence image. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to using the selected vegetation indices computed from different imaging data to estimate the chlorophyll concentration for sorghum plants. Among all the imaging data, chlorophyll content was predicted with high accuracy (R2 from 0.84 to 2.92, RPD from 2.49 to 3.58). ConclusionAccording to the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) error function, the model was better fitted based on images, DAS and SLW than that based on images and DAS. This study indicated that the accuracy for chlorophyll estimation was increased by the image traits combined with DAS and SLW. High throughput imaging provides a simple, rapid, and nondestructive method to estimate the leaf chlorophyll concentration.

Detection of Heterodera schachtii infestation in sugar beet by means of laser-induced and pulse amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence

Nematology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kiewnick ◽  
Walter Kühbauch ◽  
Astrid Schmitz ◽  
Iryna Tartachnyk ◽  
Richard Sikora
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Linear Discrimination ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll

AbstractTwo glasshouse experiments with sugar beet cvs Penta and Macarena inoculated, respectively, with 0 or 1500 and 0, 500, 1000 or 1500 juveniles of Heterodera schachtii, were conducted to estimate the capability of laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LIF) and pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence techniques to detect H. schachtii infestation and to differentiate between infestation levels. Fluorescence and gas exchange parameters, nitrogen and chlorophyll content of sugar beet leaves were measured weekly after nematode inoculation. Sugar beet plants responded to H. schachtii infestation initially with a decrease in photosynthesis rate and later with a reduction in nitrogen uptake and chlorophyll concentration. At the early stages of nematode infestation, before visual symptoms were evident, infested sugar beet plants displayed increased fluorescence (F680, F740). Later stages of infection were accompanied by an increase in the F686/F740 ratio, ground fluorescence (Fo) and a decrease in photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) induced by degradation of leaf chlorophyll. Sugar beet plants infested with 500, 1000 or 1500 juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil did not differ either in their nitrogen and chlorophyll content or in photosynthesis and transpiration rate. The linear discrimination analysis based on the combination of PAM and LIF parameters resulted in 100% correct classification of control plants and high classification rates (60-100%) of the infested treatments on all the sampling dates. Whether the fluorescence technique will differentiate nematode densities under field conditions needs further study.

scholarly journals Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Chlorophyll Content in the Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
C. Azigwe ◽  
P. A. D. Zoryeku ◽  
I. K. Asante ◽  
F. Oppong-Adjei
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Cowpea Seeds

The experiment was conducted to study the mutagenic effect of gamma rays on chlorophyll content at three different physiological stages in the cowpea: pre-flowering, flowering and post-flowering. Five sets of cowpea seeds were subjected to individual doses of gamma rays: 400 Gy, 450 Gy, 500 Gy, 600 Gy and 0 Gy. The seeds were sown to raise the M1 generation. The M1 generation seeds were collected and sown in the next season to raise the M2 generation. Leaf chlorophyll content was measured for M2 generation plants. Mean chlorophyll content for pre-flowering stage ranged between 38.9 ± 8.17 (control) and 64.2 ± 6.16 (400 Gy). Flowering stage mean chlorophyll content ranged from 48.3 ± 14.4 (600 Gy) to 99.4 ± 6.22 (450 Gy). Post-harvest chlorophyll mean content ranged between 13.1 ±0.98 (600 Gy) and 38.0 ±1.90 (400 Gy). There were significant differences in treatment effects for pre-flowering (P = 0.021), flowering (P = 0.005) and harvest (P = 0.000). At pre-flowering treatment, treatment 400 Gy scored a significant increase of 64 percent (P = 0.02) above the control. The optimum dose for useful induced mutation for increases in chlorophyll concentration in the cowpea was 400 Gy.

scholarly journals Changes of relative chlorophyll content at maize smut inoculated hybrids

2017 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Dóra Frommer ◽  
László Radócz ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Maize Smut ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

The leaf chlorophyll content analysis is important for several reasons. The natural or anthropogenic stressors directly effect on the chlorophyll content. Through the measurement of the chlorophyll content it is possible to obtain data concerning the physiological status of the plant, moreover the chlorophyll content is closely related to the nitrogen content, so it is linked to photosynthesis and the photosynthetic activity which determine biomass production.One of the most common symptoms of plant diseases is the larger and smaller interveinal chlorotic areas. These might be local, or expand to the whole plant. There are multiply reasons of chlorosis such as reduction of chlorophyll content, unfavorable effects on the chlorophyll content,disorders regarding function of chloroplasts or ultimately destruction of the chloroplasts. Although such a chlorotic deviancy can contribute to significant losses in photosynthesis; however the underperformance photosynthesis of the sick plants is a more complex process.As we unambiguously experienced during our investigations on common smut that the infected maize plants most common accompanying symptom was chlorosis on the leaves, so it is especially important to examine how the infection influenced on the chlorophyll content of different hybrids.

Known Hepatoprotectors Act as Antioxidants and Immune Stimulators in Stressed Mice: Perspectives in Animal Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (40) ◽  
pp. 4825-4837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alberto de la Riva ◽  
Francisco Javier López Mendoza ◽  
Guillermin Agüero-Chapin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidases ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Exogenous Compounds ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: Oxygen is involved in a variety of physiological reactions in aerobic organisms, such as those produced in the electron transport chain, hydroxylation, and oxygenation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are naturally formed as byproducts from these previously reactions involving the O2 molecule; they are made up of superoxide anion (O2−), hydroxyl radical (HO−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), peroxyl (ROO−), and reactive aldehyde (ROCH). Under certain environmental stress conditions, ROS are accumulated causing cellular damage but also triggering the overexpression of several enzyme classes such as superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx), which represent an important intrinsic antioxidant defence line. Liver is a key organ in vertebrates including farm animals and human. The oxidative stress plays an important role in systemic malfunctions including hepatic, renal and immunological, disorders. Methods: This review presents a brief update about the relationship of oxidative stress with hepatic, renal and immunological malfunctions in stressed organisms. Cellular and exogenous hepatoprotective compounds share also the ability to scavenge ROS acting as antioxidants and in many cases as stimulators of immune response in stressed organisms. We present the effect of some hepatoprotectors on the hepatic, renal and immunological function in stressed mice by the jointed evaluation of biological and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: Hepatoprotective effect of several exogenous compounds is very associated with their antioxidant capacity. This fact is relevant for keeping oxidant/antioxidant balance in the respective organs, but also for maintaining the physiological status of the whole organism.

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