scholarly journals THE IMPACT GENERATED BY SARS-COV-2 VIRUS ON THE AIR QUALITY IN THE CONSTANTA PORT AREA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Vasile RATA ◽  
Angela IVAN ◽  
Liliana RUSU
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
The Impact

The effect that the shipping industry has on the air quality in the areas adjacent to the ports, where it carries out loading and unloading operations, it is already known. In the new global context generated by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the economy was affected. Due to the measures that many states have taken to limit the spread of this virus among people, the production activity has been stopped in many economic sectors and consequently, the freight industry by sea has also been affected. Measures that have been taken in the navigable sector in Romania are known, but also worldwide. In the perspective of reducing the density of ships in ports, the evolution of some parameters of air quality in the area of Constanta County will be followed. This evolution will be correlated with the evolution of the volume of port calls of international ships to the port services in the port of Constanta and presented in this study

scholarly journals The impact of ship emissions on air quality and human health in the Gothenburg area – Part II: Scenarios for 2040

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 10667-10686
Author(s):  
Martin O. P. Ramacher ◽  
Lin Tang ◽  
Jana Moldanová ◽  
Volker Matthias ◽  
Matthias Karl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Port Area ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Shipping is an important source of air pollutants, from the global to the local scale. Ships emit substantial amounts of sulfur dioxides, nitrogen dioxides, and particulate matter in the vicinity of coasts, threatening the health of the coastal population, especially in harbour cities. Reductions in emissions due to shipping have been targeted by several regulations. Nevertheless, effects of these regulations come into force with temporal delays, global ship traffic is expected to grow in the future, and other land-based anthropogenic emissions might decrease. Thus, it is necessary to investigate combined impacts to identify the impact of shipping activities on air quality, population exposure, and health effects in the future. We investigated the future effect of shipping emissions on air quality and related health effects considering different scenarios of the development of shipping under current regional trends of economic growth and already decided regulations in the Gothenburg urban area in 2040. Additionally, we investigated the impact of a large-scale implementation of shore electricity in the Port of Gothenburg. For this purpose, we established a one-way nested chemistry transport modelling (CTM) system from the global to the urban scale, to calculate pollutant concentrations, population-weighted concentrations, and health effects related to NO2, PM2.5, and O3. The simulated concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 in future scenarios for the year 2040 are in general very low with up to 4 ppb for NO2 and up to 3.5 µg m−3 PM2.5 in the urban areas which are not close to the port area. From 2012 the simulated overall exposure to PM2.5 decreased by approximately 30 % in simulated future scenarios; for NO2 the decrease was over 60 %. The simulated concentrations of O3 increased from the year 2012 to 2040 by about 20 %. In general, the contributions of local shipping emissions in 2040 focus on the harbour area but to some extent also influence the rest of the city domain. The simulated impact of onshore electricity implementation for shipping in 2040 shows reductions for NO2 in the port of up to 30 %, while increasing O3 of up to 3 %. Implementation of onshore electricity for ships at berth leads to additional local reduction potentials of up to 3 % for PM2.5 and 12 % for SO2 in the port area. All future scenarios show substantial decreases in population-weighted exposure and health-effect impacts.

scholarly journals Air and Seawater Quality Assessment Around Selected Area in Panjang Port Lampung Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 761-765
Author(s):  
Agus Salim ◽  
Nunung Isnaini Dwi Ningsih ◽  
Albertus Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Seawater Quality ◽  
Business District ◽  
The Impact

The port area is a diverse business district, both industry and other activities. Even though it is positioned far from residential areas, the impact of its activities indirectly still reaches the surrounding community. The environmental conditions of the port area need to be controlled routinely so that their management does not violate applicable regulations. Environmental management is needed so that risks arising from all activities can be controlled. Panjang Port as one of the well-developed fuel storage terminals as part of the Pelindo II region. This study has been designed to assess air quality and seawater quality around Panjang Port, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Several air quality parameters and marine water quality parameters were monitored from 2011 to 2013. The air quality sampling conducted in the fuel storage tank area and chemicals as well as supporting facilities. The air quality parameters are SO2, NO2, O3, CO, H2S, and dust. The results of data analysis showed several air quality parameters such as SO2, NO2, O3, dust, H2S, and NH3 are below the threshold of minimum quality standard. Only the CO parameter tends to increase semester to semester. The seawater quality parameters include physical, chemical, and biological quality. Almost the physical quality parameters are below the quality standard, thus the chemical quality too, except the pH and TSS tends to higher than a quality standard. In general, these studies on air quality and seawater quality at the Panjang Port have been carried out well and the results show that the environmental conditions for the Panjang Port area are still quite good, only it is recommended to add a green area around the site.

scholarly journals The impact of ship emissions on air quality and human health in the Gothenburg area – Part II: Scenarios for 2040

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin O. P. Ramacher ◽  
Lin Tang ◽  
Jana Moldanová ◽  
Volker Matthias ◽  
Matthias Karl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Port Area ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Shipping is an important source of air pollutants, from the global to the local scale. Ships are emitting substantial amounts of sulphur dioxides, nitrogen dioxides and particulate matter in the vicinity of coasts, threatening the health of the coastal population, especially in harbour cities. Reductions of emissions due to shipping have been targeted by several regulations. Nevertheless, effects of these regulations come into force with temporal delays, global ship traffic is expected to grow in the future, and other land-based anthropogenic emissions might decrease. Thus, it is necessary to investigate combined impacts to identify the impact of shipping activities on air quality, population exposure and health-effects in the future. We investigated the future effect of shipping emissions on air quality and related health effects considering different scenarios of the development of shipping under current regional trends of economic growth and already decided regulations in the Gothenburg urban area in 2040. Additionally, we investigated the impact of a large-scale implementation of shore electricity in the port of Gothenburg. For this purpose, we established a one-way nested chemistry transport modelling (CTM) system from the global to the urban scale, to calculate pollutant concentrations, population weighted concentrations and health-effects related to NO2, PM2.5 and O3. The simulated concentrations of NO2 and PM2.5 in future scenarios for the year 2040 are in general very low with up to 4 ppb for NO2 and up to 3.5 µg/m3 PM2.5 in the urban areas which are not close to the port area. From 2012 the simulated overall exposure to PM2.5 decreased by approximately 30 % in simulated future scenarios, for NO2 the decrease was over 60 %. The simulated concentrations of O3 increased from year 2012 to 2040 by about 20 %. In general, the contributions of local shipping emissions in 2040 focus on the harbour area but to some extent also influence the rest of the city domain. The simulated impact of wide use of shore-site electricity for shipping in 2040 shows reductions for NO2 in the port with up to 30 %, while increasing O3 of up to 3 %. Implementation of on-shore electricity for ships at berth leads to additional local reduction potentials of up to 3 % for PM2.5 and 12 % for SO2 in the port area. All future scenarios show substantial decreases in population weighted exposure and health-effect impacts.

scholarly journals Wpływ zmiany pełnionych funkcji na fizjonomię portu w Ustce

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Tomasz Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Residential Facilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recreational Fishing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
The Impact

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wpływu zmiany funkcji pełnionych przez port w Ustce na jego fizjonomię. Analiza funkcjonalna dotyczy głównie okresu 2016-2019. Natomiast analizę fizjonomii przeprowadzono dla 2021 r. Stwierdzono, że podstawowa dla portów funkcja przeładunkowa jest w Ustce pełniona w minimalnym stopniu. Funkcja turystyki morskiej jest realizowana w stopniu niewystarczającym (brak mariny jachtowej), a żeglugi pasażerskiej nie jest realizowana. Port pełni nadal funkcję rybołówstwa i wędkarstwa rekreacyjnego, ale w stopniu mniejszym, niż w przeszłości. Działalność produkcyjna na terenie portu nie jest już prowadzona, chociaż w przeszłości była realizowana na dużą skalę. Istnieje szansa, że w porcie rozwinie się funkcja związana z konserwacją i eksploatacją farm wiatrowych. Obecnie w porcie rozwijają się silnie funkcja turystyczna (gastronomia, hotele itd.) oraz mieszkaniowa. Wprowadzenie tej ostatniej funkcji do portu uznano za błąd. Zmiany funkcji powodują zmiany w fizjonomii portu. Znikają obiekty przemysłowe i przeładunkowe, a na ich miejsce pojawiają się obiekty z funkcją hotelową i gastronomiczną oraz mieszkaniowe, aczkolwiek zmiany te zachodzą z dużym opóźnieniem. The impact of changes in the performed functions on the physiognomy of the port in Ustka The aim of the article is to present the impact of changes in the functions performed by the port in Ustka on its physiognomy. The functional analysis mainly covers the period of 2016-2019, while the analysis of the physiognomy was conducted for 2021. It was found that the basic trans-shipment function is played to a minimum extent in Ustka. The function of sea tourism is insufficiently realized (no yacht marina), and the function of passenger shipping is not performed. The function of recreational fishing and angling is still performed by the port, but to a lesser extent than in the past. There is no longer any production activity in the port area, although in the past it was carried out on a large scale. There is a chance that the port will develop a function related to the maintenance and operation of wind farms. On the other hand, the tourist function (gastronomy, hotels, etc.) and housing are strongly developing in the port. Introducing the latter function into the port was considered a mistake. Changes in functions result in changes to the port physiognomy. Industrial and trans-shipment facilities are disappearing and replaced with hotel, catering and residential facilities. However, these changes are long delayed.

scholarly journals Formation of Sustainable Investment Attractiveness of Regions Under the Conditions of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Tetiana Polozova ◽  
◽  
Yurii Kutsenko ◽  
Oleksandra Kanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
International Production ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Sustainable Investment ◽  
The Impact

The decline in the forecast indicators of the economy and production activity, the structural transformation of international production and consumer preferences, the reduction in income from bonds and world tourism, the massive layoffs of workers that led to an increase in unemployment and a decrease in household income, deferred investments and the reorientation of investment flows, both in economic sectors and in the regional context, are all the result of the impact of another challenge called COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed and continues to change many characteristics of the economy and society. Together with the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the transition to the digital era, as well as taking into account completely new realities of the development of future generations, which are regulated by the concept of sustainable development, the formation of investment attractiveness is also taking place in a fundamentally different way. In this regard, the article substantiates the need to introduce the category sustainable investment attractiveness into everyday use. The author’s vision of the interpretation of this concept is presented. A procedure for forming a stable investment attractiveness of regions in the conditions of COVID-19 has been developed.

scholarly journals Combining Chemical Composition Data and Numerical Modelling for the Assessment of Air Quality in a Mediterranean Port City

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2181
Author(s):  
Rita Cesari ◽  
Alessandra Genga ◽  
Riccardo Buccolieri ◽  
Silvana Di Sabatino ◽  
Maria Siciliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Port City ◽  
Ship Emissions ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to characterize the air quality in a Mediterranean port city. The impact of ship emissions on both gaseous and particulate pollutants has been investigated through an integrated methodology which includes atmospheric flow and dispersion numerical modelling as well as chemical composition and statistical analyses. Specifically, chemical compositional data (ionic fraction, carbonaceous compounds, and metals) of PM2.5 were acquired during an experimental field campaign carried out in the port city of Brindisi (Apulia Region, Southern Italy). The sampling site was located on the roof of a building (ASI) within the port area. Given the complexity of the site in which both domestic buildings and a large industrial area are present, analyses were done by selecting different wind sectors to test different techniques to discriminate between sources. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to evaluate statistical differences in the composition of PM2.5 sampled within the area when the sampling site was downwind to the port or to the urban-industrial area. Only LDA allowed to discriminate the separation between urban-industrial and port macroareas. Those results were further confirmed in terms of PM2.5 concentrations directly associated to ship emissions using a coupled modelling approach. The mesoscale model BOLCHEM was used to investigate the contribution of ship emissions both on primary and secondary PM2.5 concentration in the area surrounding the port, as well as on PM10, NOX and O3 concentrations. Then, the model was coupled offline with the local dispersion model ADMS-Urban. The adopted approach was crucial to evaluate the spatial distribution of the impact of ship emissions. BOLCHEM results showed that in the cell of the port the average impact of ship emissions on NOX was 37.6%, and −11.7% on O3. The average impact on PM2.5 was 6.1%, distributed between primary (2.7%) and secondary fraction (3.4%). At local scale, the analysis of high-resolution modelling results obtained from ADMS-Urban highlighted that, at ASI position, the impact of ship emissions on PM2.5 was 6.8% when the sampling site was positioned downwind to the port area and reduced to lower than 3.0% at about 2 km from the sources.

scholarly journals Air emission inventory and application TAPM-AERMOD models to study air quality from 34 ports in Ho Chi Minh City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Khue Hoang Ngoc Vu ◽  
Thanh Thi Nguyet Pham ◽  
Bang Quoc Ho ◽  
Tam Thoai Nguyen ◽  
Hang Thi Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
The South ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Port Area ◽  
The Impact

The port system of Ho Chi Minh City including 34 ports, serves as the gateway to the South (including the South East and the Mekong Delta) in export and import activities. In which contribute a huge amount of pollutants to the atmosphere in Ho Chi Minh City. The objective of this study is to: (i) Calculating air emissions from ports system in Ho Chi Minh city using the SPDGIZ model which emits a large amount of air pollutants such as sulfur oxide (SOX), nitrogen oxide (NOX), fine dust (PM2.5, PM10), volatile organic compounds (VOC), carbon monoxide (CO) from large ships (Ocean going vessels - OGVs), towing ships (Harbor Crafts - HCs), cargo handling equipment (Cargo handling equipment - CHE) and other vehicles (Heavy trucks – HVs); (ii) Using dispersion model TAPM-AERMOD to assess the impact of port operations to air quality in surouding port area; (iii) Proposing abatement measures based on the results of simulation to reduce emissions/ air pollution levels. The results of emission inventory show that the total port emissions are largely NOX and SOX mainly from large ships (OGVs) and cargo handling equipment (CHE) due to the use of heavy oil and diesel which have high sulfur content. The results show that the time at which a mooring boat is the most time consuming (accounting for over 90% of total emissions from OGVs).

Designing a CRM Framework for online & offline sports footwear retailers

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cueva ◽  
Guillem Rufian ◽  
Maria Gabriela Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Running Shoes ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

The use of Customer Relationship Managers to foster customers loyalty has become one of the most common business strategies in the past years.  However, CRM solutions do not fill the abundance of happily ever-after relationships that business needs, and each client’s perception is different in the buying process.  Therefore, the experience must be precise, in order to extend the loyalty period of a customer as much as possible. One of the economic sectors in which CRM’s have improved this experience is retailing, where the personalized attention to the customer is a key factor.  However, brick and mortar experiences are not enough to be aware in how environmental changes could affect the industry trends in the long term.  A base unified theoretical framework must be taken into consideration, in order to develop an adaptable model for constructing or implementing CRMs into companies. Thanks to this approximation, the information is complemented, and the outcome will increment the quality in any Marketing/Sales initiative. The goal of this article is to explore the different factors grouped by three main domains within the impact of service quality, from a consumer’s perspective, in both on-line and off-line retailing sector.  Secondly, we plan to go a step further and extract base guidelines about previous analysis for designing CRM’s solutions focused on the loyalty of the customers for a specific retailing sector and its product: Sports Running Shoes.

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