scholarly journals Основные направления совершенствования кормопроизводства

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
D.G. Gvazava ◽  
L.A. Khomutova ◽  
L.M. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The results of the analysis of the current state of fodder production in the Kostroma region and the main directions of its development with the aim of ensuring an increase in the volume of dairy farming which will contribute to the growth of production efficiency and its competitiveness are examined. The successful development of the dairy subsector cannot be achieved without the organization of balanced animal feeding. The provision of dairy cattle breeding with feed in the required quantity and quality is based on field fodder production that meets the requirements for concentrated and bulky feeds. The Kostroma region has significant land resources for providing dairy cattle breeding with fodder but the fodder production branch is characterized by low production performance. For the analyzed period (2014 2018) the herbage yield of annual grasses was 54.5 103.6 kg/ha, perennial grasses 28.7 35.6 kg/ha, hay 15.9 19.2 c/ha. The low yield of herbage is due to the lack of fodder crop rotation with a set of legumes and legumescereal grass mixtures, seed farming systems oldage plant formation. At the same time the region has internal reserves for the introduction of technologies for growing forage crops, forage conservation and storage to ensure an increase in the volume of dairy farming products. The transition to a highly specialized agricultural production system, improving the structure of sown areas of forage and foddergrain crops due to their rational placement in the crop rotation system and expanding species and varietal diversity, adaptive intensification of fodder production will increase the productivity of fodder land and involve about 33 thousand hectares of unused land in agricultural production .Рассматриваются результаты анализа современного состояния кормопроизводства в Костромской области и основные направления его развития с целью обеспечения увеличения объёмов продукции молочного скотоводства, что будет способствовать росту эффективности производства и его конкурентоспособности. Успешное развитие молочной подотрасли невозможно достичь без организации полноценного кормления животных. Обеспечение молочного скотоводства кормами в необходимом количестве и качестве базируется на полевом кормопроизводстве, удовлетворяющем потребности в концентрированных и объёмистых кормах. Костромская область располагает значительным земельным ресурсом для обеспечения молочного скотоводства кормами, но отрасль кормопроизводства характеризуется низкими производственными показателями. За анализируемый период (2014 2018 гг.) урожайность зелёной массы однолетних трав составляла 54,5 103,6 ц/га, многолетних трав 28,7 35,6 ц/га, сена 15,9 19,2 ц/га. Низкая урожайность зелёной массы обусловлена отсутствием кормового севооборота с набором бобовых и бобовозлаковых травосмесей, системы семеноводства старовозрастным травостоем. Вместе с тем, в регионе имеются внутренние резервы для внедрения технологий выращивания кормовых культур, заготовки и хранения кормов для обеспечения увеличения объёмов продукции молочного скотоводства. Переход на узкоспециализированную систему производства сельскохозяйственной продукции, совершенствование структуры посевных площадей кормовых и зернофуражных культур за счёт рационального размещения их в системе севооборотов и расширения видового и сортового разнообразия, адаптивная интенсификация кормопроизводства позволят повысить продуктивность кормовых угодий и вовлечь в сельхозпроизводство около 33 тыс. га неиспользуемых земель.

scholarly journals Economic and statistical research of development of rural areas in Samara region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00014
Author(s):  
O. F. Pyatova ◽  
T.V. Shumilina ◽  
M. N. Kupryaeva ◽  
O. V. Alekseeva ◽  
L. Dvorskiy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

Rural development is often analyzed in isolation from agricultural production. The article analyzes the dynamics of dairy cattle breeding indicators in Samara region. The purpose is to link the development of dairy farming with the development of rural areas.

EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING AT FAIR VALUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Nina Yu. Triyatsina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Income Approach ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The article proposes a methodology for determining the fair value of productive biological as-sets in dairy farming in the framework of the income approach using discounted cash flows.

scholarly journals Economic aspects of efficient milk production in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
I. Svynous ◽  
D. Mykytyuk ◽  
A. Semysal
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The article considers the issues of increasing the efficiency of dairy production in agricultural enterprises and households. The main stages and their features in dairy farming development of the country and their impact on the efficiency of milk production in agricultural enterprises and households were highlighted. The reasons which cause decrease of cow livestock in both agricultural enterprises and households were identified. The inhibitory factors in the development of dairy cattle breeding were identified and the directions of its revival were outlined. It was substantiated that considering the current state and trends of dairy farming in Ukraine, its efficiency, government support measures should be aimed at increasing production mainly in farms of the corporate sector of the agricultural economy, which in the nearest future will become major producers of raw milk. It was determined that without the introduction of an effective system of government support for milk producers, which firstly will include the restoration of the special VAT regime, financing of dairy breeding revival at the state and regional level, it is impossible to have positive changes in increasing cows amount and increasing production efficiency, in addition the population of cows will continue to fall in the households. It is proved that today the system of breeding service, which was previously in Ukraine and allowed to conduct breeding at the appropriate level, is destroyed and does not work. It was concluded that further productivity growth and reproduction of animal’s livestock is extremely problematic due to the lack of a modern selection system in animal husbandry. It was established that the current level of profitability allows to ensure only simple reproduction in independent agricultural enterprises, mostly small and medium.It is true that in this situation, most farms in the corporate sector of the agricultural economy are trying to become part of vertically integrated structures of preserving and expanding their production activities on a qualitatively new material and technical base in the future.It was proved that the innovative type of dairy cattle breeding development will ensure the profitability of production and, accordingly, the growth of the income level of rural residents who are the employees of an agricultural enterprise. Measures of state and regional support of milk production in Ukraine were offered. Key words: dairy cattle breeding, agricultural enterprises, households, government support, milk processing plant.

scholarly journals Substantiation of innovation-oriented development strategy of agricultural enterprises for milk production

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
I. Paska ◽  
Yu. Grinchuk ◽  
V. Radko ◽  
K. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

The article is devoted to the strategies of innovation-oriented development of agricultural enterprises for milk production taking into account the variability of the external and internal environment of their operation. It is proved that the definition of prospects for the development of dairy farming should be based on a strategic approach that allows the most adequate way to respond to the challenges of a dynamic changing environment. It is established that the development of dairy farming can be attributed to the fourth technological way, which provides full mechanization of production processes, but due to its specificity it develops on the basis of a combination of different technological ways: intensive-technocratic, natural-innovative and natural. The results of the analysis of the development of dairy farming are contradictory, because, on the one hand - the natural indicators of production efficiency are increasing, and on the other - the prerequisites for the creation of internal reserves of expanded reproduction are absent. It is calculated that despite the existing positive trends (growth of cow productivity, milk sales prices), the dynamics of the increase in production costs, which occur against the background of declining cattle, including cows, offsets positive changes in economic performance of the industry and agricultural producers. It is argued that the effective development of agricultural enterprises for milk production in the near strategic perspective is possible only if the negative trends are overcome. The constituent elements of the strategy of innovation-oriented development of dairy farming have been developed, which provides for technical and technological renewal of the production potential of agricultural enterprises and the introduction of IT technologies in the management system. Strategic models of dairy cattle breeding development are substantiated: preservation of existing development tendencies, which will be dominated by milk and beef production in private farms with preservation of extensive type of management; priority of milk farms development; priority is the development of large innovation-oriented agricultural enterprises with simultaneous state stimulation of the cooperative form of milk production by farmers and private farms. The components of the innovation-oriented strategy of dairy farming development are systematized, which envisages strengthening the fodder base, increasing the level of animal feeding, introducing complex mechanization and automation of production processes and transferring the industry to the latest technologies, using high-yielding, specialized livestock breeds. wages. Key words: dairy cattle breeding, development strategy, strategic planning, IT technologies, innovations.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONING OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE'S MEMBERSHIP IN THE WTO

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Serhiy Shupyk
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
State Support ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Technical Regulations ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Introduction. Prospects for dairy farming from Ukraine's accession to the WTO will be formed under the influence of: implementation of WTO agreements governing the production of milk and dairy products and trade; conditions of Ukraine's membership in the WTO and concluded agreements; the current state of dairy farming and the domestic market of milk and dairy products, especially the level of competitiveness of national producers. Methods. The following methods and techniques were used to implement the tasks set in the study: monographic method – in studying the experience of countries around the world on the formation of trends in livestock, institutions and substantiation of forms and methods of state regulation of the industry in them; method of generalization – in the process of determining the substantive characteristics of economic categories and interpretations of the theoretical apparatus of the study; abstract and logical, constructive methods – during the development of directions for improving state support for the development of dairy farming. Results. Despite certain problems of harmonization of domestic legislation on milk quality to European requirements, there is a problem of developing technical regulations “Raw milk”. We believe that the technical regulations should define mandatory requirements for raw milk and technological processes of its production. The requirements of the proposed Regulation are mandatory for all economic entities engaged in the production, procurement, storage, transportation, sale and disposal of milk, regardless of ownership and subordination. Discussion. Prospects for the revival of dairy farming lie in the development of state and regional support measures, including the introduction of a mechanism for subsidies for the growth of dairy and beef cows, the introduction of grant support for family farms and the implementation of state control measures for high-quality milk production. Keywords: dairy cattle breeding, agricultural enterprise, WTO, state support, technical regulations.

scholarly journals Prospects for the development of dairy cattle breeding in «Siberian Switzerland»

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Е. Yu. Zaborskikh ◽  
S. Ya Syeva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Alps

 The article provides data review of relevant publications, presenting issue of current state of the dairy cattle breeding in Western Europe and Mountain Altai. The intensification of milk production and milk quota abolition weaken milk from mountain farms with regard to direct competition with milk produced on the plains. The consequence is the declining number of mountain farms in the Alps that has negative influence on the ecological and economic situation. There are difficulties in promotion dairy products in the market despite the fact that dairy products are produced in the mountains from grazing cows and have an increased biological value in human nutrition. As a mountain region, Altai Republic has dairy cattle breeding that developed successfully throughout the XX century similar to Swiss concept. However, in recent years the industry is also in crisis due to the low animal productivity and the high costs of fodder production and purchase. The article describes some ways to increase economic efficiency of the industry in the region, considering foreign experience and local specifics. 

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