scholarly journals Ship concept for cleaning the navigable inland water of floating debris

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Anca Bleoju ◽  
Alin Pohilca ◽  
Daniela-Ioana Tudose ◽  
Costel Iulian Mocanu
Keyword(s):  
Wave Front ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Passenger Ships

Rivers like the Danube crossing many countries gather floating debris. These countless times block locks, access roads to ports, access walkways on the berths of passenger ships and more. The paper presents the studies carried out in order to design a ship for the collection of these floating debris. Several variants have been chosen, of which one will be presented that is optimal from the point of view of the propulsion installation and especially of the wave front that it produces during the operation of waste collection and navigation to the place of unloading. In order to optimize the shapes of the ship, the NUMECA calculation program was used. It provides important data on the wavefront produced by the ship.

scholarly journals Communicating Without Conventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-27
Author(s):  
Michael Tomasello
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Shared Intentionality ◽  
Psychological Point

For obvious and very good reasons the study of human communication is dominated by the study of language. But from a psychological point of view, the basic structure of human communication – how it works pragmatically in terms of the intentions and inferences involved - is totally independent of language. The most important data here are acts of human communication that do not employ conventions. In situations in which language is for some reason not an option, people often produce spontaneous, non-conventionalized gestures, including most prominently pointing (deictic gestures) and pantomiming (iconic gestures). These gestures are universal among humans and unique to the species, and in human evolution they almost certainly preceded conventional communication, either signed or vocal. For prelinguistic infants to communicate effectively via pointing and pantomiming, they must already possess species-unique and very powerful skills and motivations for shared intentionality as pragmatic infrastructure. Conventional communication is then built on top of this infrastructure - or so I will argue.

scholarly journals On the alternative approaches to stability analysis in decision support for damaged passenger ships

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Ruponen ◽  
Petri Pennanen ◽  
Teemu Manderbacka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Damage Stability ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A decision support system with damage stability analysis has been recognized as an important tool for passenger ships. Various software applications have been developed and taken into use over the years, without a direct link to any compelling requirement, set forth in the international regulatory framework. After the Costa Concordia accident, new regulations have been established, setting minimum requirements for a decision support system, as an extension to a loading computer. Yet, more advanced systems have been developed recently, aiming at providing valuable additional information on the predicted development of the stability of the damaged ship. This paper presents these alternative decision support systems with damage stability analysis methods for flooding emergencies on passenger ships. The technical background, usability, and usefulness of the various approaches are compared and discussed, taking into account the important statutory approval point of view. In addition, practical examples, including past accidents, are presented and discussed.

Risk Age of Passenger Ships Based on Port State Control Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 2939-2943
Author(s):  
Mo Lin Sun ◽  
Zhong Yi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
State Control ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Passenger Ship ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Port State Control

In order to understand the relationship between passenger ship age and risk condition of the passenger ship deeper, the concept of ship risk age is proposed based on the passenger ships’ data in port state control referring to the concept of physiological age from the physiological point of view. The risk evaluation index system of passenger ships is built and low risk passenger ships’ information are obtained based on the Paris-MOU risk evaluation model by cluster analysis of K-means under the general classification principle’s guidance. Risk age of passenger ships is estimated by regression analysis of the ship actual age and risk evaluation indexes through ε-SVR regression model, which provides a thought and basis for the management of old ships.

scholarly journals THE TERRITORIAL SCHEME OF WASTE MANAGEMENT AS A REGULATORY INSTRUMENT FOR THE FORMATION OF A SEPARATE WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
O.P. Druzhakina
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
Waste Separation

The issues of application of the Territorial scheme of waste management in the Udmurt Republic and legal regulation in the field of municipal waste management from the position of forming a system of separate waste collection are considered. The main focus is on the regulatory and management mechanism for the application of the Territorial scheme from the point of view of the formation of waste processing infrastructure, their use as secondary raw materials and the introduction of waste separation collection. The article analyzes the experience of various countries in minimizing the anthropogenic impact of waste and introducing separate collection with the extraction of secondary raw materials using legal methods. There are "gaps" in the practice of developing and implementing a Territorial scheme as a resource for creating an administrative and legal field for separate waste collection and from the point of view of attracting the processor, as well as from the point of view of forming the ecological culture of the population. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations are made on the need to include in the points and sections of the scheme, on the example of the Udmurt Republic, mechanisms for implementing separate waste collection, forming an environmental culture of the population and attracting processors as active participants in the MSW management system.

scholarly journals Design Requirements for New Food Delivery and Waste Collection System Onboard Commercial Transport Aircraft

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2207-2212
Keyword(s):  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Transport Aircraft ◽  
Public Survey ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Operating Mechanism

The objective of this paper is to identify the driving needs for an improved food delivery and waste collection system to be implemented onboard of the commercial passenger transport aircraft. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method has been applied to establish the design requirements from the point of view of the passengers and airlines. The collected data from conducted public survey and also interview sessions with the experts from the airlines are utilized to construct the House of Quality (HOQ). In short, it has been found that safety and cleanliness are the two top prioritized design requirements for a new food delivery and waste collection system. On the other hand, the type of carriage, overall profile of the system and also the operating mechanism used for the system are top technical design parameters that can influence the successful achievement of the design requirements. Findings from this study will be further utilized to generate design options for the improved food delivery and waste collection system.

scholarly journals A Chance-Constrained Vehicle Routing Problem for Wet Waste Collection and Transportation Considering Carbon Emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailin Wu ◽  
Fengming Tao ◽  
Qingqing Qiao ◽  
Mengjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chance Constrained Programming ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
The Government

In order to solve the optimization problem of wet waste collection and transportation in Chinese cities, this paper constructs a chance-constrained low-carbon vehicle routing problem (CCLCVRP) model in waste management system and applies certain algorithms to solve the model. Considering the environmental protection point of view, the CCLCVRP model combines carbon emission costs with traditional waste management costs under the scenario of application of smart bins. Taking into the uncertainty of the waste generation rate, chance-constrained programming is applied to transform the uncertain model to a certain one. The initial optimal solution of this model is obtained by a proposed hybrid algorithm, that is, particle swarm optimization (PSO); and then the further optimized solution is obtained by simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, due to its global optimization capability. The effectiveness of PSOSA algorithm is verified by the classic database in a capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). What’s more, a case of waste collection and transportation is applied in the model for acquiring reliable conclusions, and the application of the model is tested by setting different waste fill levels (WFLs) and credibility levels. The results show that total costs rise with the increase of credibility level reflecting dispatcher’s risk preference; the WFL value range between 0.65 and 0.75 can obtain the optimal solution under different credibility levels. Finally, according to these results, some constructive proposals are propounded for the government and the logistics organization dealing with waste collection and transportation.

scholarly journals Intact Stability of Historic Passenger Ships in Light of the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (A1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
I Bačkalov ◽  
S Rudaković ◽  
M Cvijović
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Dead Ship Condition

The paper examines the intact stability of historic passenger ships from the point of view of the contemporary notion of the intact stability, i.e. the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC) framework. An intact stability assessment using the Vulnerability Level 2 calculation procedures of SGISC for the dead ship condition was performed on four ocean liners: RMS Titanic, RMS Queen Mary, SS United States and SS Michelangelo, and two cruise ships: MS Song of America and MS Costa Concordia. In addition, the intact stability of the selected ships was appraised using the present-day mandatory intact stability requirements contained in the 2008 Intact Stability Code. The selected ships are believed to be good representatives of the main trends in passenger ship design over a one-hundred-year span bounded by two well-known maritime catastrophes: the sinking of the Titanic in 1912 and the Costa Concordia disaster in 2012. The paper offers an insight into how major design changes have affected the intact stability properties of passenger ships over this period. It was found that the examined ocean liners would perform well in terms of intact stability in the dead ship condition even from the point of view of the SGISC. The analysis also confirmed the advantages of the approach using the SGISC framework over simplified, (semi)empirical stability assessment methods. By looking into the evolution of the intact stability of ocean liners and cruise ships from the contemporary perspective, the paper draws the conclusions which are considered useful for the design of future passenger ships.

scholarly journals Environmental Analysis of the Use of Liquefied Natural Gas in Maritime Transport within the Port Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11989
Author(s):  
Tomas Gil-Lopez ◽  
Amparo Verdu-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The City ◽  
Engine Type

Sustainable transport is gaining increasing importance in the political agenda. All modes of transport are obliged to reduce their emissions by both national and international governmental bodies, this requirement being even more necessary in the case of ports due to their traffic density and proximity to the city. The objective of this research is to estimate the atmospheric emissions generated during the operational phases, which are carried out close to Spanish ports. Due to its geographical position, Spain benefits from the routes of the Atlantic corridor and Mediterranean corridor belonging to the principal European transport network. The method uses detailed information about ship movements and ship categories (ship type, engine type, fuel type, etc.). From an environmental point of view, the results show that engines powered by Liquefied Natural Gas, compared to traditional fuels, save between 28% in the case of freight ships and 31% for passenger ships in the emission of CO2 into the atmosphere (52 tons per journey). On the other hand, the saving in NOx emissions is reduced by 87%. In addition, SOx emissions are completely eliminated and PM emissions are reduced to negligible values.

scholarly journals Collection of Waste from Passenger Ships and Its Impact on the Functioning of Tourist Port City Świnoujście

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2133
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Łapko ◽  
Ewa Hącia ◽  
Radosław Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Port City ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Passenger Ships

The aim of this study was to examine the issue of waste collection from passenger ships in tourist port cities using the example of Świnoujście, Poland. This is an important issue from the perspective of sustainable development, including that of tourism, because an improperly organized waste collection process may endanger the natural environment and disrupt the life of the local community. After the analysis of the types of waste generated on vessels, the means of transport used for their collection were identified with particular regard to those used at the seaport in Świnoujście, a tourist city. The selected waste quantities collected from ships in 2017–2019 were quantitatively analyzed. In addition, the number of waste collections was analyzed in the context of the number of vehicles involved in this process. The latter element is important in terms of impact on the port city’s transport system, which has a spa and tourist function.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

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