scholarly journals INCREASING POPULATION INCOME AS A FACTOR FOR PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL VILLAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 992-1000
Author(s):  
L.K. Subrakova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
The One

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance of introducing special measures of support for the population of small villages on the basis of a generalization of domestic and foreign practices of social benefits during the coronavirus pandemic. The poor situation of small villages, on the one hand, and the relatively low financial cost of payments, limited by territory and social categories, on the other hand, led to the proposal to preserve and develop small villages with the achievement of economic and socio-demographic well-being. In order to curb the process of depopulation in rural areas it is proposed to develop a strategy for the preservation and development of small villages, including a special state policy of income for the population of small villages on the basis of a guaranteed rural minimum income. The conceptual basis of this policy can be the idea of a universal basic income with variations of conditional, selective, both monetary and natural basic income. The implementation of this approach is proposed as an experiment in small villages of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. According to calculations, 50 million rubles a year will be required to pay 437 thousand residents in 5.8 thousand rural settlements of the regions of the Siberian Federal District, or 0.65 % of GRP. As a result, it is expected to reduce excessive income inequality, improve the demographic situation and increase employment. The research is based on the method of dialectical knowledge of processes and phenomena. When studying the issues of the state and trends of changes in the situation of small rural settlements, monographic, abstract-logical and economic-statistical methods were used.

scholarly journals Active Ageing Index in Siberian Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-222
Author(s):  
Elena A. Frolova ◽  
Veronika A. Malanina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Considerable inequality among Russian regions is rooted in social and economic disparities, territorial distribution of production and resources, fiscal capacity and ethno-cultural characteristics. Th e Siberia n Federa l Distric t include s regions with pronounced industry and demographic specificity, causing significant differences in the quality of life of the population in different age groups. We assess the parameters of active ageing depending on regional and territorial aspects to develop measures for establishing the active ageing policy, equalising the opportunities for the older generation to lead a productive life after reaching retirement age. We hypothesise that the differences in individual and social conditions shape the activities of older adults in urban and rural settlements. Based on the international methodology of the Active Ageing Index, we assessed the indicators of active ageing for urban and rural areas of the Siberian Federal District. We revealed some shortcomings of the original methodology and suggested relevant proxy indicators, compensating for the lack of data in Russian statistics. The mean Active Ageing Index for the Siberian Federal district is 26.41 for urban and 23.91 for rural areas. The maximum value of the Active Ageing Index among macro-regions of Russia is 32.2 in the Northwestern Federal District; the maximum among European countries is 44.9 in Sweden. The value of employment indicator in urban areas in Siberia exceeds the rural one by 8 percentage points. However, the parameter of participation in society is lower by 3.5 percentage points. In terms of opportunities for active ageing, this indicator is higher by 7 percentage points in urban areas, while values of the indicator of independent and secure living are almost the same in both areas. The study results may be applicable in the development of social policies promoting active ageing among rural population.

Clustering of the regions of the Siberian Federal District according to the state of reproduction of labor resources of rural territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Nina M. Edrenkina ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr E. Lisitsyn ◽  
Aleksey I. Suchkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Labor Resources

Clustering of the regions of the Siberian Federal District (SFD) was carried out according to the state of reproduction of labor resources in rural areas. The modern problems of reproduction of labor resources in the regions of the SFD are identified, taking into account the peculiarities of each of them. As a result, the distribution of the regions of the Siberian Federal District by the state of labor resources of the rural territories was obtained by the following clusters: national, raw materials and leaders. Recommendations for the development of the reproduction of labor resources in rural areas are offered.

scholarly journals Types of changes of population development of settlements in South Banat (Serbia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-120
Author(s):  
Danica Djurkin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Selective Transformation ◽  
Socioeconomic Transformation ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Relative Change

The existing spatial organization and current demographic situation of settlements in South Banat are the result of the synchronized processes of industrialization, urbanization and deagrarization, which determined the selective transformation of urban and rural areas. The processes mentioned above led to the concentration of population in urban and suburban zones, municipal centers and functionally most developed rural settlements, but also to depopulation of their rural hinterland. The paper discusses changes in the spatial-demographic settlement organization and examines the socioeconomic conditions of settlements transformation. Changes in the population development of settlements were considered based on the analysis of the net relative change in the number of inhabitants in urban and rural settlements, for period from 1961 to 2011. In this way, four main types of settlements were determined: progressive, stagnant, regressive and dominantly regressive type. In order to show the correlation between demographic changes and socioeconomic transformation of settlements, the method of successive (alternating) coefficients was applied. By comparative analysis of these quantitative and qualitative indicators (types), with the application of geographical and historical-genetic methods, a clearer view of changes in the population development of settlements was made, which was the goal of the research.

Effect of lisinopril on indicators of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic studies in patients with liver cirrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
V. A. Zhmurov ◽  
◽  
Yu. S. Kuzmina ◽  
T. A. Mishchenko ◽  
Yu. A. Rogozhkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cirrhosis Of The Liver ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Basic Drugs ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
Basic Therapy

Chronic diffuse liver diseases (CDLD) of various etiologies remain a serious socio-economic and clinical-epidemiological health problem. Every year more than 1 million people die from cirrhosis of the liver of various etiology all over the world. According to the results of a study by a group of authors, it was found that in the Siberian Federal District there is an unfavorable situation in terms of gastroenterological mortality, in particular, hepatological mortality. CCM is characterized by lengthening of the QT interval, electromechanical dyssynchronization, and chronotropic insufficiency. The duration of the QTc interval in the subgroup of patients with liver cirrhosis who received basic therapy and the drug lisinopril (Diroton) was (418.21 ± 2.74 ms) and was significantly lower than in the subgroup of patients receiving only basic therapy. Evaluating the parameters of transthoracic echocardiography among patients with liver cirrhosis, it was noted that during treatment with basic drugs in combination with lisinopril (Diroton), the volume of LV EDV significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The appointment of an ACE inhibitor lisinopril to patients with cirrhosis of the liver as part of complex therapy leads to an improvement in general well-being, a decrease in shortness of breath, an increase in exercise tolerance, an improvement in basic laboratory parameters, as well as an improvement in some morphometric parameters (EDV) and cardiac electrical systole.

scholarly journals Well-being and Sustainable Development of Mining Regions: the Universal Basic Income

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 04035
Author(s):  
Oleg Mazavin ◽  
Mikhail Kaz ◽  
Irina Roshchina
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The One ◽  
Mining Regions

The article presents the results of the analysis of the practice of implementation the concept of universal basic income. It is shown that in estimating the results of a series of experiments in this field, conducted in a number of countries, it is recommended to abandon the approach based on the positivist point of view. For a long time, it dominated science in general and economic research in particular, but it continues to influence many researchers today. This conclusion should be taken into account in the formation of the structure and composition of regions’ welfare indices. The research materials are placed in a broad historical context. On the one hand, this made it possible to more vividly present the prerequisites, characteristics and consequences of repeated attempts to introduce universal basic income into the practice of social insurance, undertaken in different countries of the world (Finland, Canada, Kenya, Iran, India, USA). On the other hand, to reveal the possibilities and problems of using universal basic income as a tool to help overcome the dysfunctional development of certain territories, including mining regions.

scholarly journals Forecasting of the sustainable socio-economic development level of rural areas on the basis of strategic planning

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Татьяна Никитина ◽  
Tatiana Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to justify areas and activities that contribute to increasing the level of sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas identified through strategic planning. During the research general scientific methods were used, including monographic, index, strategic planning, forecasting, analysis, comparison. The strategic directions for the development of rural areas are defined: improvement of the living conditions of the population, arrangement of rural areas by objects of social, engineering and road infrastructure. The scientific novelty of the study is the proposal of managerial decisions, reflected in the raise of individual indicators that contribute to increasing the level of sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas based on the identified directions. These indicators include: the value of the average monthly wage of employees, average annual population, agricultural production, the amount of investment in fixed capital, the level of gasification of rural settlements, the amount of housing space per rural resident, the level of provision in rural areas of preschool education. The growth rates of indicators were derived on the basis of the conducted analytical study for the period from 2010 to 2018 and the current economic situation. Based on the results of the long-term forecasting, higher sustainability indexes were calculated for each rural municipal district of the Chelyabinsk region. In general the index of sustainability of rural territories of the region will increase by 15.9 % to the end of 2030. The increase in the level of well-being and the improvement of the quality of life of the rural population is affected by the increase in the volume of agricultural production, population, investment, wages, the level of communal infrastructure provision and pre-school education. The practical application of this study results is the possibility of using the above calculations in the program and strategic documentation at the municipal and regional levels.

scholarly journals RURAL TERRITORIES OF KAZAKHSTAN: REALITIES, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Bakhyt Kalykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Effective Development

The study deals with the formation of a model of sustainable and effective development of agriculture and rural areas as the main task of implementing the State agricultural policy. The relevance of the tasks set by the author lies in considering the living conditions in the countryside as an integrated approach to the country's economy in order to diversify the types of activities in rural areas, create new sources of income. The directions representing a new economic paradigm of rural development in Kazakhstan are justified. The ways of implementing a comprehensive policy are shown, which consists in the partnership of public structures, local governments, public organizations and private sector, so that in the future, rural areas will become the most important socioeconomic and ecological subsystem of society. One of the key issues in the development of a model of modernization of the Kazakh countryside - the methodology for assessing the strategy and taken measures are highlighted. It is noted that monitoring of a wide variety of regional situations in rural settlements is of great scientific importance in creating a reliable and objective basis for developing substantiated measures to improve the quality of life of the rural population and determining priorities. The author states that the implementation of the "Auyl - El besigi" program contributes to the development of support and satellite villages, which have the potential to increase the level of life and well-being of rural residents, modernize the social infrastructure of the SNP JSC "Fund for Financial Support of Agriculture" allocated significant amounts to ensure employment of the rural population. The program condition in the funded projects should be startups, proposals for non-agricultural areas of expansion of activities in rural areas.

scholarly journals The position of women in the Far East villages in the period of «late» socialism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-295
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Grinko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Far East ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Late Socialism ◽  
The One ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

The paper analyzes the transformation of the female rural population position of the Far East in the USSR in 1970 - the first half of 1980 under the influence of a set of factors. The peculiarities of the geographical location of the region, its level of development, acceleration of life processes in rural areas, rapid dissemination of information and other factors had a significant impact on rural women. This influence was controversial and ambiguous. On the one hand, the role of a woman in the family changed, her activity as an employee increased, her well-being, cultural and educational level increased. On the other hand, becoming more independent, the woman aspired to better working and living conditions, career growth, free time increase, but in rural areas it was difficult. Despite the special attention of the state to the Far East and the activities aimed at the development of rural areas, life in the villages did not meet the urban views of local residents. The result of this transformation was a focus on childlessness for a large part of young people and moving to urban areas. Against the background of the village it was perceived as an incomparably better place of residence.

Seeking help chaow baan ways in southern Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusanee Suwankhong ◽  
Pranee Liamputtong ◽  
Bruce Rumbold
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
The One

Although modern health care facilities exist in rural areas, Thai people continue to seek help from traditional healers. This paper explores the perceptions and experiences of patients of traditional healers in southern Thailand. An ethnographic method was used comprising participant observation and in-depth interviews with 23 patients of traditional healers. Fieldwork data showed that patients sought help from traditional healers for both common and emergency illnesses, and for treatment of localised symptoms as well as chronic health conditions. The participants believed that there was no single healing system that could promote total well-being: they looked for the one that could best help them to return to normal health. Individuals expected that any healing form would be complementary or an alternative to another. The findings of this study have implications for the provision of health care to local people. They add weight to arguments that health policymakers could increase choice within the Thai health care system by formally incorporating and promoting the role of traditional healers, recognising them as an important resource in primary health care.

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