scholarly journals Factors Affecting Hygienic Milk Production for Farmers of Nadia Dist.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Present Study Area ◽  
Area Use ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Good Hygiene

In Nadia dist, sub clinical mastitis in crossbred cows is abig and silent problem which leads to huge economic losses tofarmers. Therefore, it is very essential to study influence of hygienicmilk production on subclinical mastitis (SCM). Present study wasconducted at villages Nadia dist, WB. A total of 110 milk sampleswere collected and analysed. The SCM were determined by milksomatic cell count (SCC), milk pH and Modified California MastitisTest (MCMT). The observations, information of milking managementwere collected by pretested questionnaire. Analysis of data revealedthat Log 10 SCC (cells / ml) were significantly (P<0.01) higher inSCM cows (6.15 ± 0.05) as compared to no-SCM cows (4.23 ± 0.04).The SCC X 105 (cells / ml) were found to be higher in SCM animals(29.91 ± 3.85) as compared to no-SCM animals (1.12 ± 0.88). TheRange of Log SCC (cells / ml) greatly varied between SCM cows(5.01 to 7.56) and no-SCM cows (3.79 to 5.22). The MCMT gradewas lowered in no- SCM animals (1.03 ± 0.15) as compared to SCManimals (3.87 ± 0.07). The milk pH were higher in SCM cows (6.92± 0.02) as compared to no- SCM cows (6.34 ± 0.03). The fat (%)content was estimated to be lower in SCM animal (2.99 ± 0.07) ascompared to no-SCM animal (3.64 ± 0.15) whereas SNF (%) werehigher in no- SCM cows (7.63 ± 0.08) as compared to SCM cows(6.99 ± 0.06). All dairy farmers of present study area use to carry outtheir daily milking by hand and generally it was done by Gowala, aprofessional milker. All most all cows were Jersey cross-bred. All thelactating cows were fed with additional concentrates according totheir milk yield. The association between animal keeping pattern andhygiene status, cleanliness in animals, shed and milkers atfarmer’s house revealed that farmer having single cow, most of them(78.57%) maintaining good hygiene status, cleanliness but farmerhaving >3 cows, most of them (50%) maintaining poor hygienestatus, cleanliness where as farmer having 2-3 cows most of them(54.55%) maintaining medium type hygiene status, cleanliness intheir milking cows, housing of animal and milkers who were usingtheir hand for milking everyday at farmer’s house. The Chi-squre testvalue found to be significant (P<0.05). The study can be concludedthat there is a significant association between animal keeping patternand hygiene status, cleanliness at study area and efforts towardsincreased cleanliness and hygiene status in all aspects of milkingmanagement towards higher clean milk production and loweringincidence of sub-clinical mastitis in Nadia district.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Hygienic Milk Production for Farmers of Nadia Dist.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Present Study Area ◽  
Area Use ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Good Hygiene

In Nadia dist, sub clinical mastitis in crossbred cows is abig and silent problem which leads to huge economic losses tofarmers. Therefore, it is very essential to study influence of hygienicmilk production on subclinical mastitis (SCM). Present study wasconducted at villages Nadia dist, WB. A total of 110 milk sampleswere collected and analysed. The SCM were determined by milksomatic cell count (SCC), milk pH and Modified California MastitisTest (MCMT). The observations, information of milking managementwere collected by pretested questionnaire. Analysis of data revealedthat Log 10 SCC (cells / ml) were significantly (P<0.01) higher inSCM cows (6.15 ± 0.05) as compared to no-SCM cows (4.23 ± 0.04).The SCC X 105 (cells / ml) were found to be higher in SCM animals(29.91 ± 3.85) as compared to no-SCM animals (1.12 ± 0.88). TheRange of Log SCC (cells / ml) greatly varied between SCM cows(5.01 to 7.56) and no-SCM cows (3.79 to 5.22). The MCMT gradewas lowered in no- SCM animals (1.03 ± 0.15) as compared to SCManimals (3.87 ± 0.07). The milk pH were higher in SCM cows (6.92± 0.02) as compared to no- SCM cows (6.34 ± 0.03). The fat (%)content was estimated to be lower in SCM animal (2.99 ± 0.07) ascompared to no-SCM animal (3.64 ± 0.15) whereas SNF (%) werehigher in no- SCM cows (7.63 ± 0.08) as compared to SCM cows(6.99 ± 0.06). All dairy farmers of present study area use to carry outtheir daily milking by hand and generally it was done by Gowala, aprofessional milker. All most all cows were Jersey cross-bred. All thelactating cows were fed with additional concentrates according totheir milk yield. The association between animal keeping pattern andhygiene status, cleanliness in animals, shed and milkers atfarmer’s house revealed that farmer having single cow, most of them(78.57%) maintaining good hygiene status, cleanliness but farmerhaving >3 cows, most of them (50%) maintaining poor hygienestatus, cleanliness where as farmer having 2-3 cows most of them(54.55%) maintaining medium type hygiene status, cleanliness intheir milking cows, housing of animal and milkers who were usingtheir hand for milking everyday at farmer’s house. The Chi-squre testvalue found to be significant (P<0.05). The study can be concludedthat there is a significant association between animal keeping patternand hygiene status, cleanliness at study area and efforts towardsincreased cleanliness and hygiene status in all aspects of milkingmanagement towards higher clean milk production and loweringincidence of sub-clinical mastitis in Nadia district.

scholarly journals Economic Impacts of Clinical and Sub Clinical Mastitis on Dairy Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Islam Aqib ◽  
Afshan Muneer ◽  
Muhammad Shafeeq ◽  
Nimra Kirn
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Invasive Infection

Studies have reported on the economic impacts of clinical and subclinical mastitis on dairy farms. Bovine mastitis is a disorder that affects dairy farms and has a major economic impact. Most of the economic losses are the result of mastitis. Mastitis is an invasive infection that is among the most numerous and highly complicated infections in the dairy sector. Mastitis is one of the most expensive diseases in terms of production losses among animal diseases. Mastitis reduces milk production, changes milk composition, and shortens the productive life of infected cows. Farmers must concentrate on avoiding mastitis infection whilst putting in place and following a mastitis control programed. Bovine mastitis, the most significant disease of dairy herds, has huge effects on farm economics. Mastitis losses are due to reduced milk production, the cost of treatments, and culling. Major factors related to low milk yield could be low genetic potential as well as poor nutritional and managerial approaches. Most of the losses are related to somatic cell count (SCC), which is characterised by an increase in the percentage of milk. Culling costs are the costs of rearing or buying a replacement animal, mostly heifers. Overhead impacts include the replacement animals' lower milk supply effectiveness. The expense of replacing animals prematurely due to mastitis is one of the most significant areas of economic loss.

Serum Metabolic Markers Pre and Postpartum in Holstein Cows According to the Mastitis Occurrence

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schwegler ◽  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Ana Rita Tavares Krause ◽  
Paula Montagner ◽  
Eduardo Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Extensive Management ◽  
Early Postpartum

 Background: Bovine mastitis causes major economic losses for milk producers by reducing the quantity and the quality of the milk or even leading to the complete loss of the mammary gland secretory capacity. During the transition period, dairy cows are susceptible to infectious diseases; therefore, markers that allow early identification of cows in higher risk of developing diseases are especially useful at this time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate serum markers in the pre and postpartum of multiparous dairy cows with clinical mastitis and with health condition in the postpartum period in a semi-extensive management system.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-Six Holstein cows were monitored daily during milking until 59 days postpartum and were categorized according to the pre-milking strip cup test into clinical mastitis (mastitis group (MG)) and absence of symptoms (control group (CG)) that were negative to the test, representing the health cows. All cows were reared as one group and maintained in a semi-extensive pasture-based system. Blood samples were collected weekly after morning milking via venipuncture of the coccinea vein into tubes without anticoagulant and grouped for prepartum (-21 to 0 days from calving), early postpartum (0 to 30 days from calving), and late postpartum (30 to 59 days from calving) periods. Milk production was recorded daily. The serum markers albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphorus, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS®. The cases of clinical mastitis occurred on average at 37.2 ± 4.9 days postpartum. Health cows (CG) had higher milk production compared to the mastitis group (MG) only in the late postpartum period (P < 0.05). There was no difference among groups for albumin and NEFA concentrations in all periods evaluated (P > 0.05). In the early postpartum period the AST activity was higher in CG than in MG (P = 0.02). The GGT enzyme tended to be more concentrated in the CG than in the MG during the early (P = 0.06) and late (P = 0.08) postpartum periods. Late postpartum phosphorus concentration was lower for MG than CG (P = 0.04). In the prepartum and early postpartum periods, there was no difference among groups for phosphorus concentration (P > 0.05).Discussion: A decrease in milk production in MG compared to CG observed in late postpartum period was due to the inci­dence of mastitis observed around 37 days postpartum. Cows that presented clinical mastitis in the postpartum period did not differ in the blood concentration of NEFA in the prepartum period. In the late postpartum period higher concentration of phosphorus was observed in the CG than in MG, indicating that animals affected by mastitis may be in the weakest energy status. Regarding liver health, the concentration of AST was higher in the recent postpartum period for CG, in disagree­ment with previous studies that related AST to tissue injury caused by mastitis. The GGT enzyme tended to had higher concentrations in CG than MG during the whole postpartum period and may be related to increased hepatic metabolism due to higher production. There were no changes in albumin levels among healthy and mastitis cows, indicating that this marker can not be used to predict clinical mastitis. There were no metabolic alterations in the prepartum period related to the occurrence of postpartum mastitis in multiparous cows in a semi-extensive management system.Keywords: AST, dairy cows, NEFA.

scholarly journals Economic Losses due to Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Study in Bidar District of Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakashkumar Rathod ◽  
Shivamurty V. ◽  
Anant Rao Desai
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Development Department

A total of 421 pooled milk samples from zebu/ desi cows, crossbred cows and buffaloes were screened to study the incidence rate and economic losses due to subclinical mastitis (SCM) in 10 villages of two blocks under the World Bank funded, Karnataka watershed Development Department sponsored - Sujala III project during last two years. Nine out of 421 samples (2.13%) were found positive for SCM by CMT. The economic losses due to subclinical form of mastitis were estimated in the range of INR 21,677/- to INR 88,340/- pre animal for a lactation period. The study found that incidence of SCM was also related to managemental practices followed by dairy farmers.

Adoption of Cattle Cross Breeding: A Study of Farmers’ Attitude in Bidar District of Karnataka

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakashkumar Rathod ◽  
Siddaling Swamy Hiremath ◽  
A.G. Bhanu Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Favourable Attitude ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Medium Level

An ex-post-facto and exploratory study was conducted to explore the attitude of 200 dairy farmers towards cross breeding and factors affecting its adoption using pretested interview method in Bidar District of Karnataka. The study revealed that majority of the dairy farmers (74.0 %) belong to medium level of favorability followed by high and low level of favourable attitude towards cross breeding. About 85 per cent respondents perceived that adoption of cross breeding would give them better recognition in society and about 74 per cent farmers felt that cross breeding was essential to improve milk production. The results show that there is a need to give greater emphasis to educate the farmers regarding cross breeding for effective adoption and popularization of the technology.

scholarly journals A Review on Sub Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Subclinical mastitis is the most prevalent and economically destructive disease in dairy cattle throughout the country. It is 3–40 times more common than clinical mastitis and causes the greatest overall losses in most dairy herds. It is a multi etiological complex disease which consists infectious and noninfectious agents as potential risk factors. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cows increases with increased milk production, unhygienic management practices and with increasing number of lactation. There are no visible changes in the udder or milk but it reduces milk production and adversely affects milk quality. Early detection of sub clinical mastitis can be done by various indirect and direct tests.

scholarly journals Investigations of efficacy of intramammary applied antimicrobials and glucocorticosteroides in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis in cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Vakanjac ◽  
Vojislav Pavlovic ◽  
Vladimir Magas ◽  
Milos Pavlovic ◽  
Miloje Djuric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Prednisolone Acetate ◽  
Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽  
Procaine Penicillin ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis

Inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis in cows, presents one of the most acute problems in intensive dairy production, inflicting huge economic losses. In the course of one year, 80 samples were taken at investigated farms from udder quarters of cows with clinical mastitis and 160 samples from udder quarters of cows with subclinical mastitis. The efficacy of three preparations, A, B, and C, was examined in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows. The investigations indicate that antibiotic preparation A (neomycin, polimixine B, oleandomycin and prednisolone) exhibited a greater efficacy in the treatment of clinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Micrococcus sp., but a smaller efficacy in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Preparation B (amoxicillin, clavulanic acid and prednisolone) exhibited a higher efficacy in the treatment of clinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Micrococcus, but a weaker effect in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Preparation C (procaine penicillin G, streptomycin, neomycin sulfate and prednisolone acetate) exihibited efficacy in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichie coli.

Effect of dry cow therapy on incidence of clinical mastitis,milk yield and composition in crossbred cows

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwani Tiwari ◽  
T. K. Mohanty ◽  
T. K. Patbandha ◽  
A. Kumaresan ◽  
M. Bhakat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
The Impact

Mastitis is considered as one of the important production disease in dairy cows which incurs huge economic losses to dairy industry, despite considerable efforts has been dedicated to solve it for the last two decades. In the present study, the impact of dry cow therapy (DCT) on incidence of clinical mastitis, milk yield and composition in crossbred cows was studied. About 20 healthy crossbred cows were selected at dry-off and randomly allotted either to control or treatment group. Daily milk yield of cows was recorded up to 45 days post-partum and fortnightly separate quarter wise milk samples were collected for estimation of milk composition. While no quarter in the treatment group showed clinical mastitis, 33.33% of quarters in control group showed clinical mastitis within 45 days post-partum. Milk production increased by 9.71, 8.40 and 18.18% during first, second and third fortnight with overall value 11.84% during the entire 45 days post-calving period in DCT treated cows compared to control group. Also, the overall fat-corrected milk, solid-corrected milk and energy-corrected milk production following 45 days post-partum increased significantly (P<0.05) by 22.71, 23.70 and 22.80%, respectively in treated group than control group. However, overall mean milk components such as fat, protein, lactose, SNF and TS remained similar between treatment and control groups. Taken together, the above results indicated that DCT increased milk yield by reducing incidence of clinical mastitis during early lactation.

Interleukin-6 in quarter milk as a further prediction marker for bovine subclinical mastitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Sakemi ◽  
Yutaka Tamura ◽  
Katsuro Hagiwara
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Future Prediction ◽  
Cross Tabulation

Subclinical mastitis (SM) is a major concern in the dairy industry because it causes economic losses and can lead to clinical mastitis. The mechanisms of the onset and progression of SM are not fully understood, and a new procedure for the detection and appropriate prediction of SM leading to clinical mastitis is necessary for dairy cow management. Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 are known to be present in inflamed mammary glands at the onset of mastitis, and IL-6 concentrations correlate with the levels of inflammation. In this study, the detection of IL-6 was examined for the evaluation for the future prediction of SM in 77 quarter milk samples from 20 cows. IL-6 concentrations in quarter milk were measured by sandwich ELISA, and the data were compared with milk somatic cell count (SCC) levels to diagnose SM. Average IL-6 concentration was significantly higher in SM quarter milk (207·0±441·6 pg/ml) than in healthy control quarter milk (12·6±33·4 pg/ml, P<0·01). Results of the cross-tabulation table show that SM prediction accuracy based on IL-6 concentration was almost equal or superior to SM prediction accuracy based on SCC. The detection of IL-6 in milk indicated SM earlier than did the detection of elevated SCC. Thus, the detection of IL-6 in milk could be a future prediction marker for SM.

scholarly journals Financial and economic analyses of the impact of cattle mastitis on the profitability of Egyptian dairy farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1750-1759
Author(s):  
M. F. Azooz ◽  
Safaa A. El-Wakeel ◽  
H. M. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
The Impact

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the different factors affecting the costs of mastitis in cattle, to quantify the annual and monthly financial losses attributed to mastitis, and to estimate production losses using average linear scores found on The Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell count (SCC) sheets and bulk tank SCC per lactation number. Materials and Methods: All data (bovine mastitis-associated costs and expenditures in Egyptian dairy herds) were analyzed using SPSS/PCT, 2001. A partial budget technique using spreadsheet software and the general linear model procedure was used to analyze the productive and financial measures. Results: Mastitis was present in 57.1% of cows (240/420), while clinical mastitis (CM) was present in 19% of them (80/420). The geometric mean of SCC/ml in bulk tank milk samples of 150 cattle dairy farms was 556.3×103. The annual subclinical mastitis (SCM)-related economic loss was 21,933,258.6 LE, and the two most important cost components were the subsequent decrease in milk production and quality premium losses (93% and 7% of SCM costs, respectively). The quality premium loss was 1,369,602.1 LE. On the other hand, the annual economic loss due to decreased milk production as a result of SCM was 20,563,656.5 LE. The total cost of 80 CM cases, including the failure and preventive costs, was 1,196,871.4 LE, including 1,169,150.4 LE failure costs (106,336.0 LE in direct costs and 1,062,814.4 LE in indirect costs) and 27,721.0 LE preventive costs. The average cost per CM case was 28,760.9 LE, including veterinary time and consultation fees of 250.0 LE (1%), labor 562.5 LE (2%), premature culling 736,000.0 LE (77%), decreased milk production 4085.18 LE (13.7%), discarded milk 185.3 LE (1%), and drugs and treatments 328.9 LE (1%). The total costs of CM (expenditures) extra control and preventive measures, including the diagnosis of CM for 80 cows annually in 20 Egyptian dairy farms were 27,721.0 LE, representing 346.5 LE or 1% of the total cost of CM cases. The cost of monitoring and diagnostic measures was 8635.2 LE, representing 107.9 LE or 1% of the total cost of a case of CM. Conclusion: The method used for cost estimation, in this study, is highly adaptable to individual cattle farms and had a major role in assessing specific control and management measures. The concepts described in this paper help to improve our understanding of the full economic impact of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cattle in Egypt. Assessing the economic losses from mastitis to determine the economic costs and losses occurring in Egyptian dairy farms is critical for encouraging farmers to acknowledge the scale of the problem and implement effective management practices aimed at improving mastitis control and reducing the associated costs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document