scholarly journals Effect of Row Spacing and Plant Density on the Yield of Faba bean L. Under Very Differentiated Humidity Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Janusz Prusiński
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Total Rainfall ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Narrow Row

The research covered Polish low-tannin Faba bean ‘Albus’, and its yielding depending on the row spacing and plant density under very different humidity conditions across the research years. The mean multi-year faba bean seed yield was 4.01 t ha-1 and it was most correlated with the total rainfall in August and in June-August. Due to a considerable variation in the total rainfall and air temperature, the faba bean seed yield ranged from 0.69-2.14 t ha-1 in dry years (2018-2019) with high air temperature, from 6.64 to 6.59 ha-1 in humid years (2016-2017) with a considerably higher total rainfall and lower air temperature in June-August. There was no significant effect of the row spacing and plant density on the faba bean yielding, except for a significantly lower seed yield in 2019 following the application of the lowest plant density. Out of all the yield structure components, only the number of pods per plant for 60-75 plants per m2 was significantly lower than for 45 plants. The other yield structure components did not differ significantly due to the factors studied either, except for the LAI, the value of which for a narrow row spacing was significantly higher. There was found a significant correlation between all the plant traits and with the faba bean yield.

scholarly journals Faba Bean Agronomic and Crop Physiology Research in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dereje Dobocha ◽  
Debela Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Crop Physiology ◽  
Arsi Zone

Faba bean is an important pulse crop in terms of protein source, area coverage, and volume of annual production in Ethiopia. The aim of this paper is to assess the agronomic and crop physiology investigations in the past two decades in Ethiopia. The production limiting factors of this crop are low input usage, natural disasters, depletion of macronutrients, and unavailability of essential nutrients. Phosphorus is among the main limiting nutrients in soil systems in Ethiopia. Seed yield and biomass yield of faba bean were increased from 1338 to 1974 kg/ha and from 3124 to 4446 kg/ha when phosphorous was changed from 0 to 52 kg/ha, respectively at Holeta whereas application of 40 kg P ha − 1 resulted in higher grain yield (6323 kg ha−1) and 3303 kg ha−1 at Lemu-Bilbilo and Bore highlands, respectively. The highest grain yield of 32 kg ha−1 was obtained from the application of 92 kg P2O5 ha−1 at Sekela district while application of 46 kg P2O5 ha−1 resulted in a substantial increase in seed yield over unfertilized plots on vertisols of Ambo. On the other hand, the results suggest that using starter nitrogen from 0 to 27 kg/ha has marginally increased faba bean yield but, a farther increase of nitrogen has indicated deteriorate of yield at Arsi zone. Proper plant populations play a crucial role in enhancing faba bean production. Planting faba bean at 30 cm × 15 cm spacing gave the highest grain yield in Duna district while it was 30 × 7.5 cm at vertisols of Ambo University research farm. Significantly higher seed yield (4222 kg/ha) was observed in the 40 cm inter-row spacing as compared to 50 cm inter-row spacing, which gave the lowest seed yield per hectare (3138 kg/ha) on fluvisols of Haramaya University. Intercropping and crop rotation are cropping systems that can increase soil fertility and crop yield. Intercropping of faba bean with barley at Debre Birhan increased land equivalent ratio than both crops when planted as sole. An additional income of 18.5% and 40% was gained than planting sole faba bean and wheat, respectively at Kulumsa. Faba bean can fix about 69 kg/ha nitrogen in Northern Ethiopia. Generally, the current review results showed that only limited studies in organic and bio fertilizer, plant density, and cropping systems were done on faba bean in Ethiopia. Hence, studies regarding soil acidity, organic fertilizer, and secondary plus micronutrient impacts on faba bean production and productivity along soil types and weather conditions need great attention in the future in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Faba Bean Sown at Two Row Spacings and Seed Densities

1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Silim ◽  
M. C. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water Extraction ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Better Than

SummaryThe performance of promising genotypes of faba bean developed for areas with limited rainfall was compared with the local landrace, ILB 1814, at Tel Hadya in Syria during 1989–1988 using different row spacings and sowing densities. In the last two years of the trials the performance of the improved genotypes and ILB 1814 was compared with and without supplemental irrigation. Yields of ILB 1814 were better than the highest yielding genotypes in some years and similar to them in others. In seasons with limited rainfall the best yields were obtained by using a narrow row spacing and dense sowing, and yields were significantly improved by irrigation. Grain yield was correlated with biomass and the number of pods per unit area. The percentage of radiation intercepted was highest in ILB 1814, particularly when sown with a narrow row spacing and at a high plant density. Soil water extraction, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency were improved by sowing at a narrowrow spacing and high plant density.Los nemátodos de las plantas y la agricultura continua

INFLUENCE OF METHODS FOR SELECTION OF PLANTS AND WAYS OF SEEDING ON EFFICIENCY OF ORIGINAL SEEDS OF FLAX-DOLGUNETS GRROWING IN PRIMARY SEED BREEDING

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Flax Seeds ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Selection Of

The results of scientific research are presented, which made it possible to develop less labor-intensive methods for selecting flax plants to grow original (updated) seeds. Studies have shown that a positive selection of tall plants of flax, compared with the accepted counterpart (control), increased seed yield 1.7-1.9 times. Moreover, plant homogeneity according to the main characteristics (height and fiber content in the stem) characterizing the varietal quality of grown seeds turned out to be at the control level. A negative selection, involving the removal of atypical plants, provided an increase in the output volume of seeds compared to the control by 3.9-4.1 times. This selection method did not reduce the varietal quality of seed material compared to the accepted analogue. With both selection methods, after combining typical plants, seeds with the same high germination rates were obtained (96-99 %). The breeding efficiency of the grown flax seeds using narrow-row sowing methods is shown. Studies have established that narrow-row sowing of seeds with a row-spacing of 7.5 and 6.25 cm compared with sowing by a wide-row method significantly increased their yield by 2.8-3.0 and 2.3-3.0 kg / ha, respectively. The greatest influence on the formation of seed yield in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) was exerted by the method of sowing, the part of which was 76.1 %. As the length of seed propagation of flax in creased (up to the uterine elite 2 years) in narrow-row sowing (6.25 cm) compared to broad-row, there was no decrease in quality indicators - germination and seed strength.

scholarly journals Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 1. Yield and plant development

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey ◽  
L. P. Lefkovitch
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Crop Density

A field study was conducted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) to determine the effect of the initial population density and spatial arrangement of plants on crop development and seed yield. Individual seedling plants were transplanted at seven densities (1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 plants m−2) and three row spacings (20, 40, and 80 cm), and characteristics of seed production were determined for 3 yr (1991–1993). Over the 3 yr, heading commenced at dates differing by 15 d and was delayed, as density increased, by 8, 6, and 2 d, respectively, in the first, second, and third production years. The time of seed maturity differed among years (21 July to 4 August) but was generally unaffected by density or row spacing. In the first production year, seed yield increased with density up to 25 plants m−2 for each row spacing, then remained constant to at least 50 plants m−2 with both 20- or 40-cm rows; it decreased slightly at 100 plants m−2 with 20 cm rows. In the second production year, seed yield was relatively independent of plant density except that it decreased when the initial density was less than 6 plants m−2 with a row spacing of 80 cm, and tended to be greatest with the 40-cm row spacing at 6–25 plants m−2. In the third production year, seed yield was much lower than in the previous 2 yr but the pattern of response to the density and row spacing treatments was similar to that in the second production year. The seed yield of tall fescue can be optimized for at least 3 consecutive years by establishing an initial density of 20–100 plants m−2 in rows spaced 20–60 cm apart. If the maximization of first-year seed yield is a priority, then the initial establishment should be at a density of 25–50 plants m−2 in rows spaced 20–40 cm apart. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreber, population density, plant spacing, seed production

Response of chickpea accession to row spacing and plant density on a vertisol on the Darling Downs, south-eastern Queensland. 1. Dry matter production and seed yield

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Beech ◽  
GJ Leach
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Average Water

Six accessions of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), representing both desi and kabuli types, were grown at a range of row spacings (180-710 mm) in 3 experiments on a vertisol at Dalby, south-eastern Queensland to assess their adaptation and yield potential. Row spacing and sowing density (28-1 12 seeds m-2) were confounded in 2 experiments where intra-row density was constant, but were varied independently in the third. Differences in yield between accessions were either small or not significant in 1979, with above-average water availability (mean seed yield: 253 g m-2), and in 1980, when water was severely limited (mean seed yield: 79 and 120 g m-2 in the 2 experiments). However, the proportion of seed that was machine-harvestable was highest in the commercial cv. Tyson (71%), and also at the closest row spacing (83%). Seed nitrogen concentration was about 0.5% higher in cv. Tyson than in other accessions. It declined with an increase in row spacing and was associated with a higher proportion of small seeds. We conclude that there will be scope for alternatives to cv. Tyson as new market opportunities develop. Furthermore, the flexibility in its growth pattern makes chickpea well suited to the variable moisture regime of the wheatlands of subtropical eastern Australia.

scholarly journals Depth and Sowing Rate as Factors Affecting the Development, Plant Density, Height and Yielding for Two Faba Bean (Vicia faba L. Var. Minor) Cultivars

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
Waldemar Helios ◽  
Anna Jama-Rodzeńska ◽  
Magdalena Serafin-Andrzejewska ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki ◽  
Marcin Kozak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Vicia Faba L

Sowing depth and density are factors which affect development and yielding due to their influence on plants’ competition for water, light and nutrients. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of sowing depth (5 and 8 cm) and density (45, 60, 75 seeds m2) on the development and yield of two morphotypes of faba bean. Higher plants were found at 8 cm sowing depth in 2011 and 2013, in turn, plant density before harvest, at 5 cm in 2011 and 8 cm in 2013. The greatest seed yield was observed while sowing shallower in 2011 (4.50 t ha−1) and 2012 (6.62 t ha−1), and deeper in 2013 (3.53 t ha−1). Cultivar played in important role in shaping plant height and seed yield in all years of the experiment, as well as in straw yield in 2012. Bobas characterized by the greatest seed productivity in all years of experiment compared to Granit, as well as quantity of straw yield in 2011 and 2012 (3.51 and 4.88 t ha−1, respectively) and therefore can be recommended for cultivation. Taking into account plant density before harvest in 2011–2013 as well as straw yield in 2011 and 2013, the most favorable sowing density is 75 seeds per m2.

Influence of population density, row spacing and hybrid on forage corn yield and nutritive value in a cool-season environment

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1131-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Baron ◽  
H. G. Najda ◽  
F. C. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Narrow Row

Increasing yield for silage and grazing in cool, short-season areas may be possible by planting corn (Zea mays L.) at high population densities and at narrow row spacing. The objective was to determine how population density (75 000, 100 000, and 125 000 plants ha-1) and row spacing (standard: 76 cm and narrow: 38 cm) affected whole-plant yield, yield-related parameters, and nutritive value of two corn hybrids grown at Brooks and Lacombe, Alberta during 2 yr. The hybrids (Pioneer 39F45 and 39N03) were rated at 2000 Ontario corn heat units (CHU). Trial, hybrid, population density and row spacing interacted to influence whole-plant yield. Population density had a greater impact on whole-plant yield than row spacing and hybrid choice. Generally, yield leveled off at 100 000 plants ha-1 when the interaction of all effects was considered. Leaf area index (LAI) and whole-plant yield at this density were 2.68 and 12.0 Mg ha-1, respectively. Narrow compared with standard row spacing had positive effects on whole-plant yield of one hybrid, but not the other and improved LAI at 75 000 plants ha-1, but not at the other plant densities. Increasing plant density and reducing row spacing had only minor effects on whole-plant nutritive value. Growing corn in narrow rows to accommodate prevalent planting equipment should have no adverse effects on whole-plant corn production in short-season areas of Canada. However, when considering changes in corn management to maximize whole-plant yield narrow row spacing is not as important as achieving a plant density of approximately 100 000 plants ha-1. Key words: Corn, Zea mays L., nutritive value, population density, row width, silage yield

Crop density and seed production of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber). 2. Reproductive components and seed characteristics

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Fairey ◽  
L. P. Lefkovitch
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seed Characteristics

The population density and spatial arrangement of plants may influence the productive life and performance characteristics of a perennial grass-seed crop. A study was conducted to determine the effects of the initial density (1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 plants m−2) and row spacing (20, 40, and 80 cm) of plants on reproductive yield components and seed characteristics of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber), over 3 consecutive production years (1991–1993) in the Peace region of Canada. The weight proportion of cleaned-to-uncleaned seed was 85–86% for the three lowest plant densities and then decreased, as density increased, to 82% at 12.5 plants m−2 and 66% at 100 plants m−2. The 1000-seed weight decreased as density increased and ranged from 1.68 to 2.22 g (i.e., 595 000 to 450 000 seeds kg−1). The specific seed weight ranged from 18 to 31 kg hL−1; it differed among years, but the effect of plant density was inconsistent. The germination capacity of the seed was unaffected by plant density, but differed among years; it averaged 87%, 88% and 59% in 1991, 1992 and 1993, respectively. The seed yield/plant, the number of panicles/plant, and the number of seeds/plant decreased exponentially as plant density increased. The number of clean seeds/panicle decreased, as plant density increased, in the first year but was less affected subsequently, particularly with the 20-cm row spacing. The seed yield was correlated closely with the number of panicles m−2 (r = 0.659***). An initial density no greater than 25 plants m−2 in rows spaced 20–40 cm apart enhanced seed quality by producing a greater proportion of clean seed which had a higher 1000-seed weight. Such a plant density, however, is at the low end of the optimum range for maximizing seed yield per unit land area. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreber, population density, plant and row spacing, yield components, seed quality

Growth, seed yield and water use of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in a short-season Mediterranean-type environment

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mwanamwenge ◽  
S. P. Loss ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique ◽  
P. S. Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Canopy Development

Summary. A number of studies conducted in Western Australia have shown that faba bean has considerable potential as a pulse crop in the low to medium rainfall cropping regions (300–450 mm/year). However, its yield is variable and can be low in seasons when rainfall is less than average. Traits associated with the adaptation of 10 diverse faba bean genotypes to low rainfall, Mediterranean-type environments were evaluated at Merredin in south-western Australia over 2 contrasting seasons. Plant density was varied with seed size to ensure all genotypes achieved similar canopy development and dry matter production. Time to flowering appeared to be the most important trait influencing seed yield of faba bean in this environment. Seed yield was significantly correlated with time to 50% first flower in 1994 and 1995 (r2 = 0.61 and 0.82 respectively, P<0.01). In the dry 1994 season, rapid leaf area development in ACC286 allowed a greater absorption of photosynthetically active radiation resulting in more dry matter accumulation than other genotypes. ACC286 also had greater root length density at 20–30 cm depth compared with Icarus and the standard cultivar Fiord. There were no significant differences in total water use between the genotypes examined, although the pattern of water use varied markedly. The ratio of pre- to post-flowering water use was about 1:1 in the early flowering and high yielding ACC286 and 2.6 :1 for the late maturing, low yielding Icarus. Seed yield and harvest index were positively correlated with post-flowering water use (r2 = 0.75 and 0.71 respectively). Above-average rainfall in 1995 resulted in increased yield of all genotypes, particularly ACC286 which again produced the highest yields. Early flowering genotypes with rapid dry matter accumulation in the seedling stages (such as ACC286) could widen the adaptation of faba bean to low rainfall, Mediterranean-type environments and situations where sowing is delayed.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing on Seed Yield of Indigenous Rangeland and Forage Grass Species Grown under Drip Irrigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saleem K. Nadaf ◽  
Safaa M. Al-Farsi ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Hinai ◽  
Abdul Aziz S. Al-Harthi ◽  
Ahmed N. Al-Bakri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Chloris Gayana ◽  
Narrow Row

Two indigenous rangeland forage species, Cenchrus ciliaris and Coelachyrum piercei, were investigated for their response to varying inter-row (50 and 100-cm) and inter plant spacing (25, 50 and 100-cm) under drip irrigation along with the perennial popular forage, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). Expression of traits, such as plant stand, plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles and seed yield, differed under varying inter-row and inter-plant spacing in different harvests. The grass species produced higher seed yield due to less interplant competition under wider (100-cm) than under narrow row (50-cm) spacing. Chloris gayana produced highest mean seed yield in wider inter-plant spacing (100-cm) under both inter-row spacings, viz. 100-cm (488 kg/ha) and 50-cm (449 kg/ha), followed by Cenchrus ciliaris (449 kg/ha under 100-cm and 377 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing) and Coelachyrum piercei (274 kg/ha under 100-cm and 210 kg/ha under 50-cm row spacing). In respect of seed quality for samples harvested selectively or in bulk, the three grasses showed very low germination when tested immediately (1-2 weeks) after harvest, not only for bulk seed (0 to 1.5%) but also for selected seed (0.8% to 2.8%). Mean germination of grass species recorded after 12 months of harvests was significantly greater (53 %) than that recorded after 5 months (34 %) of harvests. Of the three grass species, Cenchrus ciliaris recorded significantly (p<0.01) highest germination % (50 %) followed by Chloris gayana (41 %) and Coelachyrum piercei (39 %). Selected seeds had significantly (p<0.01) higher germination (53 %) than bulk seeds (33 %).Keywords: 

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