scholarly journals Determination of Soil Properties and Fungal Interrelations Influenced by Forest Restoration on a Contaminated Zinc Mining Area

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Chutima Kantong ◽  
Kallaya Suntornvongsakul ◽  
Yang-Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Tak Province ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

Forest restoration in a contaminated zinc mining area must take into account the environmental soil properties. This study aimed to analyze the soil properties from the three different stages of restored forests, at 3, 7 and 17, focusing on the impact on soil microorganisms and availability of fungal species. Three study sites were selected, all located in a zinc mining area in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand. The results showed that observed soil properties especially soil texture, moisture and nutrients differed between stand initiation and regrowth forests and affected the distribution of fungal species. Soils in older forest stands up to 17 years old showed higher sand content and reduced soil moisture, SOM, and certain nutrients. Forest restoration was found to favour development of a range of soil properties, some of which were suitable for fruiting in nine fungal species from the following families: Agaricaceae, Psathyrellaceae, Cantharellaceae, Phallacae, Coprinaceae, Sclerodermataceae, Lycoperdaceae, Marasmiaceae, and Clavariaceae.

scholarly journals Impact of basidiomycete fungi on the wettability of soil contaminated with a hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hallett ◽  
Nia White ◽  
Karl Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

AbstractPolyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present a challenge to bioremediation because they are hydrophobic, thus influencing the water availability and repellency of soil. The addition of different concentrations of the PAH, anthracene, showed it to induce moderate levels of repellency. We investigated the efficacy of three basidiomycete fungal species on improving the wettability of soil by reducing repellency caused by contamination of soil with 7 ppm anthracene. A microcosm system was used that enabled determination of the impact of fungi on wettability at three locations down a 30 mm deep repacked soil core. Before incubation with fungi, the contaminated soil had a repellency of R = 3.12 ± 0.08 (s.e.). After 28 days incubation, Coriolus versicolor caused a significant reduction in repellency to R = 1.79 ± 0.35 (P < 0.001) for the top section of the soil in a microcosm. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Phlebia radiata did not influence repellency. None of the fungi had an effect at 20 mm depth.

Wildfire effects on soil carbon and water repellency under eucalyptus forest in Eastern Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica T. Heath ◽  
Chris J. Chafer ◽  
Thomas F. A. Bishop ◽  
Floris F. Van Ogtrop
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Eucalyptus Forest ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact

Soil properties can be considerably modified as a result of wildfire. This study examined the impact of wildfire on total carbon and water repellency at two study sites, namely Cranebrook and Wentworth Falls, located 45 and 75 km west of Sydney, Australia, respectively. Within each study site, we measured soil properties at two depth intervals from five burn severity classes along 15 transects (10 sample points per transect). Samples were taken 6, 12 and 36 months after wildfire. Soil total carbon was measured using LECO combustion analysis and potential soil water repellency was determined using water drop penetration time. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the results, with burn severity and time as factors. Burn severity had a significant effect on both soil total carbon and water repellency at both study sites, whereas time was only significant for soil carbon at Wentworth Falls. Soil total carbon and water repellency were variable through time due to local environmental variables, such as rainfall and temperature. The relationship between soil total carbon and water repellency was strong for Cranebrook in the surface soil (r = 0.62) and lower in the subsurface soil (r = 0.41), but weaker at Wentworth Falls, with values of r = 0.22 and r = 0.15 in the surface and subsurface soils respectively.

scholarly journals Impacto, em curto prazo, dos antibióticos amoxicilina e doxiciclina na qualidade microbiana de um Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo (Short-term impact of the antibiotics amoxicillin and doxycycline on the microbial quality of a Red-yellow Latosol)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Luiz Gustavo Paulon Rezende ◽  
Márcia Matiko Kondo ◽  
Rogério Melloni
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Keywords Antibiotics ◽  
The Impact

Concentrações residuais de antibióticos de uso compartilhado pela terapia médica humana e veterinária são cada vez mais frequentes nos mais variados tipos de matrizes ambientais; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre o impacto que esses fármacos podem acarretar aos microrganismos do solo. Sendo assim, perturbações relacionadas à exposição da microbiota de um latossolo vermelho-amarelo brasileiro a dois antibacterianos, a amoxicilina (AMOX) e a doxiciclina (DOX), foram investigadas por meio da determinação de atividade (mg CO2) e biomassa (Cmic) microbianas, juntamente com o quociente metabólico (qCO2), em amostras de solo que receberam as seguintes concentrações desses compostos: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 e 300 mg L-1. Os resultados mostraram diferentes efeitos sobre a microbiota e de forma específica para cada antibiótico. A AMOX mostrou-se mais impactante para os microrganismos do solo, com redução da biomassa e aumento do qCO2, enquanto que a DOX reduziu a atividade microbiana, mas sem efeito na biomassa e qCO2.A B S T R A C TThe residual concentrations of antibiotics used by human and veterinary medical therapy are increasingly common in a wide range of environmental matrices, nevertheless little is known about the impact of these drugs on to the soil microorganisms. Therefore, disturbances related to the exposure of the microbiota of a Brazilian Red-yellow Latosol to two antibacterials, amoxicillin (AMOX) and doxycycline (DOX), were investigated through the determination of the microbial activity (mg CO2) and biomass (Cmic), among with the metabolic quotient (qCO2), using soil samples spiked with: 0,03, 0,3, 3,0, 30 and 300 mg L-1 of each drug. The results showed different effects on the microbiota and in a specific way for each antibiotic. The AMOX showed higher impact impacting for the soil microorganisms, with reduction of the biomass and increase of the qCO2, whereas the DOX reduced the microbial activity, but showed no effect in the biomass and qCO2.Keywords: Antibiotics. Amoxicillin. Doxycycline. Bioindicators. Latosols.

scholarly journals Determination of the effectiveness of microbiological preparations and bioavailable nutrients while growing a vegetative apple rootstock

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Tatiana Prichko ◽  
Vladimir Mager ◽  
Roman Oplachko
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of a study of the effect of treatment of the root system of the M9 stock with the microbiological preparation Agrinos 1, which is a consortium of natural soil microorganisms - more than 80 strains from 10 families in combination with the preparation Agrinos 2, containing a complex of bioavailable nutrients (macro-, microelements, protein, amino acids, chitin, chitosan) in order to activate metabolic processes, reduce the impact of stress on the plant. The effect of biological products on the survival rate of the stock in the nursery, an increase in the yield and standardization of offshoots, and an improvement in their biometric parameters was established.

scholarly journals Isolation and Potency of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation Bacteria from Nodules of Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes for Supporting Nickle Postmining Area Reclamation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Ramdana Sari ◽  
Retno Prayudyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Potential Test

Nickel mine is one of the contributors foreign to exchange earners in Indonesia. However, the former mining area creates a complex problem in the physical, chemical, and biological soil properties which directly affect the ability of plant growth for restoration. The planting of legume species, one of them is sengon laut (Falcataria moluccana), in the reclamation of ex-mining land aims to improve soil properties. Legume plants have low C/N ratio so the introduction of nitrogen-fixing soil microorganisms is one alternative that can be used to improve soil fertility. Nitrogen fixing bacteria can provide nitrogen compounds that can be directly utilized by plants. In addition, the utilization of fast-growing species such as sengon laut is suitable for rehabilitation of critical lands. This study aims to isolate and characterize symbiotic nitrogen fixation bacteria so it can be made as inoculum and applied on revegetation in nickel postmining area. Five bacterial isolates were obtained from nodules of sengon laut belonging to genus Rhizobium (3 isolates) and Bradyrhizobium (2 isolates). All isolates obtained were rod-shaped, Gram negative and did not have endospores. Physiological tests showed that all isolates were aerobic, motile, grew optimally on YEMA media at pH 6 and 7, but did not grow at pH 4. Initial potential test of Acetylen Reduction Assay and IAA test showed that A3.1 SL 5 isolate has the highest value (9.01 ppm and 0.447 ppm) and potential to be inoculum.

Assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax spending towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of advanced development territory

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Guzel Mukhtarovna Guseinova ◽  
Sergei Borisovich Milov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Development

The deficit of subnational budgets and deceleration capital investments in multiple Russian regions increase the relevance of research aimed at improvement of tax incentivizing practice of the regional investment process. The studies focused on determination of the impact of socioeconomic and institutional factors upon the efficiency of investment tax expenses obtained wide circulation within the foreign scientific literature. The subject of this article is the assessment of sensitivity of the efficiency of regional tax expanses towards investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity carried out by the residents of territories of advanced socioeconomic development, created in the subjects of Far Easter Federal District. The scientific novelty and practical values of this research consists in substantiation of the reasonableness of assessment of investment attractiveness of the types of economic activity that are stimulated by tax incentives. Methodology for assessing investment attractiveness is proposed and tested. The conclusion is made that in case of low investment attractiveness of the type of economic activity, which was planned to support by tax incentives, it is required to conduct and additional analysis to avoid unjustified tax expanses.

Method development for the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots

2019 ◽  
pp. 392-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Kleuker ◽  
Christa M. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Flexural Test ◽  
Sample Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The harvest of sugar beet leads to root tip breakage and surface damage through mechanical impacts, which increase storage losses. For the determination of textural properties of sugar beet roots with a texture analyzer a reliable method description is missing. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of washing, soil tare, storage period from washing until measurement, sample distribution and number of roots on puncture and compression measurements. For this purpose, in 2017 comprehensive tests were conducted with sugar beet roots grown in a greenhouse. In a second step these tests were carried out with different Beta varieties from a field trial, and in addition, a flexural test was included. Results show that the storage period after washing and the sample distribution had an influence on the puncture and compression strength. It is suggested to wash the roots by hand before the measurement and to determine the strength no later than 48 h after washing. For reliable and comparable results a radial distribution of measurement points around the widest circumference of the root is recommended for the puncture test. The sample position of the compression test had an influence on the compressive strength and therefore, needs to be clearly defined. For the puncture and the compression test it was possible to achieve stable results with a small sample size, but with increasing heterogeneity of the plant stand a higher number of roots is required. The flexural test showed a high variability and is, therefore, not recommended for the analysis of sugar beet textural properties.

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