scholarly journals River Waters Hardness Variations on the Territory of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Given

One of the main criteria for river water quality is overall hardness, the value of which determines its suitability for use in various sectors of the national economy.Availability of the many-year information about the magnitude of the overall hardness of the river waters of the Republic of Tatarstan served as the basis for analyzing its changes in time and space. As an integral indicator, the average annual value of the overall hardness is chosen, the distribution of which throughout the territory of the Republic is clearly reflected in the given skeleton maps. A comparative analysis of the total hardness of river waters, observed in the XX and XXI centuries, showed that its value remained within the category of moderate, medium hardness and hard waters, but there was a redistribution of these values in space. Since the formation of rigidity largely depends on local features of the territory and, first of all, on the heterogeneity of the geological structure of the basin, the analysis of its changes was made commensurate with the geological structure of the three large geographical regions of the Republic of Tatarstan − Pre-Volga, Pre-Kama and Zakamye.The formation of hardness is also influenced by the anthropogenic factor. In the zone of influence of large reservoirs, created in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, a rise in the level of groundwater is observed, changing not only the nature of the underground supply of water bodies of the Republic, but also the quality of river water. The redistribution of general hardness in the south-east of the republic is connected with the activities of oil enterprises, which make significant adjustments to the hydro/chemical composition of natural waters.

scholarly journals River waters hardness variations on the territory of the republic of Tatarstan.

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Given

One of the main criteria for river water quality is overall hardness, the value of which determines its suitability for use in various sectors of the national economy.Availability of the many-year information about the magnitude of the overall hardness of the river waters of the Republic of Tatarstan served as the basis for analyzing its changes in time and space. As an integral indicator, the average annual value of the overall hardness is chosen, the distribution of which throughout the territory of the Republic is clearly reflected in the given skeleton maps. A comparative analysis of the total hardness of river waters, observed in the XX and XXI centuries, showed that its value remained within the category of moderate, medium hardness and hard waters, but there was a redistribution of these values in space. Since the formation of rigidity largely depends on local features of the territory and, first of all, on the heterogeneity of the geological structure of the basin, the analysis of its changes was made commensurate with the geological structure of the three large geographical regions of the Republic of Tatarstan − Pre-Volga, Pre-Kama and Zakamye.The formation of hardness is also influenced by the anthropogenic factor. In the zone of influence of large reservoirs, created in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, a rise in the level of groundwater is observed, changing not only the nature of the underground supply of water bodies of the Republic, but also the quality of river water. The redistribution of general hardness in the south-east of the republic is connected with the activities of oil enterprises, which make significant adjustments to the hydro/chemical composition of natural waters.

scholarly journals A study of some physical, chemical and biological properties of Slabiaat River waters in Al-Muthanna province, Iraq

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
River Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Present study was conducted in order to assess Slabiaat water quality by measuring some physical and chemical factors of river water, the study included a choice of three stations along of Slabiaat River in Samawa city, water samples collected a monthly during the period from September 2013 August 2014. The study involved measuring the Air & water temperatures, pH, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Dissolved oxygen, Total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium, turbidity, and some types of bacteria in River water. The study results showed that the values of air & water temperatures have ranged between (20.1-36.6)?C , (10-21.8) in Slabiaat River, respectively . pH values ranged between (6.6-8.7). Electrical conductivity in study sites record values ranged between (2625-9775) µs? cm. Total dissolved solids showed values are changing through months of study and between stations was highest (5500 mg/L) in S3. Dissolved oxygen values ranged between (4-7 mg/L) in Slabiaat River. Total hardness, calcium and magnesium were (690-2100), (500-1020) and (12.15-325.62) mg CaCO3/L, respectively, either turbidity values were the highest value in the river is (98) NTU, and the lowest was (12) NTU. Also,It has been identified Staphylococcus, E. coli, Vibrio, Proteus & Pseudomonas in river waters. Statistically, significant differences have emerged in all physical and chemical characteristics between months at probability (P? 0.05), while did not show between stations, except for calcium hardness.

scholarly journals Assessment of Kinetic Parameters in the Waters of the Nistru Course in the Section Naslavcea – Dubasari

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Elena Bunduchi ◽  
Gheorghe Duca ◽  
Gladchi Viorica ◽  
Nelli Goreaceva ◽  
Igor Mardari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
River Water ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Current Work ◽  
River Waters ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Reducing Substances

The current work represents the results of a monitoring executed on Nistru River waters between October 2003 and September 2005. The water quality was evaluated on the basis of such kinetic indicators as redox state and capacity of inhibition. The obtained results shows that Nistru River water in the segment Naslavcea village – Dubasari barrage are continuously polluted with reducing substances that diminish the H2O2 content, that actually determines the redox state of natural waters and the content of free radicals.

Monitoring of the State of the Environment in the Zone of Influence of the Landfill of Industrial and Domestic Waste by Bioindication Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
N.A. Chernykh ◽  
Yu.I. Baeva ◽  
D.N. Karabanova ◽  
A.I. Nechepurenko
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
The State ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Test Reactions ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
State Of The Environment

The results of assessing the state of surface water bodies located in the zone of influence of the closed landfill of industrial and household waste "Shcherbinka" (Domodedovsky district of the Moscow region) are presented. The toxicity of river and waste waters of the landfill was determined by the biological effect on two species of higher plants – oats sowing (Avena sativa) and watercress (Lepidium sativum). As test reactions, the length of the roots of oat seedlings, the germination and length of seedlings of watercress seeds were used. It was found that wastewater from the surface and body of the landfill has a pronounced phytotoxic effect (52–98 %), which manifests itself in the suppression of all the assessed indicators. The high toxicity of river water in the place of discharge of leachate from the waste disposal facility was shown (the phytoeffect value reaches 37 %). As you move away from the source of pollution (when moving downstream of the river), mixing the leachate with river water reduces the concentration of chemicals in the waters to levels that are safe for plants. The values of the estimated indicators obtained during biotesting of river waters at a distance from the landfill are comparable with the control ones. The experiment revealed a similar sensitivity to toxicants of two plants selected as test objects.

scholarly journals Program of Measures on Mitigation of the Lena River Waters’ Negative Impact: Methodical Approach and Implementation Stages

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Lena River ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effectiveness Assessment

A methodical approach to development of measures aimed at mitigation of the Lena River natural waters negative impact on the basis of the social/economic effectiveness assessment recommended in the “Development of water sector of Russian Federation in 2012- 2020” Federal target program is presented. Within the framework of this approach the list of target indicators for social/economic effectiveness assessment of the proposed measures is defined more accurately and expanded. Calculation of the target indicators enables to rank measures in terms of priority of their implementation. The Program covers measures in more than 150 inhabited locations of Irkutsk Oblast and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya). The priority is given to the integrated solutions that can provide considerable rising of the population, developed territories, and economical units’ protection level in respect of the Lena River natural waters negative impact. The first group comprises the first priority and effective actions to provide protection for inhabited locations with number of inhabitants exceeding 1000 persons in the flooded zone and the most socially-significant economic units, with financial expenditures not exceeding 1.5 million rubles per person. The second group includes actions with lower economic effectiveness and the number of inhabitants of the natural waters negative impact affected territories of 500–1000. The third group of measures was decided to be ineffective.

Exile and the Republic: Thomas McGrath and the Legacy of Jefferson's America

Prospects ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
David Haven Blake
Keyword(s):  
American Revolution ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
American Empire ◽  
Modernist Poetry ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
Thomas Mcgrath ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
Usable Past ◽  
Willful Defiance

Of the many authorities Thomas McGrath rejected during his life, one of the most significant was the American Revolution, for his work explicitly questions the founders as a source of aesthetic and political creativity. “The National Past has its houses,” he writes in Letter to an Imaginary Friend, “but their fires have long gone out!” From his pronouncing the death of Virginia's deified presidents to his condemnation of the “local colorist” hunting for patriotic “HEADwaters” by which to camp, the poet's renunciation of the “false Past” amounts to a coherent commentary on the relations between American politics and modernist poetry (Letter, 315). E. P. Thompson has remarked in paving homage to his friend that “McGrath is a poet of alienation…. His trajectory has been that of willful defiance … At every point when the applause – anyone's applause, even the applause of the alienated – seemed about to salute him, he has taken a jagged fork to a wilderness of his own making.” Although his language strongly recalls that of Emerson's “Self-Reliance,” Thompson views McGrath as more than a romantic individualist. McGrath's alienation was not simply the estrangement that Marx saw afflicting all of capitalist society, nor was it a momentarily fashionable pose; rather, it was a calculated and thorough opposition to what Thompson calls “official culture” and its destruction of political, historical, and literary values. McGrath's refusal to make a “usable past” out of the American Revolution participates in this general defiance of “official culture,” as his work insistently reminds us that among the regular patrons of Monticello and Mt. Vernon were the many establishment poets well entrenched in bourgeois universities. In defying modernism's efforts to renovate the 18th century, McGrath makes a wilderness of his own, a wilderness which grows in opposition to the wellplowed fields of American empire.

PREVALENCE OF ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF DAGESTAN AND THE CONTENT OF Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb IN SOILS AND NATURAL WATERS OF THE TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Sh.K. Salikhov ◽  
◽  
D.Z. Alieva ◽  
U.A. Magomedova ◽  
S.О. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geochemical Factors ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the study is to determine the role of geochemical factors (the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soils and natural waters of the plain zone of Dagestan) in the prevalence of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) among the population of children. Materials and methods of research: an observational cross-sectional (one-step) study of the prevalence of EAH in the child population was carried out. The prevalence rates of EAH among children in the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan are calculated for 100,000 children 0–17 years old, without taking into account gender differences. The content of elements (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the environment (soil, natural waters) was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) of indicators of the content of metals (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the regions and objects (soils, natural waters) of the study revealed a statistically significant difference in the data (for soils: F=81,06772, p<0,0002; for natural waters: F=58,86451, p<0,00001). The dependence of children's EAH on the content of chemical elements in the objects of the biosphere of Dagestan was determined, which was expressed in an increase in the number of patients with EAH when Pb content exceeded (r=+ 0,576, r=+ 0,759) and with the decrease of Mg (r=–0,668, r=–0,173), K (r=–0,440, r=–0,636), Ca (r=–0,693, r=–0,533), Zn (r=–0,051, r=–0,827) in soils and natural waters. Conclusion: when assessing the pathogenesis of EAH in the population of children, the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soil and water should be taken into account, since these microelements, entering the body with water and food, affect the elemental status of child's body.

Lepanto and Beyond

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Media Campaign ◽  
Scholarly Discussion ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many

The Battle of Lepanto, celebrated as the greatest triumph of Christendom over its Ottoman enemy, was soon transformed into a powerful myth through a vast media campaign. Lepanto – or rather, the varied storytelling and the many visual representations that contributed to shape the perception of the battle in Christian Europe – is the main focus of this book. In a broader perspective, Lepanto and Beyond also gathers reflections on the construction of religious alterity and offers analyses of specific case studies taken from different fields, investigating the figure of the Muslim captive in reality, artistic depiction, and literature. With different themes related to the Republic of Genoa, the authors also aim to redress a perceived imbalance and to restore the important role of the Genoese in the general scholarly discussion on Lepanto and its images.

Commensality, Politics, and Plato

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Michael Jackson ◽  
Damian Grace
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Second Best ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many

Plato recommended common meals, syssitia, in both the Republic and the Laws, one of the few consistencies between the two books separated by the many years of his life. Though he changed much else in his portrait of a perfected city set out in the Republic, he retained the syssitia in the Laws. Why? Moreover, Plato says the practice is so amazing and frightening that a person might be reluctant to mention it. What made the meals so extraordinary? What made common meals so important that even at the end of his life, Plato clung to this one feature first outlined in the Republic when so much else changed? To anticipate the conclusion: syssitia offered a foundation for the whole of civil society, including women. The meals brought citizens together in public, and tempered egotism and greed. They provided a daily lesson in comportment and civility. On these foundations, the meals schooled participants in unity. Common meals had political purposes that were instrumental, educational, and moral. While the Laws abandoned the thoroughgoing communism of property and family of the Republic, commensality remained as the foundation of community in what Plato called the second-best state.

scholarly journals The degree analysis of hydrobionts response to the content of chemicals in the water of the upper and middle reaches of the Belaya River (Republic of Bashkortostan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Boris Yuryevich Chaus
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Hydrochemical Parameters ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Invertebrate Animals ◽  
State Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Reliable Correlation ◽  
Water Vegetation

The paper deals with the analysis of bioindicator opportunities of hydrobionts of various systematic categories that helps to assess and forecast anthropogenic pollution of the Belaya River (the top and average currents) during environmental monitoring of natural waters of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Hydrobionts were collected and the occurrence analysis (in unit shares) of 30 species of invertebrate animals from groups Pyramidelloida, Littorinimorpha, Pulmonata, Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and 12 species of the highest water vegetation was carried out from 2005 to 2017 in regions of 10 state water posts on the Belaya River. The data from annual State reports on the average annual content of compounds of manganese, nickel and iron, oil products, phenols, nitrogen ammoniyny, copper and zincum were used as hydrochemical parameters during the research. The reliable correlation between some water organisms with chemicals and their connections was defined in the water of the Belaya River. The author also constructs for the first time an indicator range of hydrobionts on decrease extent in their response to the chemicals content in the studied water. Similar approach can be used for recommendations development about the use of biological analyses while identifying the chemicals influencing water fauna and flora.

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