scholarly journals GIS support for monitoring agricultural land in the land management system (on the example of the Volgograd region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Elena Denisova ◽  
Viktoria Silova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Land Management System ◽  
Harsh Conditions

The lack of an up-to-date cartographic basis leads to uncontrolled land turnover, does not reflect their real state and use, thereby leading to the destruction and degradation of not only individual components of the agricultural landscape, but also entire natural systems. Agrolandscape is a complex ecological system that, under harsh conditions of consumption, loses its ability to self-repair and regulate for a very long time. And each of its components needs to be accounted for, monitored, and protected. Geoinformation monitoring ensures the sustainability of both individual components and the entire agricultural landscape, contributes to the formation of effective agriculture and land use, increases the productivity of land and prevents the development of degradation processes. Monitoring of the territory of the Kislovsky rural settlement of the Bykovsky district of the Volgograd region according to 2004 data does not reflect the actual state and order of use of agricultural land and forest resources. The boundaries and areas of dehumified land have changed, and within the boundaries of the forest fund, according to Roseyestr, there are land plots with cadastral numbers ZU 34:02:010001:185, ZU 34:02:010001:104, ZU 34:02:010001:100, with an area of 2.7 hectares each for agricultural production. The area of forest areas has decreased from 576 ha to 484 ha or 16 %, the humus content in the soils is low—1.7 %, which is critical in the agro-climatic conditions of the Volgograd region. The location of agricultural land plots within the boundaries of the forest fund lands contradicts the land legislation, violates the safety and integrity of forest stands, leads to degradation, desertification and destruction of the ecological framework.

Effects of Seasonal and Perennial Climatic Fluctuations on Geographical Distribution of the Enhanced Vegetation Index EVI of Arable Land in the Bryansk Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Grigory V. LOBANOV ◽  
Marina V. AVRAMENKO ◽  
Anna Yu. CHAROCHKINA ◽  
Nikolay N. DROZDOV
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Enhanced Vegetation Index ◽  
Lithological Composition

This article discusses the patterns of geographical distribution of the enhanced vegetation index EVI within the Bryansk region (upper Dnieper basin, south-western Russia) in the spring months of 2010-2015. The factors of index distribution, based on agricultural land monitoring data in other regions, are described. The crucial role of abiotic (topography, soil) and biotic factors in the distribution of the EVI is shown. The generalized data of meteorological observations of 2010-2015 are presented; the effects of their high variability on the range of the EVI values and its geographical distribution are shown. Data on the differences in the EVI distribution in the spring months of 2010-2015 is presented, which are explained by the differing periods of phenological seasons, surface relief characteristics (flat and convex watersheds, drainage conditions), lithological composition and humus content in the upper horizons of arable soil. A qualitative relationship between spring changes in the EVI for arable land and the combination of edaphic factors of agro-landscape functioning is established and the mechanisms that ensure such differences are presented. The use of the EVI distribution patterns is justified in the years with different climatic conditions to identify arable lands with different surface topography and soil characteristics.

scholarly journals Regularities of water consumption of grasses in forest pastures by types of agricultural landscape in the Volga steppe zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Pyotr Nikolaevich Proezdov ◽  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Eskov ◽  
Dmitry Anatolyevich Mashtakov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Panfilov ◽  
Vladimir Viktorovich Dubrovin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Steep Slopes

 Water consumption and productivity of grasslands are closely related to the type and degree of protection from erosion of the agricultural landscape. One of the main indicators of the type of agricultural landscape is the slope of the slope, which determines the level of soil fertility and productivity of agricultural land. With an increase in the slope, especially on erosive types of agricultural landscape (>30), the thickness of the a+B horizons decreases by more than 3 times from 64 cm on the plakor (<10) to 20 cm on steep slopes (10-200). The humus content in the soil horizon a decreases from 4.69 to 1.97%, or 2.72% in absolute value. Over 35 years, the complex of anti-erosion techniques has increased the power of soil horizons A+B, depending on the type of agricultural landscape, by 1-6 cm, the content of humus-by 0.16 - 0.36%, NPK – by 9.1-30.0%: a larger increase corresponds to the erosive types of agricultural landscape (>30). Productivity and water consumption of pasture lands depend on the level of soil fertility, snowiness of winters, the degree of moisture in the growing season, and the growth dynamics of pasture grasses. In the average humidification years (2015,2016) on open types of agricultural landscape, the productivity of grasses was 1.23-3.14 t / ha, the coefficient of water consumption -675-1538 m3 / t, and under the influence of anti-erosion techniques, respectively-1.73-4.05 t/ha and 627-1242 m3/t. The difference in water consumption coefficients reaches 23.8% on steep slopes (10-200). In dry years with the previous snowy winter on open types of agricultural landscape, the coefficient of water consumption is 930-1500m3/t, under the influence of anti-erosion techniques-703-1169 m3/t, or less by 32.7-28.3%. In wet years, the water consumption coefficient takes the lowest values due to the high productivity of grasses (5.61-8.89 t/ha). The complex of anti-erosion agrotechnical and forest-reclamation techniques is created in accordance with the type of agricultural landscape: on slopes with a steepness of 0-50-forest strips and mulched crevices; 5-80-forest strips and shrubby scenes; >80 - protective forest stands on terraces.

scholarly journals On issue of inventory of irrigated lands in Volgograd region using remote monitoring methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. V. Denisova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Maximum Slope ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Irrigated Lands

Purpose: justification of the need for irrigated lands inventory and their allocation into a separate category as the main component of the agricultural landscape that forms the ecological stability and sustainability of agricultural production. Materials and methods. The research was carried out within the boundaries of Svetloyarsk district Volgograd region. The object of research is a semi-desert zone of light chestnut soils. The research was carried out using aerospace observation methods in combination with geoinformation technologies and computer modeling. As a result of computer processing and transformation of space photographs, an overview space photomap of the research region is created, on which a coordinate grid, boundaries and additional attributive information are plotted. For geoinformation analysis and implementation of data processing, the QGIS 3.12 software package was used. The images were obtained from the Sentinel-2, Landsat-8 or Landsat-7 satellites, and they make it possible to carry out the whole complex of studies related to obtaining information on the state of agricultural land. Results. The location, boundaries and actual use of 2355 plots of arable land have been determined, of which 1424 are irrigated. The features of each specific site, namely the area, minimum and maximum slope angles, elevation differences and other characteristics have been determined, which made it possible to determine the suitability of these sites for irrigation purposes more accurately. Conclusions. Clarification of the nature and intensity of the use of land plots, of which more than 60 % are irrigated, requires their detailed inventory and tracking of ongoing changes. The maximum (1071 hectares) and minimum (0.7 hectares) areas of irrigated areas, the maximum slope angle of 8.18 grade, the vertical drop up to 131 m and the configuration characterize the course of erosion processes during irrigation. The discrepancy in the areas within the boundaries of Raygorodsky rural settlement was 148.26 hectares, which reflects the real picture of the irrigated lands use and availability.

scholarly journals Investigation and Assessment of Soil Fertility in Agroforest Landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Belyaev ◽  
A A Tubalov ◽  
A V Koshelev ◽  
A M Belyakov ◽  
S D Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The article presents the research materials of agrochemical properties of soil land use in the agricultural production co-operative ”Kolos”, Oktyabrsky district of the Volgograd region. The studied agroforestry landscape is located on the left bank of the Tsimlyansk reservoir, in the watershed of the Myshkov River. The territory of the farm is typical for the light chestnut sub -- zone of soils in the South of the Volgograd region. The results of the research are data on agrochemical properties of soils, their analysis and relative assessment, as well as proposals for improving fertility. The analysis of soil samples was carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the comprehensive monitoring of soil fertility of agricultural land. The soil sample was taken from an area of 40 hectares and is a mixed sample composed of 20 individual samples taken from the depth of the arable layer (0 -- 0.30 m). The total area of the surveyed arable land is 13.3 thousand hectares. Under laboratory conditions, chemical analyses were carried out and such parameters of soil fertility as humus content, content of macronutrients (NPK), content of water-bearing salts, soil granulometric composition, pH index were determined. Laboratory data are summarized in the table. The analysis of experimental data revealed the ranges of the studied parameters and identified four groups of relative soil fertility: fields with high, medium, low and very low fertility. The grouping of fields based on the account of soil fertility will allow using more differentiated and effective application of the system of measures aimed at increasing the yield and preserving soil fertility.

scholarly journals BASIC CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLES FOR MULTI-FUNCTIONAL HYDRO AGROLANDSCAPE SYSTEMS

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Zh.S. Mustafayev ◽  
◽  
A.A. Sagaev ◽  
Y.N. Alimbaev ◽  
V.V. Pchelkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Soil Forming Processes

Based on the principles of natural analogies, the necessary diversity, the ability of soil formation and the integration of knowledge, multifunctional hydroagrolandscape systems have been developed, including multifunctional systems (crop rotation fields and irrigation technique), which ensure the fulfillment of the ecological and economic functions of the soils of hydroagrolandscape systems. Multifunctional hydro-agrolandscape systems for the purposeful regulation of the soil-forming process on irrigated crop rotation fields by designing crop rotation and an irrigation system on irrigated lands (hydro-agricultural landscape system) with the linkage of agricultural crops to irrigation equipment and technology, which move along with agricultural crops according to the rotational scheme, adopted in the crop rotation, ensure the maximum possible use of solar energy for the soil-forming process in specific natural and climatic conditions. The environment-forming functions of a multifunctional hydro-agrolandscape system are provided on the basis of the use of integral criteria to ensure the agroecological sustainability of irrigated crop rotations (hydroagrolandscapes), taking into account geoecological restrictions, that is, the weighted average irrigation rate (water demand deficit) of agricultural crops in the crop rotation should not exceed the deficit of the ecological water requirement of agricultural land systems. Thus, the design of highly productive hydrolandscape systems requires ensuring compliance with not only the principles of the necessary diversity and natural analogies, based on the creation of se-rotations with mobile irrigation techniques to control and regulate soil-forming processes, that is, the soil as an object of influence (reclamation) performing an ecological function , and agricultural crops as a subject perform an economic function, requires the need, on the basis of the principle of knowledge integration, to form ways of regulating the natural process that provide targeted regulation and control of soil-forming processes as environment-forming systems.

SELECTION WORK TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVE AND BREWING QUALITIES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
О. V. Levakova ◽  
L. М. Eroshenko ◽  
А. N. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Labile Phosphorus ◽  
Loam Soil

The article presents and analyzes data of competitive varietal testing of promising varieties and lines of spring barley for yield and brewing qualities. Field studies were conducted in 2014–2017 on dark gray forest heavy loam soil. Agrochemical parameters are total nitrogen – 0.24%, humus content in a layer of 0-40 cm (according to Tyurin) – 5.19%, hydrolysis nitrogen – 123.5 mg / kg, salt extract pH – 4.92 mg-eq / 100g; labile phosphorus - 34.6 mg / 100g, labile potassium – 20.0 mg / 100g. The forerunner is winter wheat. Meteorological conditions in the years of research differed from each other and from the average long-term value. Barley samples were assessed by the protein content in the grain (GOST 10846-91), extract content (GOST 12130-77), weight 1000 grains (GOST 10842-89). Ecological plasticity was determined by the method proposed by E.D. Nettevich, A.I. Morgunov and M.I. Maksimenko, stability index (Ľ) by A. A. Gryaznov, indicator of stability level (Puss) by E. D. Nettevich and A. I. Morgunov. The main measure for assessing quality indicators is protein content. Many other biochemical and technological features of grain depend on its level. The experimental data convincingly testify to the significant influence of the soil and climatic conditions on the yield and, especially, on the brewing qualities of barley in the conditions of the Central Region of the Nonchernozem Zone. According to the studied traits, new valuable varieties Nadezhny, Sir, Noble and selection lines 141 / 1-09 h 746, 23 / 1-10 h 784, distinguished by high adaptability and resistance to adverse environmental factors, have been identified.

scholarly journals A Place-Based Approach to Agricultural Nonmaterial Intangible Cultural Ecosystem Service Values

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy R. Petway ◽  
Yu-Pin Lin ◽  
Rainer F. Wunderlich
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Ecosystem Service ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Landscape Biodiversity

Though agricultural landscape biodiversity and ecosystem service (ES) conservation is crucial to sustainability, agricultural land is often underrepresented in ES studies, while cultural ES associated with agricultural land is often limited to aesthetic and tourism recreation value only. This study mapped 7 nonmaterial-intangible cultural ES (NICE) valuations of 34 rural farmers in western Taiwan using the Social Values for Ecosystem Services (SolVES) methodology, to show the effect of farming practices on NICE valuations. However, rather than a direct causal relationship between the environmental characteristics that underpin ES, and respondents’ ES valuations, we found that environmental data is not explanatory enough for causality within a socio-ecological production landscape where one type of land cover type (a micro mosaic of agricultural land cover) predominates. To compensate, we used a place-based approach with Google Maps data to create context-specific data to inform our assessment of NICE valuations. Based on 338 mapped points of 7 NICE valuations distributed among 6 areas within the landscape, we compared 2 groups of farmers and found that farmers’ valuations about their landscape were better understood when accounting for both the landscape’s cultural places and environmental characteristics, rather than environmental characteristics alone. Further, farmers’ experience and knowledge influenced their NICE valuations such that farm areas were found to be sources of multiple NICE benefits demonstrating that farming practices may influence ES valuation in general.

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Drury ◽  
X M Yang ◽  
W D Reynolds ◽  
N B McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Previous Crop

It is well established that nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural land are influenced by the type of crop grown, the form and amount of nitrogen (N) applied, and the soil and climatic conditions under which the crop is grown. Crop rotation adds another dimension that is often overlooked, however, as the crop residue being decomposed and supplying soluble carbon to soil biota is usually from a different crop than the crop that is currently growing. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of both the crop grown and the residues from the preceding crop on N2O and CO2 emissions from soil. In particular, N2O and CO2 emissions from monoculture cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat were compared with 2 -yr and 3-yr crop rotations (corn-soybean or corn-soybean-winter wheat). Each phase of the rotation was measured each year. Averaged over three growing seasons (from April to October), annual N2O emissions were about 3.1 to 5.1 times greater in monoculture corn (2.62 kg N ha-1) compared with either monoculture soybean (0.84 kg N ha-1) or monoculture winter wheat (0.51 kg N ha-1). This was due in part to the higher inorganic N levels in the soil resulting from the higher N application rate with corn (170 kg N ha-1) than winter wheat (83 kg N ha-1) or soybean (no N applied). Further, the previous crop also influenced the extent of N2O emissions in the current crop year. When corn followed corn, the average N2O emissions (2.62 kg N ha-1) were about twice as high as when corn followed soybean (1.34 kg N ha-1) and about 60% greater than when corn followed winter wheat (1.64 kg N ha-1). Monoculture winter wheat had about 45% greater CO2 emissions than monoculture corn or 51% greater emissions than monoculture soybean. In the corn phase, CO2 emissions were greater when the previous crop was winter wheat (5.03 t C ha-1) than when it was soybean (4.20 t C ha-1) or corn (3.91 t C ha-1). Hence, N2O and CO2 emissions from agricultural fields are influenced by both the current crop and the previous crop, and this should be accounted for in both estimates and forecasts of the emissions of these important greenhouse gases. Key words: Denitrification, soil respiration, rotation, crop residue

Selection of drought-resistant crops for South Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
V. V. Gamayunova ◽  
L. H. Khonenko ◽  
M. I. Fedorchuk ◽  
O. A. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Drought Resistant

The cultivation expediency of more drought-resistant crops, in particular sorghum, millet, false flax, safflower and others, instead of sunflower in the area of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine is substantiated. This is, first of all, required by climate change both in Ukraine and in the world. Since 2004, researches of field crops were carried out in the conditions of the Educational and Scientific Practical Center of the Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. Soil phase is the southern chernozem with humus content in the 0–30 cm soil layer which consist of 2.96–3.21 %, with medium and high level of availability of mobile phosphorus and potassium and low – mobile nitrogen. Experiments with soriz (Oksamyt hybrid) were conducted during 2004–2006, millet (Tavriiske, Kostantynivske, Skhidnevarieties) in 2008–2010, grain sorghum (Stepovyi 5 hybrid) in 2014–2016, safflower dye (Lahidnyi variety) in 2017–2019. The years of research differed significantly in temperature and even more in the amount of precipitation before sowing and during the growing season of crops. However, the weather conditions were typical of the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. It is established that all studied drought-resistant crops respond positively to nutrition optimization – the level of yield and quality of grain or seeds increases. It was found that the soriz productivity depending on the application of fertilizers and sowing dates increased by 37.6–39.2 %, millet –by 33.3–41.6 %, grain sorghum depending on the background of nutrition and growing conditions – by 8.2–33.2 %, dye safflower – by 11.1–64.6 %. It was determined that the optimization of nutrition of cultivated crops allows to increase their resistance to adverse conditions and productivity in the case of application of low doses of the mineral fertilizers before sowing, pre-sowing treatment of seeds, and growth-regulating chemical application of plants on the main stages of the growing season. Key words: drought-resistant plants, climatic conditions, nutrition optimization, yield, crop quality, varieties, sowing dates.

Analiza modului de utilizare a terenurilor în Regiunea de Dezvoltare Nord a Republicii Moldova

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iurie Bejan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Agro Forestry

The land use has undergone some changes in the last 30 years, by reducing the areas with arable land, converting multi-annual plantations into other categories of land, etc. According to the current mode of land use, the Northern Development Region has a pronounced agricultural profile - 80.3% of the total area represents agricultural land. The spatial differentiations regarding the morphological and agro-climatic conditions allowed the identification within the region of areas with agro-forestry and agro-pastoral specializations.

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