scholarly journals Results of the correlation analysis of experimental data about initial moisture content and water absorption of the foam-polymer-mineral insulation of an underground heat steel pipe

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Belyj V.S. ◽  
Bryl S.V.
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Correlation Dependence

In this article the technique of a research of correlation dependence between initial and final moisture content of the foam-polymer-mineral (PPM) insulation of an underground heat steel pipe and also results of check of a statistical hypothesis of a type of distribution of a random variable of water absorption of PPM isolation is offered. The nature of distribution established as a result of a research speaks about existence of a limit of opportunities of PPM isolation of a pipe for water absorption – isolation with low initial moisture content is capable to absorb in itself more moisture and vice versa. Absorption of moisture happens until the value of final moisture content of PPM isolation does not reach extremely possible value approximately identical on all volume of isolation.

scholarly journals The assessment of the possibilities of reducing the number of tests of the initial moisture content in the foam-polymer-mineral insulation of pipes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belyj V.S. ◽  
Bryl S.V. ◽  
Mishina A.M. ◽  
Zverkov M.S.
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Steel Pipe ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Original Moisture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
True Values ◽  
Original Moisture Content

This article proposes a method of assessing the type and parameters of the distribution of the initial moisture content of the foam-polymer-mineral (PPM) insulation of steel pipes of underground heat pipes, as well as a method of testing the statistical hypothesis about the type and parameters of the distribution of moisture content. Investigated the possibility of reducing the amount of testing of PPM insulation steel pipe on the subject of the original moisture content without reducing the accuracy and reliability of the estimation of the true values of the original moisture content.

Stability of Thiamine and Riboflavin During Extrusion Processing of Triticale

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BEETNER ◽  
T. TSAO ◽  
A. FREY ◽  
K. LORENZ
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Nozzle Size ◽  
The Relationship

Triticale kernels were extruded using a Brabender Plasticorder extruder with ¾-inch rifled barrel and 1:1 flight depth ratio screw. Whole grain samples were extruded at initial moisture contents of 15, 20, and 25%. Debranned samples were extruded at an initial moisture content of 22%. Barrel temperatures of 350, 400, and 450 F and nozzle openings of 1/8 inch and 1/16 inch were used. The products were analyzed for thiamine and riboflavin content. Results were corrected for final moisture content and expressed as fraction retained. A multiple regression was done to determine the relationship between independent and derived variables, and the retention. Riboflavin retention was correlated simply as a function of barrel temperature. Thiamine retention of the debranned material was correlated as a function of nozzle size and barrel temperature. Thiamine retention of the whole grain samples was correlated for nozzle size, first and second order temperature effects, and confounding between nozzle size and temperature.

scholarly journals Durability of Structural Lightweight Concrete with Sintered Fly Ash Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucyna Domagała
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Freeze Thaw

The aim of this study was to present the problem of durability of structural lightweight concrete made of a sintered fly ash aggregate. The issue of durability was researched for 12 concrete series in terms of their water absorption, water permeability, and freeze-thaw resistance. Additionally, the microstructure of several concretes was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the durability research, the influences of the following parameters were taken into consideration: The initial moisture content of sintered fly ash (mc = 0, 17–18, and 24–25%); the aggregate grading (4/8 and 6/12 mm); and the water-cement ratio (w/c = 0.55 and 0.37). As a result of various compositions, the concretes revealed different properties. The density ranged from 1470 to 1920 kg/m3, and the corresponding strength ranged from 25.0 to 83.5 MPa. The durability research results of tested lightweight concretes showed that, despite considerably higher water absorption, a comparable water permeability and comparable or better freeze-thaw resistance in relation to normal-weight concrete may be present. Nevertheless, the fundamental requirement of lightweight concrete to achieve good durability requires the aggregate’s initial moisture content to be limited and a sufficiently tight cement matrix to be selected. The volume share of the cement matrix and aggregate, the cement content, and even the concrete strength are of secondary importance.

scholarly journals Drying kinetics of jatropha seeds

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdiney Cambuy Siqueira ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Tarcísio Honório Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Mean Error ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Jatropha Seeds

Given the necessity of developing jatropha cultivation equipment, this work adjusted different mathematical models to experimental data obtained from the drying of jatropha seeds submitted to different drying conditions and selected the best model to describe the drying process. The experiment was carried out at the Federal Institute of Goiás - Rio Verde Campus. Seeds with initial moisture content of approximately 0.50 (kg water/kg dry matter) were dried in a forced air-ventilated oven, at temperatures of 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105°C to moisture content of 0.10 ± 0.005 (kg water/kg dry matter). The experimental data were adjusted to 11 mathematical models to represent the drying process of agricultural products. The models were compared using the coefficient of determination, chi-square test, relative mean error, estimated mean error and residual distribution. It was found that the increase in the air temperature caused a reduction in the drying time of seeds. The models Midilli and Two Terms were suitable to represent the drying process of Jatropha seeds and between them the use of the Midili model is recommended due to its greater simplicity.

scholarly journals The regression equations for random values of initial and final moisture content of foam-polymer-mineral insulation of main heat pipes

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Belyi Viacheslav Sergeevich ◽  
Bryl Sergei Valerevich
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Steel Pipes

This article presents the conclusion of regression equations for random values of the initial and final moisture content of the material of foam-polymer insulation of steel pipes of main heat pipelines according to the results of tests conducted in the factory. The example of approximation of experimental data about the source and target moisture content of the samples of foam insulation pipes shows that the regression equations with the help of the considered algorithm is practically possible.

scholarly journals Results of pilot studies of the car for grain processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Alexander Vladimirovich Anisimov
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Shaft Rotation ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Machine Productivity ◽  
Optimization Parameter

The random balance method was used to select the most significant factors in degree of their influence on the optimization parameter - final moisture content of the material: initial moisture content of the material, power of IR-radiators, machine productivity, and  shaft rotation speed. Planning matrix was realized, statistical analysis of the results was carried out by the software Statistica 10.0. On the basis of experimental studies, a mathematical model of the technological process of wheat processing in a peeling and drying machine was obtained. Determined optimal design and operating parameters of the developed peeling and drying machine: at initial moisture content of the material of 19% (strongly remoistened grain), optimization parameter (the final moisture content of the material) reaches the minimum values – 15.0-15.5% (an optimum zone), with the minimum machine productivity   500 kg/h, shaft rotation speed   1350-1400 rpm and power of IR -radiators   4 kW.    

High Temperature Short Time Air Puffed Ready-To-Eat (RTE) Tapioca–Peanut Snack: Process Parameters Optimization

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Chandrakant Ramesh Yewale ◽  
Pallab Kumar Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Roasted Peanut ◽  
High Temperature Short Time ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Tapioca contains very high starch content and therefore could be used to obtain a good quality puffed product. Tapioca powder added with roasted peanut to give nutty flavor and taste was used to develop ready-to-eat (RTE) snack utilizing high temperature short time (HTST) air puffing process with center composite rotatable design (CCRD). The effects of process parameters viz., puffing temperature (200–260 °C), puffing time (30–90 s), and raw material parameters viz., initial moisture content (30–40%) and roasted peanut proportion (10–20%) on quality attributes such as final moisture content, expansion ratio, color (L value, a value), and crispness of the products were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum quality attributes of the product in terms of final moisture content (4.7%db), expansion ratio (1.67), L value (70.96), a value (1.83), and crispness (12.1) were obtained with 20% added peanut, 35% initial moisture content, 245 °C puffing temperature and 60 s puffing time. The sensory evaluation of the optimally processed snack added with spices to enhance taste, showed the product to be crisp and highly acceptable.

scholarly journals Modelling of Hydration Characteristics of Five Varieties of Cowpea Grains

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Isa ◽  
A. S. Oyerinde ◽  
K. A. Jimoh ◽  
A. O. Jegede
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Water Absorption Property ◽  
Hydration Characteristics

Introduction: The hydration of grains is a process that consists of soaking them in water in order to increase their moisture content and this is a crucial step in industrialized processing and provides several beneficial effects on their physicochemical and nutritional qualities. Aims: This study focused on modeling of hydration characteristics of five varieties of cowpea which are: Gombe, Oloyin white, Drum, Oloyin brown and Sokoto cultivated in Nigeria. Methodology: The experiments were carried out using electronic water bath at five temperatures (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70°C) in three replications. The amount of water absorption by five selected varieties of cowpea grains was calculated by measuring the increase in the mass of soaked grains per time. Five standard models of water absorption were fitted to the experimental data. Coefficient of determination (R2), chi-square (x2) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the models. Results: The initial moisture content of the saturated cowpea was estimated as 13.56 ±1.15, 15.05 ±2.27, 13.30 ±0.37, 10.85 ±0.13, 12.40 ±0.13 for Gombe, Oloyin white, Drum, Oloyin brown and Sokoto varieties respectively. The water uptake of the cowpea was faster at the initial stage and gradually slow down until the equilibrium moisture content was attained for all the varieties. Conclusions: Weibull model was adjudged as the best fitted model for describing the water absorption property of all the varieties of the cowpea and the Activation energy of Gombe, Oloyin white, Drum, Oloyin brown and Sokoto varieties are 42.26 ± 4.65, 40.36 ±8.90, 39.47 ±8.62, 43.08 ±5.25 and 39.66 ±6.72 respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of solar drying on proximate composition of two varieties of ginger rhizomes for blanched and unblanched treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Muofunanya Umunna ◽  
Joshua Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) of two verities UG I ('Tafin-Giwa', a yellowish variety with plump rhizomes) and UG II ('Yatsun-Biri', a black or dark variety with small compact rhizomes), were analysed to identify its proximate composition. The effects of drying as a processing technique on ginger were investigated with respect to the proximate composition of the produce. The UG I and UG II were collected, sorted (whole, peeled and unpeeled) and (slice, peeled and unpeeled), and were subjected to Unblanched and Blanched (50℃ at 3,6 and 9 min respectively) treatments and dried using solar dryer for a period of one month. The initial moisture content of UG I and UG II were 71.12% and 72.47% respectively, the final moisture content were reduced to 7.02% SUP (Unblanched) and 5.52% SUP (Blanched at 9 min) for UG I, while that of UG II were 4.82% SP (Unblanched) and 5.85% WUP (Blanched at 3 min). For Carbohydrate content, 61.38% was noted to be the lowest level at Unblanched (Whole peeled), and 68.37% indicates higher CHO content at Blanched 50℃ at 9 min (Split Unpeeled) treatments for UG I samples. Similarly, for UG II, CHO's presence was low at 56.01% for Unblanched (Whole peeled) and high at 76.32% for Blanched on the temperature of 50°C at 9 min (Whole peeled) treatment. Ash content was observed to be low at 4.68% for Blanched 50℃ at 3 min (Split Unpeeled) and high at 6.47% for Unblanched (Whole peeled) treatment for UG I samples, and 3.82% low for Blanched on the temperature of 50°C at 9 min (Split peeled) with higher ash content of 7.69% Unblanched (Split Unpeeled) treatment for UG II samples.

Examination of Tobacco Hygroscopicity / Über die Hygroskopizität des Tabaks

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hübschen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sorption Isotherm ◽  
Initial Moisture Content

AbstractThe present paper shows the detectable factors on which a sorption isotherm depends. Even if it is well-known that a sorption isotherm is most essentially conditioned by influences of the respective tobacco variety, other factors, such as temperature, initial moisture content, or fibre dimension, play a part as well. In general, a sorption isotherm constitutes a ''summation'' of such factors and, in the end, a combination of desorption and adsorption if the tobacco is dried or moistened from the average commercial moisture content. The tobacco hysteresis is experimentally investigated and discussed

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