COMPARISON OF MANUAL AND ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUES FOR REMAINING DENTIN THICKNESS IN PRIMARY TEETH USING CBCT

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the residual dentin thickness after manual and rotary instrumentation technique in primary root canals using CBCT. The null hypothesis was that there is no difference in the cleaning efficiency of both manual and rotary technique. Methodology: Manual filing was performed on 30 root canals using stainless steel S-files. Rotary instrumentation was carried out on a further 30 root canals, using rotary ProTaper files in a 300-rotation per minute (r.p.m.) Handpiece (NSK Endomate DT) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The roots were aligned perpendicularly to the beam, and they were scanned before and after instrumentation by using the CBCT operating at 60 kV and 2.5mA. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation measurements of canals were performed by using the Carestream 3D software. Results: When both the manual and rotary methods of canal instrumentation were compared, it was found that the reduction of dentinal thickness with respect to the manual method was more than the rotary method. Conclusions: There was more dentine thickness reduction in manual instrumentation than rotary instrumentation for root canal preparation in primary teeth.

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Microbial Reduction by Two Chemical-Mechanical Protocols in Primary Teeth with Pulp Necrosis and Periradicular Lesion - An In Vivo Study

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201302416 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 307-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Thaisa Cezária Triches ◽

Luciene Cristina de Figueiredo ◽

Magda Feres ◽

Sérgio Fernando Torres de Freitas ◽

Gláucia Santos Zimmermann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Teeth ◽

Primary Root ◽

Microbial Reduction ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Single Visit ◽

Root Canals ◽

Endodontic Infection ◽

Multiple Visit ◽

Before And After

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of chemical-mechanical procedures of two endodontic protocols for septic content reduction of root canals from primary teeth with pulp necrosis and periradicular lesion. Twenty-four primary root canals with pulp necrosis and periradicular lesion were divided into two treatment groups (n=12): multiple-visit and single-visit protocols. Samples were collected using sterile paper points before and after endodontic cleaning followed by microbiological identification through checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Statistical analysis was performed using Proportion Test for score=0 comparing the findings before and after treatment for each group (Wilcoxon's test) as well as the differences in scores between protocols (Mann-Whitney's test) (p<0.05). Data were expressed as prevalence (presence or absence) and estimate of the average count (x105 cells) of each species. Differences in proportions of score=0 prior to treatment were non-significant (p=0.415), demonstrating equivalence between groups. A significant increase in score=0 was detected after treatment for both groups (p<0.0001). Single-visit protocol achieved a significantly greater reduction in mean scoring following endodontic treatment (p=0.024). Both protocols were capable of significantly reducing septic content in root canals of primary teeth with periradicular lesion. Moreover, single-visit protocol showed greater efficacy in reducing endodontic infection.

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Evaluation Algorithm of Root Canal Shape Based on Steklov Spectrum Analysis

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/4830914 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Dongqing Wu ◽

Jian Gao ◽

Xiaoli Hu ◽

Zhengtao Xiao ◽

Zhuwei Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Need To Evaluate ◽

Before And After ◽

Evaluation Algorithm ◽

Steklov Spectrum ◽

Volume Difference

In recent years, we have seen more and more interest in the field of medical images and shape comparison motivated by the latest advances in microcomputed tomography (μCT) acquisition, modelling, and visualization technologies. Usually, biologists need to evaluate the effect of different root canal preparation systems. Current root canal preparation evaluation methods are based on the volume difference, area difference, and transportation of two root canals before and after treatment. The purpose of root canal preparation is to minimize the volume difference and ensure the complete removal of the smear layer. Previous methods can reflect some general geometric differences, but they are not enough to evaluate the quality of root canal shape. To solve this problem, we proposed a novel root canal evaluation method based on spectrum and eigenfunctions of Steklov operators, which can be served as a better alternative to current methods in root canal preparation evaluation. Firstly, the ideal root canal model was simulated according to the root canal model before and after preparation. Secondly, the Steklov spectrum of the two models was calculated. Thirdly, based on the spectrum and the histogram of the Gaussian curvature on the surface, the weight of each eigenvalue was computed. Therefore, the Steklov spectrum distance (SSD), which measures shape difference between the root canals, was defined. Finally, the calculation method that quantifies the root canal preparation effect of root canals was obtained. Through experiments, our method manifested high robustness and accuracy compared with existing state-of-the-art approaches. It also demonstrates the significance of our algorithm’s advantages on a variety of challenging root canals through result comparison with counterpart methods.

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Comparative Analysis of Root Dentin Morphology and Structure of Human Versus Bovine Primary Teeth

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927615000434 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 689-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bruna M. Costa ◽

Alexsandra S. Iwamoto ◽

Regina M. Puppin-Rontani ◽

Fernanda M. Pascon

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Primary Teeth ◽

Primary Root ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Root Canals ◽

Morphology And Structure ◽

Root Dentin ◽

Dentin Tubules ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

Scanning Electron

AbstractThis study evaluated the structural and morphological differences between human and bovine primary root canals. Primary human maxillary central incisors (H) (n=9) and primary bovine incisors (B) (n=9) were selected. The roots were sectioned in the vestibular-lingual direction, planed and delimited in cervical, middle, and apical thirds. Tubule density (number of tubules per mm2) and diameter were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (1,000 and 5,000×) using Image J 1.47 software. Data were submitted to two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). The highest tubule density was observed for B (28.527±1.717 mm2) compared with H (15.931±0.170 mm2) (p<0.01). Regarding root thirds, the cervical third presented a greater tubule density (26.417±11.654 mm2) than the apical third (17.999±5.873 mm2). The diameter of the dentin tubules was not different for cervical (3.50±0.08 µm), middle (3.45±0.30 µm) and apical thirds (3.42±0.33 µm) and substrate (H—3.29±0.14 µm; B—3.63±0.06 µm). It could be concluded that: (1) the radicular dentin structure of human and bovine primary teeth and root thirds differ in terms of the tubule density; (2) the radicular dentin morphology of human and bovine primary teeth and root thirds are similar in terms of the diameter of the dentin tubules.

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Effect of glide path on transportation promoted by NiTi and M-Wire instruments

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1525 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Tatiane Pires Nogueira ◽

Ellen Roberta Lima Bessa ◽

Eduardo Da Costa Nunes ◽

André Augusto Franco Marques ◽

Lucas Da Fonseca Roberti Garcia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Root Canal ◽

Polyester Resin ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Path Creation ◽

Dental Instruments ◽

Glide Path ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Objective: To evaluate the effect of glide path creation on transportation promoted by NiTi and M-Wire instruments. Material and Methods: Sixty polyester resin blocks containing a simulated root canal were distributed into four groups (n=15), according to the protocols/systems used for root canal preparation: GPR group - glide path + Revo-S system; R group - no glide path + Revo-S system; GPPN group - glide path + ProTaper Next system and PN group - no glide path + ProTaper Next system. Root canals were photographed before and after preparation, and the images were superimposed to evaluate the transportation at the apical, middle and coronal thirds. The time spent to perform preparation was also measured (seconds). Data were submitted to the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05) for statistical analysis. Results: In the apical third, there was no significant difference among groups (p>0.05). GPR and R groups were similar in the middle third (p>0.05). However, the transportation value in GPR group was statistically higher in comparison with GPPN and PN groups (p<0.05). In the coronal third, GPR and R groups were similar (p>0.05). Only R group presented significant difference in comparison with GPPN and PN groups (p<0.05). There was no difference among groups about time spent to perform preparation (p>0.05). Conclusion: None of the systems were capable of maintaining the original trajectory of the simulated root canal, and the glide path had no effect on the transportation promoted by instruments.KeywordsDental instruments; Endodontics; Root canal preparation.

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CROWN DOWN PREPARATION TECHNIQUE WITH LARGE TAPER ENDODONTIC HAND INSTRUMENT

Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) ◽

10.46862/interdental.v17i1.2075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Asri Riany Putri ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Root Canal ◽

Working Time ◽

Root Canal Treatment ◽

Preparation Technique ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Periapical Lesions ◽

Root Canals ◽

Root Canal System ◽

Conventional Stainless Steel

Introduction: Root canal preparation is an important step in root canal treatment. The use of stainless steel K-Files is time-consuming and causes fatigue to patients and operators. The large taper endodontic hand instrument can be used as an option for another preparation instrument. The purpose of this article is to determine the advantages of using large taper endodontic hand instruments as a preparation instrument compared to conventional stainless steel K-Files. Case: The 24-year-old male patient presented with pain in his lower left tooth even though it was not used. Examination of teeth 35, percussion and press (+), palpation (-), CE (-), exploration of root canals with smooth broach (+). There was a radiolucent image in the distal crown that had reached the pulp chamber, radiolucency with a blurred border of 2 mm in diameter at the periapical area, and the dilation of the periodontal ligaments along with the roots. Tooth 35 diagnosis was partial pulp necrosis with periapical lesions. Case Management: Root canal treatment of teeth 35 using hand-used ProTaper with the crown down technique up to F4 WL = 21 mm. Obturation with single cone technique with Endomethasone as a sealer. Discussion: The large taper instrument is very flexible and easily enters narrow and bent root canals, thus it can shorten the working time, reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators, improves the cleaning of the root canal system, and consistent root canal formation. The crown down technique used can reduce the risk of preparation errors, prevent debris extrusion and improve obturation quality. Conclusion: Root canal preparation using a large taper endodontic hand instrument can shorten the working time and reduce the risk of fatigue for patients and operators compared to preparations using conventional stainless steel K-File.

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Comparative analysis of three rotary instruments used for coronal pre-enlargement in radicular dentin thickness and root canal area of mandibular molars

Journal of Research in Dentistry ◽

10.19177/jrd.v1e32013246-252 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 246

Author(s):

Keren Cristina Fagundes Jordão Basso ◽

Milton Carlos Kuga ◽

Katia Cristina Keine ◽

Marina Oliveira Gonçalves Galoza ◽

Marcus Vinicius Reis Só

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Thickness Reduction ◽

Root Canals ◽

Mandibular Molars ◽

Rotary Instruments ◽

Before And After ◽

Rotary Instrument ◽

Mandibular First Molar ◽

Dentin Thickness ◽

Cervical Area

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the increase of the cervical area and dentin thickness in mesial and distal walls of the mesial canals from mandibular molars after the use of LA Axxess (LA), CP Drill (CP) and Gates-Glidden (GG) rotary instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty root canals from thirty mandibular first molar were sectioned 3 mm below the cement-enamel junction, divided in 3 groups (n = 20 root canals, each) according to rotary instrument used, and the cervical images were captured before and after pre-enlargement instrumentation. The increase of the instrumented cervical area (mm2) and the dentin removal thickness (mm), at mesial and distal walls were calculated using Image tools software, by comparison of images. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (p=0.05). RESULTS: All rotary instruments promoted thickness reduction in dentin walls. In mesial wall, all rotary instruments promoted similar thickness reduction of dentinal wall and did not differ from each other (p>0.05). In distal wall, LA Axxess instrument promoted higher dentin thickness reduction than other groups (p<0.05). The three rotary instruments promoted different increase at the instrumented cervical area (p<0.05), LA promoted the highest increase area and GG and CP presented similar results. CONCLUSION: LA 20/0.06 promoted the highest thickness reduction in distal wall and increase of cervical area of root canal. On the other hand, CP was the safest instrument, with lower dentin removal of distal wall and similar increased area to GG.

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A microcomputed tomography evaluation of the shaping ability of three thermally-treated nickel-titanium rotary file systems in curved canals

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518801451 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 325-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhuwei Huang ◽

Jingjing Quan ◽

Jia Liu ◽

Wen Zhang ◽

Xiaolei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

File Systems ◽

Microcomputed Tomography ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Before And After ◽

Shaping Ability ◽

Thermally Treated

Objective To evaluate the shaping ability of three thermally-treated rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems including ProTaper Next (PTN), HyFlex™ CM (HFCM) and HyFlex™ EDM (HFEDM) during root canal preparation in simulated root canals. Methods A total of 45 simulated root canals were divided into three groups ( n = 15) and prepared with PTN, HFCM or HFEDM files up to size 25. Microcomputed tomography (microCT) was used to scan the specimens before and after instrumentation. Volume and diameter changes, transportations and centring ratios at 11 levels of the simulated root canals were measured and compared. Results HFEDM caused significantly greater volume increases than HFCM and PTN in the entire root canal and in the apical and middle thirds. HFCM removed the least amount of resin in the coronal third compared with HFEDM and PTN. Overall, HFCM caused significantly less transportation in the apical 2 mm and was better centred than PTN in the apical 3 mm. Conclusion Under the conditions of this study, all systems prepared curved canals without significant shaping errors and instrument fracture. PTN and HFCM cut less resin than HFEDM. HFCM stayed centred apically and cut the least material coronally.

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Multidimensional Analysis of Curved Root Canal Preparation Using Continuous or Reciprocating Nickel-titanium Instruments

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601812010032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 32-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iussif Mamede-Neto ◽

Álvaro Henrique Borges ◽

Ana Helena Gonçalves Alencar ◽

Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte ◽

Manoel Damião Sousa Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Reference Points ◽

Multidimensional Analysis ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

Before And After ◽

Canal Transportation

Objective: To evaluate transportation (T) and centering ability (CA) of root canal preparations using continuous or reciprocating nickel-titanium endodontic files. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular first and second molars were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=16) according to the rotary file used: 1. ProTaper Next; 2. ProTaper Gold; 3. Mtwo; 4. BioRaCe; 5. WaveOne Gold; 6. Reciproc. Root canals were prepared according to manufacturer’s instructions. Cone beam computed tomography scans were obtained before and after root canal preparation. Measurements were made at six different reference points: 2, 3 and 4 mm from the apex and 2, 3 and 4 mm below furcation in different directions. Results: The greatest Mesiodistal (MD) Transportation (T) was found for Reciproc files (p<0.05), and the greatest buccolingual (BL) T, for Reciproc, ProTaper Gold and ProTaper Next files (p<0.05). The greatest Mesiodistal (MD) Centering Ability (CA) was found for BioRaCe files (p<0.05), and the greatest Buccolingual (BL) CA, for BioRaCe and Mtwo files (p<0.05). Conclusion: All systems produced root canal transportation. No file system achieved perfect CA of root preparation. Reciproc files had the greatest MD T and BL T. BioRaCe files had the greatest MD CA, whereas BL CA was similar for BioRaCe and Mtwo files.

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Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of the effect of the final apical size prepared by rotary nickel-titanium files on the removal efficacy of hard-tissue debris

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060518757607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 2219-2229 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ke Xu ◽

Juan Wang ◽

Ke Wang ◽

Nan Gen ◽

Jin Li

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Shape Recognition ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Hard Tissue ◽

Root Canals ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Debris Accumulation ◽

Before And After

Objective This study was performed to compare the removal efficacy of hard-tissue debris in mandibular first molars prepared to various apical sizes. Methods The mesial root canals of 40 extracted mandibular first molars were prepared by rotary nickel-titanium files to an apical size of #25/0.04 (Group #2504), #30/0.04 (Group #3004), #35/0.04 (Group #3504), and #40/0.04 (Group #4004). Irrigation was performed with 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. Micro-computed tomography was used to scan the samples before and after root canal preparation. Remnant hard-tissue debris was identified, quantified, and visualized three-dimensionally using shape recognition and image superimposition analysis, and the debris was mapped to its location. Results After preparation, 11.67%±2.99% of the root canals contained hard-tissue debris in Group #2504, 8.00%±2.71% in Group #3004, 7.17%±2.88% in Group #3504, and 4.51%±1.61% in Group #4004. The amount of accumulated hard-tissue debris was significantly less in Group #4004 than in the other groups. However, there were no significant differences between Groups #3004 and #3504. Conclusions An increased final apical size resulted in significantly lower debris accumulation. However, no root canal in any group was completely free from hard-tissue debris, and debris was mostly found in the isthmus of the mesial root canals.

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Apical transportation in simulated root canals prepared using HyFlex CM, WaveOne Gold and manual technique

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF ◽

10.5335/rfo.v24i3.9589 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 334-339

Author(s):

Gabriela Bonacina ◽

Ana Carolina Neis Cifali ◽

Rafaela Chies Hartmann ◽

Maína De Aguiar Pinto ◽

Maristela Gutierrez De Borba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Reciprocating Motion ◽

Root Canal Preparation ◽

Root Canals ◽

Continuous Rotation ◽

Apical Transportation ◽

Before And After ◽

Imagej Software ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Main Effects

Objective: To assess the apical transportation in simulated root canals with different curvature angles prepared using manual instrumentation and rotary and reciprocating motions. Methods: Sixty simulated root canals were prepared using manual instrumentation (Flexofile K-file) (MT), continuous rotation (HyFlex CM) (HF), and reciprocating motion (WaveOne Gold) (WG). A trained operator prepared the canals, and the apical enlargement was standardized up to a #25 file in all systems tested. Two different curvature angles of the simulated root canals were tested: 70° and 50°. Overlapping photographs of the simulated root canals, before and after root canal preparation, were used to measure the apical transportation (mm), using the ImageJ software. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were analyzed and the groups were compared with two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc, with α=5%. Results: There was a statistically significant interaction between the effects of group and angle in the apical transportation (F = 3.740; p = 0.031). Simple main effects analysis showed that HyFlex CM produced a significantly lower apical transportation when compared to WaveOne Gold (p = 0.02) and the manual technique (p < 0.01), regardless of the angle. However, there were no differences between WaveOne Gold and manual technique in canals with the 70° angle (p>0.05). The group with the highest mean apical transportation was the MT, with 0.0917 mm, followed by WG and HF, with 0.0633 and 0.0325, respectively. Conclusion: Simulated root canals prepared with rotary motion (HyFlex CM) showed the lowest apical transportation, followed by the reciprocating motion (WaveOne Gold). The manual technique showed the most unfavorable results, with the highest apical transportation.

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