Gender Income Differentials in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Jia Qi Cheong ◽  
Suresh Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
National Development ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Income Disparities ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Studies related to distribution of income is very important for national development as it is related to efforts also to reducing the gender earnings disparity. Women have overcome many challenges within the labour market, but gender income differentials still persist in Malaysia. As reducing the gender income differentials is one of the ingredients for sustained economic growth, this article examines the gender income distribution in several submarkets within the Malaysian labour market and discusses some initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities therein Keywords: Differentials; Gender; Income; Labour, Malaysia

Gender Income Differentials in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-109
Author(s):  
Jia Qi Cheong ◽  
Suresh Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
National Development ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Income Disparities ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Studies related to distribution of income is very important for national development as it is related to efforts also to reducing the gender earnings disparity. Women have overcome many challenges within the labour market, but gender income differentials still persist in Malaysia. As reducing the gender income differentials is one of the ingredients for sustained economic growth, this article examines the gender income distribution in several submarkets within the Malaysian labour market and discusses some initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities therein Keywords: Differentials; Gender; Income; Labour, Malaysia

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TAX POLICY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, AND ALLOCATION OF TAXES

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Gwartney ◽  
Robert A. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Marginal Tax Rates ◽  
Tax Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Using a sample of seventy-seven countries, this paper focuses on marginal tax rates and the income thresholds at which they apply to examine how the tax changes of the 1980s and 1990s have influenced economic growth, the distribution of income, and the share of taxes paid by various income groups. Many countries substantially reduced their highest marginal rates during the 1985-1995 period. The findings indicate that countries that reduced their highest marginal rates grew more rapidly than those that maintained high marginal rates. At the same time, the income distribution in several of the tax cutting countries became more unequal while there was little change or even a reduction in income inequality in most countries that maintained high marginal rates. Finally, the evidence suggests that there was a shift in the payment of the personal income tax away from those with low and middle incomes and toward those with the highest incomes.

Economic Growth, Income Distribution, and Social Exclusion in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-299
Author(s):  
Anıl Duman ◽  
Alper Duman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Cycles ◽  
Institutional Convergence ◽  
Distribution Of Income

This chapter examines the degree of income and institutional convergence between Turkey and European Union (EU) as well as trends in inequality and poverty by taking a long-term perspective as changes in polices an institutions impact on economic and social outcomes, often with considerable lags. The authors’ findings reveal that Turkey has successfully transformed its inward-looking and largely agricultural economy in the past 35 years into an export-oriented and urban-based economy. The transformation has been achieved mostly in periods of dramatic reform embedded in business and political cycles. Nevertheless, in the most recent era, there have been significant setbacks for certain groups in terms of regulatory environment, equality of opportunity, and access to markets and resources. Although there has been progress in the overall distribution of income and other aspects of social inclusion, convergence to EU standards is not easy to observe in these indicators.

Wachstum und Verteilung

2021 ◽  
pp. 559-577
Author(s):  
Michael Pammer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Stages Of Economic Development ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Income Growth and Distribution. This chapter describes economic growth and the distribution of income and wealth. Data on income are available from the last years of the 19th century onwards, whereas data on wealth are available for the entire century. Of all the Austrian lands, Lower Austria had the highest productivity, the earliest shift from agriculture to other sectors, and the largest wealth. It is a prime example of regions where the income distribution tends to widen from the beginnings of modern economic growth onwards. From the turn of the century on, however, the distribution tends to narrow again. The main reason for these changes lies in the differences in distribution structures between agriculture and the other sectors. Changes in income differentials between branches, or groups in the vertical order of branches, have less impact. The same pattern (growing inequality when a region is more developed) is also visible in synchronous comparisons between regions in different stages of economic development.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN FORMAL, KESEHATAN PENDUDUK, PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL, JUMLAH INVESTASI DAN DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Mike Triani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Variable Distribution ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Data Period ◽  
Distribution Of Income

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze The effect of formal education , international trade , the health of the population the amount of investment , and income distribution affects economic growth in provinces in Indonesia. The scope of this study is to analyze the variable distribution of income , economic growth in the provinces in Indonesia . It also uses a variable formal education , international trade , health , and investment . Based on the time it was collected , the data used in this study using the pooling of data ( panel data) period of 2008 to 2010.Keywords: formal education , international trade , the health of the population total investment and economic growth

scholarly journals The economic development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
efi rahmadhani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
National Development ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

Economic growth essentially aims to improve the welfare of the community, so that increased economic growth is needed and more equitable income distribution. However, if the growth is followed by an improvement in income distribution, it will be difficult to create prosperity for the community in general, because the income distribution is uneven or does not run smoothly, so that it will automatically disrupt the Indonesian economy, and will be in poverty.But the high level of economic inequality in Indonesia has resulted in low income groups unable to access basic needs and services such as food, health and education. This can adversely affect the community and slow down the human development process, as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). Sources of economic inequality, especially in Indonesia, are due to the implementation of the economic system of capitalism, differences in natural resource content, market fundamentalism that encourage rich people to reap the biggest profits from economic growth, increased political capture, gender inequality, low wages lifting itself from poverty, inequality of access between rural and urban areas to infrastructure, a taxation system that fails to play an important role in distributing income.One of the country's efforts to reduce inequality between regions or regions is of course through equitable development in the regions. This is related to regional development, where regional development is an integral part of national development. Thus, it is expected that the results of development will be distributed and allocated to regional levels.

scholarly journals Economic growth and inequality of income distribution between regions: Evidence from Bali Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Dewa Putu Sudibya Sukmaadi ◽  
A.A.Istri Ngurah Marhaeni
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Education Spending ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Bali Province shows a prominent performance in the development of the tourism sector. However, essential problems were found related to inequality in the distribution of income between regions. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of locally-generated revenue, education spending, health spending, investment and infrastructure on economic growth and inequality in income distribution between districts/cities in the province Bali. This study uses a quantitative approach. The study explores panel data that combines time series and cross section data from the Regency / City of Bali Province during 2010 - 2017. The data analysis method uses path analysis. The results showed that local revenue, education spending, government spending on health, investment, and infrastructure had a positive effect on economic growth and reduced income inequality between regions. Economic growth is also able to mediate the influence of variables on inequality. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of planning coordination from each district and city to mutually commit to mobilizing all local resources such as human resources, finance, investment and infrastructure; to generate economic growth and reduce inequality between regions.JEL Classification  E27; H75; R58

scholarly journals An assessment of the debates over income distribution and growth in the Neo-Kaleckian literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-796
Author(s):  
SULAFA NOFAL
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Distributional Effects ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Of Income

ABSTRACT Kaleckian literature is considered an important theme in the post-Keynesian school of economic thought. In the aftermath of the financial crisis, the endeavors of forming a new consensus regarding essential economic issues, in particular achieving economic growth became a need. Thus, the Kaleckian models returned to be in the spot since these models tackle the impact of changes in the distribution of income and address the question whether a redistribution of income away from wages and towards profits is capable of boosting growth. In this sense, this paper return to Kaleckian insights and offers a theoretical discussion of the distributional effects on aggregate demand and economic growth. Moreover, through the lens of neo-Kaleckian tradition, the evolution of the debate on wage-led and profit-led regimes in recent decades can be traced.

scholarly journals KAUSALITAS PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI,KEMISKINAN,PENDIDIKAN DAN DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN DI PULAU SUMATERA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syafika Adriani ◽  
Sri Ulfa Sentosa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Granger Causality Test ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Education And Economic Growth

Abstrack :This study aims to determine the causality relationship between Economic Growth, Poverty, Education and Distribution of Income on the island of Sumatra by using a panel model Vector Autoregresion panel (PVAR) from 2013 to 2017. The research methods used are: (1) Analysis of the Vector Regression Panel , (2) Granger Causality Test. The results showed that (1) there was no causality or one-sided relationship between economic growth and poverty on the island of Sumatera, (2) there was no causality relationship between poverty and income distribution in Sumatera Island, but there was a one-way relationship between poverty and income distribution. (3) There is no causal relationship or one-way relationship between income distribution and education on the island of Sumatera (4) There is no causal relationship between education and economic growth, but there is a one-way relationship between education and economic growth on the island of Sumatera. (5) There is no causality or one direction relationship between growth and income distribution on the island of Sumatera. (6) There is no causal relationship between education and poverty, but there is a one-way relationship of poverty to education on the island of SumateraKeywords: Economic Growth, Poverty, education, Income Distribution

scholarly journals Women’s participation in the Brazilian labour market in the context of economic growth with income distribution (2004-2013)

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-447
Author(s):  
Leone Troncoso
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
High Level

Between 2004 and 2013, Brazilian economy experienced economic growth with improvement in income distribution. In this context, the reduction of the participation of young people continued and it was accompanied by lower participation of adult men and deceleration in increase of adult women?s participation. The good performance of the labour market increased the income of households in which women participated in economic activity. Despite the improvement, in 2013, the number of households with low socioeconomic status in which adult women faced difficulties to participate in economic activity remained significant. Thus, the deceleration in the increase in adult women participation rate occurred in the presence of a significant number of women from low income and low participation rates, while in households with higher income levels the participation rate of adult women reached a very high level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document