scholarly journals Combustibles alternativos para motores de combustión interna obtenidos a partir de residuos plásticos

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
José Manuel Riesco-Ávila ◽  
David Alejandro Rodríguez-Valderrama ◽  
Diana Marcela Pardo-Cely ◽  
Francisco Elizalde- Blancas
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Heavy Hydrocarbons ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Rapid Pyrolysis

Of the different methods for recycling plastic, pyrolysis offers the possibility to overcome the limitations of mechanical recycling, which requires large amounts of clean, separate and homogeneous plastic waste to ensure the quality of the final product. Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of plastic materials by thermal degradation in the absence of oxygen. The plastic waste is introduced into a chamber, where it is subjected to high temperatures, and the gases generated are condensed in order to obtain a distillate hydrocarbon. This paper presents the results obtained from the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures of polypropylene, high density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene. In a first stage, the plastic waste is subjected to a rapid pyrolysis process at temperatures of 440-450 °C, obtaining a mixture of heavy hydrocarbons. Subsequently, these hydrocarbons are subjected to a distillation process, first at a temperature of 180 °C, where a hydrocarbon with properties similar to those of gasoline is obtained, and then at a temperature of 360 °C, yielding a hydrocarbon with properties similar to those of diesel.

scholarly journals Determinación de la ruta crítica para la síntesis Química de hidroxiapatita nanométrica

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
José Manuel Riesco-Ávila ◽  
David Alejandro Rodríguez-Valderrama ◽  
Diana Marcela Pardo-Cely ◽  
Francisco Elizalde- Blancas
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Heavy Hydrocarbons ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Rapid Pyrolysis

Of the different methods for recycling plastic, pyrolysis offers the possibility to overcome the limitations of mechanical recycling, which requires large amounts of clean, separate and homogeneous plastic waste to ensure the quality of the final product. Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition of plastic materials by thermal degradation in the absence of oxygen. The plastic waste is introduced into a chamber, where it is subjected to high temperatures, and the gases generated are condensed in order to obtain a distillate hydrocarbon. This paper presents the results obtained from the pyrolysis of plastic waste mixtures of polypropylene, high density polyethylene, and low density polyethylene. In a first stage, the plastic waste is subjected to a rapid pyrolysis process at temperatures of 440-450 °C, obtaining a mixture of heavy hydrocarbons. Subsequently, these hydrocarbons are subjected to a distillation process, first at a temperature of 180 °C, where a hydrocarbon with properties similar to those of gasoline is obtained, and then at a temperature of 360 °C, yielding a hydrocarbon with properties similar to those of diesel.

scholarly journals Alamanda Ayu Aquila K3319007

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alamanda Ayu Aquila
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Liquid Material ◽  
Long Time

The increasing use of plastic bottles in the environment caused by the rise of teenagers who like to show off a brand of plastic-based beverage products. This makes environmental conditions worse because plastic waste takes a long time to decompose. From many studies conducted, it turns out that plastic waste can be converted into fuel oil. Waste that is used is indeed derived from plastic materials because plastic waste that is processed by pyrolysis produces liquid material that will form oil. There is a simple way of processing plastic waste into fuel oil by means of pyrolysis. This method is easy for everyone to do because it is an easy tool to make. The purpose of this study is to compare the quality of fuels made from the pyrolysis process with fuels that already exist today.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Plastic Materials as a New Source of Energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Constantinescu ◽  
Felicia Bucura ◽  
Roxana-Elena Ionete ◽  
Violeta-Carolina Niculescu ◽  
Eusebiu Ilarian Ionete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Maximum Test ◽  
Plastic Materials

The pyrolysis can be an attractive way to reduce the plastic waste and, in the same time, to obtain alternative conventional fuels. In this respect, four polymers (low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, propylene and polystyrene) were used in the pyrolysis process. The experiments were carried out by using an in-house plant, which allowed a maximum test temperature of 450 �C. The product oil and the derived gas from the pyrolysis process were evaluated using different techniques, such as elemental analysis (EA), calorimetry, gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Furthermore, for a comparative study two catalysts, zeolite and lignite, were also used for the pyrolysis process, in order to observe their influences on the final products. The higher heating value obtained for the oil was in the 40.17-45.35 MJ/kg range, acceptable for the use of these oil as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Also, the sulphur content from the obtained oil does not cause environment problems, being lower than the allowed limits (10 mg/L). In addition, the pyrolysis derived gas was rich in hydrocarbons, conducting to a high calorific value, in the 73.42 - 121.18 MJ/kg range.

Places and Causes of Mismanaged Plastic Materials in the Life Cycle of Flexible Plastic Packaging Based on Mechanical Recycling Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Munzir Hadengganan ◽  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Quality Degradation ◽  
Plastic Materials

Plastic waste has become a big issue in the world for its large amount of plastic waste in the sea. Most of the plastic waste is plastic packaging which consists of flexible and rigid plastic packaging. This research discusses flexible plastic packaging. Until now, most researches on the loss of plastic materials discuss how to manage plastic waste disposal once it has been used by community: only a few discuss production cycle: while none of them discusses flexible plastic packaging area. This research aims to examine the number of mismanaged materials throughout flexible plastic packaging life cycle using a combination of Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). Based on the literature review, interviews and observations conducted by the author to all stakeholders in the life cycle of flexible plastic packaging, mismanagement of plastic material occurred in each cycle, mostly caused by quality degradation of flexible plastic that could cause plastic waste was not acceptable in the mechanical recycle. The results of this study show that: (1) mismanaged material occurred in all cycles throughout the life cycles of flexible plastic packaging, (2) quality degradation is the main caused of mismanaged material in several cycles, and (3) the mismanaged materials in the life cycle of flexible plastic packaging were 98.29%.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Model Daur Ulang Sampah Plastik Dalam Jaringan Sistem Reverse Logistics

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Hendy Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Network System ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Logistics Network ◽  
Reverse Logistics Network ◽  
Plastic Waste Recycling

Abstract-The development of a plastic waste recycling model in the reverse logistics network system is based on the current plastic waste management business activities in Indonesia (in this case the Bekasi and surrounding areas), which is strengthened by some literature on the same business activities in several other countries, such as India. The reverse logistics system in Indonesia is currently one of the best alternatives that can be considered in reducing the limitations of raw material resources. In addition, reverse logistics is proven to provide economic value for business people, then environmental issues become one of the strongest motivations in conducting reverse logistics business. This study aims to develop a model of plastic waste recycling in Indonesia, specifically plastic waste of the compound type LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) and HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) in the reverse logistics network system and to determine the distribution and transportation network system related to business management activities the plastic garbage. The development of this model can be developed based on empirical data in observing the behavior and characteristics of model variables. The results of the model can produce the total cost of a reverse logistics system in managing plastic waste in Bekasi and its surroundings at Rp. 196,220,250Abstrak-Pengembangan model daur ulang sampah plastik dalam sistem jaringan reverse logistics didasarkan pada aktivitas bisnis pengelolaan sampah plastik di Indonesia (dalam hal ini wilayah Bekasi dan sekitarnya) saat ini, yang diperkuat dengan beberapa literatur mengenai aktivitas bisnis yang sama di beberapa negara lain, seperti India. Sistem reverse logistics di Indonesia, saat ini menjadi salah satu alternatif terbaik yang dapat dipertimbangkan dalam mengurangi keterbatasan sumber daya bahan baku. Selain itu, reverse logistics terbukti dapat memberikan nilai ekonomis bagi para pelaku bisnis, lalu isu lingkungan menjadi salah satu motivasi terkuat dalam melakukan bisnis reverse logistics. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model daur ulang sampah plastik di Indonesia, khususnya sampah plastik berjenis senyawa LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) dan HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) dalam sistem jaringan reverse logistics serta untuk menentukan system jaringan distribusi dan transportasi yang terkait dengan aktivitas bisnis pengelolaan sampah plastik tersebut. Pengembangan model ini dapat dikembangkan berdasarkan data empiris dalam mengamati perilaku dan karakteristik variabel-variabel model. Hasil model dapat dihasilkan total biaya sistem reverse logistics dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik di Bekasi dan sekitarnya sebesar Rp. 196,220,250,-.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Bahan Bakar Diesel dari Limbah Plastik HDPE dengan Proses Pirolisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Taufik Iskandar ◽  
Sinar Perbawani Abrina Anggraini ◽  
Melinda Melinda
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Petroleum Processing ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Optimal Data Analysis

Indonesia menduduki posisi ke dua setelah cina penghasil sampah plastik terbesar di dunia. Dimana salah satu limbah plastik tersebut adalah HDPE (High Density Polyethylene). Sedangkan plastik merupakan produk hasil pengolahan minyak bumi yang dapat direcycle ke bentuk semulanya karena bahan baku pembuatan limbah plastik adalah nafta yang merupakan salah satu unsur dari minyak bumi. Salah satu solusi yang diperlukan adalah recycle dengan mengubah limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar dengan proses pirolisis. Pirolisis merupakan salah satu proses terbaik dari recycle limbah plastik, dengan pertimbangan memahami sifat limbah plastik HDPE. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat pirolisis dengan variable suhu proses yaitu 300⸰C, 325⸰C, dan 350⸰C, waktu proses pirolisis yaitu 2 dan 4 jam. Dari proses pirolisis diperoleh hasil volume bahan bakar diesel yaitu pada suhu 300⸰C sebanyak 95 ml, suhu 325⸰C sebanyak 100 ml, dan suhu 350⸰C sebanyak 145 ml. Dari hasil analisa data optimal  untuk suhu dan waktu optimum proses pirolisis limbah plastik HDPE yaitu pada suhu 325⸰C selama 2 jam, bahan bakar diesel yang didapat memiliki kadar abu 0,044 (b/b), dan kadar air 0,031(%vol). ABSTRACTIndonesia is in second place after China, the largest plastic waste producer in the world. Where one of the plastic wastes is HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene). Meanwhile, plastic is a product of petroleum processing that can be recycled to its original form because the raw material for making plastic waste is naphtha, which is an element of petroleum. One solution that is needed to recycle by converting plastic waste into fuel by the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is one of the best processes for recycling plastic waste, with consideration of understanding the nature of HDPE plastic waste. This study used a pyrolysis tool with process temperature variables, namely 300⸰C, 325⸰C, and 350⸰C, the pyrolysis process time was 2 and 4 hours. From the pyrolysis process, the results of the volume of diesel fuel are at a temperature of 300 ⸰C as much as 95 ml, a temperature of 325 C as much as 100 ml, and a temperature of 350 ⸰C as much as 145 ml. From the results of the optimal data analysis for the optimum temperature and time of the HDPE plastic waste pyrolysis process, which is at a temperature of 325⸰C for 2 hours, the obtained diesel fuel has an ash content of 0.044 (w / w), and a moisture content of 0.031 (vol%).

scholarly journals Recycling of a Biodegradable Polymer Blend

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2297
Author(s):  
Francesco Paolo La Mantia ◽  
Luigi Botta ◽  
Maria Chiara Mistretta ◽  
Antonino Di Fiore ◽  
Vincenzo Titone
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Final Performance ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Dry And Wet Conditions ◽  
Recycled Material

Mechanical recycling is one of the possible ways to enhance the value of postconsumer plastic materials. However, the final performance of the recycled material will strongly depend on the quality of the selection made on the recycled product and on the degradation of the properties. In this context, the present study examines the effect of reprocessing for five successive extrusion cycles on the rheological, mechanical and thermal properties of a poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)-based blend on samples reprocessed in both dry and wet conditions. The results showed that when the sample was processed after drying, degradation of the material was less than when it was processed in wet conditions. However, the experimental results showed that the decrease of rheological and mechanical properties was not so dramatic, and therefore the material could be reused in both cases.

scholarly journals Study on the Use of a Variety of Plastic Materials in a Mixture of High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) in a Mixture Based on Wear AC-WC Layers (Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Suprayitno Suprayitno ◽  
Sri Wiwoho Mudjanarko
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Normal Composition ◽  
Asphalt Content

Roads with flexible pavement are pavements that use asphalt as an aggregate binder, so they are much in demand rather than rigid pavement. Road infrastructure requires maintenance whose conditions must be maintained on an ongoing basis. The use of plastic packaging cannot be separated in everyday life. HDPE (High density polyethylene) is high density polyethylene. Based on the problem of the amount of used plastic waste currently available, this research is needed to find out how well the pavement uses the use of HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) plastic as mixed plastic waste. After testing the laboratory and analyzing it according to the General Highway Specifications for normal composition 1 without a mixture of 0%, the asphalt content that meets all the requirements is estimated at asphalt level between 5.6% - 6%. Whereas in composition 2-4 with HPDE plastic waste 4%, 8%, and 12%. From the results of the research with 4 different compositions, it is obtained that the optimal asphalt content composition of HDPE plastic mixture is 0-12% which meets the VIM and stability an optimal 8% HDPE plastic mixture was obtained with an optimum asphalt content of 4.45%

scholarly journals Improving the Quality of Pyrolysis Oil from Co-firing High-density Polyethylene Plastic Waste and Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1498
Author(s):  
Eny Kusrini ◽  
Dijan Supramono ◽  
Volkan Degirmenci ◽  
Saeful Pranata ◽  
Aji Agraning Bawono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

scholarly journals Influence of Packaging Type on the Dynamics of Powdered Eggs Chemical Composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Alexandru Usturoi ◽  
Cristina Simeanu ◽  
Marius Giorgi Usturoi ◽  
Marius Gheorghe Dolis ◽  
Roxana Nicoleta Ratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Proximate Chemical Composition

The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of the main chemical compounds in the powdered eggs stored under constant environmental conditions (temperature=10�0.5oC; relative humidity=65�1%) and packaged in bags made of different plastic fabric (Lc group = high density polyethylene - HDPE; Lexp group = low density polyethylene - LDPE). The assessments were run to measure the inner water and dry matter contents, as well as the ash, proteins, lipids and nitrogen free extract levels. The analysis of data gathered throughout 90 days of storage suggested that the product packaged in low density polyethylene bags - LDPE (Lexp group) absorbed +0.82% humidity from the environment, compared to Lc group (highly significant differences), lost 0.41% from its initial proteins level and 0.59% of the nitrogen free extract, while lipids and ash values were not affected by the experimental factor (different package). Consequently, it might be concluded that the type and quality of the utilised package could significantly influence the proximate chemical composition, due to the transfers from the outer storage environment toward the inner volume of the package, whose intensity is given by the direct influence of the barrier features of the fabric the packages are made of.

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