Distance education and children’s rights: New dimensions of school exclusion during the COVID-19 outbreak

The aim of this article is to analyze distance learning, which was introduced in Poland during the COVID-19 outbreak, in the con- text of children’s rights. The main issues discussed herein are con- nected with incidents of excluding students and failing to respect their rights. The right to education of those children who do not have the conditions to fulfill their obligation of compulsory online school- ing is not our only concern. This article also touches on the issue of school’s insufficient guardianship and protective function and, in consequence, the aggravation of inequalities between people with lower and higher family income. The analysis is based on the authors’ appeal that was disseminated in April 2020 by Komitet Ochrony Praw Dzieci [Committee for the Protection of Children’s Rights] and the Ja Teacher’ka [I Teacher] foundation. The study was based on a perusal of the literature on the subject and a legal and normative scrutiny of the binding legal acts on distance learning. The first section presents the school as an institution of nor- mative inclusion in the historical and contemporary perspectives. In the second part, we shed light on areas of exclusion in the context of the changes introduced in connection with the pandemic.

Download Full-text

Preface

Harvard Educational Review ◽

10.17763/haer.43.4.m6nw112405708w33 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 481-482

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Justice System ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Best Interests ◽

Child Advocacy ◽

Advocacy Groups ◽

Right To Education ◽

Laws And Policies ◽

The Right

During the last decade concern for children has been put increasingly in terms of children's rights: the right to adequate nutrition, health care, and comprehensive child development services, the right to education, the right to read, the rights of students, the right to treatment under the juvenile justice system. Much of the discussion has been either narrowly legal, limited to law journals, or merely strategic,urging the formation of child advocacy groups, or largely rhetorical, proclaiming the fundamental preconditions for physical and psychological development without exploring their policy implications. It has become clear that the interests of children do not always coincide with those of their parents or the state, and that there is no longer confidence that current laws and policies, which give adults wide discretion to interpret the child's best interests, always achieve beneficial ends. What has been missing is a broad notion of what is appropriately included in the consideration of children's rights and, at the same time, a more specific application of these rights to particular institutions, policies, and legislation.

Download Full-text

HAK PENDIDIKAN ANAK DALAM KELUARGA DALAM PANDANGAN IMAM SYAFI’I DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DI INDONESIA

Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender dan Islam ◽

10.14421/musawa.2015.141.67-76 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Atik Wartini

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Early Childhood Education ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Right To Education ◽

Childhood Education ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The Family ◽

The Right ◽

The Impact

A child’s right to education within the family according to Imam Syafi’i and its significance for early childhood education in Indonesia This research is based on library research on the rights of the child to education within the family from the viewpoint of Imam Shafi’i, and the impact of his teachings on early childhood education in Indonesia. The study is interesting because the first schools to appear in Indonesia were of the Syafi’i tradition. Imam Syafi’i jurists and ushuliyyin have collections of poems that express the need to develop education in early childhood. Despite this, the theory of children’s education in the school of Imam Syafi’i is under researched. This study examines three research questions. First, how does one undertake a biography of the thought of Imam Syafi’i and Imam Syafi’i school of thought. Second, what is the concept of children’s rights in the family in the view of Imam Syafi’i. And third, is there reference to early Childhood education that implies the concept of children’s rights to education in the view of Imam Syafi’i. This study concludes that Imam Syafi ‘i in scientific rihlah is purely academic. Imam Syafi’i also elicits several important ideas on a child’s rights within the family, the right to education and the right to self-expression. Imam Syafi’i schools are relevaant to early childhood education in Indonesia in which these (religious education) schools are widespread.

Download Full-text

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK-HAK ANAK ATAS PENDIDIKAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 [The Legal Protection of Children's Right to Education during the Covid-19 Pandemic]

Law Review ◽

10.19166/lr.v0i0.2735 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Cynthia Phillo ◽

Hessa Arteja ◽

M Faiz Rizqi

Keyword(s):

Legal Protection ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Right To Education ◽

Legal Method ◽

The Future ◽

The Law ◽

The Government ◽

The Right ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

Children as the forerunners of the successor to the future Indonesia nation make children individuals who become priorities in holding the right to education. The law itself has governed the rights that a child must have, including the right to get a proper education. Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, the government finds it difficult in providing legal protection for a proper education rights of children. By using normative legal method, this paper will explain how the legal protection of children’s rights over education during the COVID-19 Pandemic that’s happening and how the government’s role is in fulfilling childern’s rights in getitng an education.Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Anak sebagai cikal bakal penerus bangsa Indonesia menjadikan anak sebagai individu yang menjadi prioritas dalam memegang hak pendidikan. Undang-undang sendiri telah mengatur tentang hak-hak yang harus diteirma oleh anak, termasuk hak dalam pendidikan. Karena Pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi, menambah kesulitan bagi pemerintah untuk memberikan perilundungan hukum bagi hak anak atas pendidikan. Dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, tulisan ini akan menjelaskan bagaimana perlindungan hukum hak anak atas pendidikan pada masa Pandemi COVID-19 yang sedang tejadi dan bagaimana peran negara dalam memenuhi hak anak dalam mendapat pendidikan.

Download Full-text

PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP PEMENUHAN NAFKAH ANAK DALAM PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN PERCERAIAN DI PENGADILAN AGAMA

Ijlil ◽

10.35719/ijl.v1i2.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 178-195

Author(s):

Rohmad Agus Solihin

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Family Income ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

The Right

Parents are the first party responsible for protecting and fulfilling children's rights. The rights of children to parents begin when their children are born and breathe the air in this world. So since then the responsibility of parents to their children has also arisen. Among the rights of children that must be fulfilled by parents is the right to support. Regarding family income, fathers are obliged to provide for their children if they need them, so children are obliged to provide for their mother and father if they need them. If the father is in poverty or his income is insufficient, the obligation to provide for his children remains, does not die, and if the mother of the children is well off, he can be ordered to provide for his children, which is their father's obligation, but can be billed for return it. However, the income that the father (husband) cannot afford can be billed to be returned, the laws which in Indonesia have not regulated that far. Key Words: , ,

Download Full-text

The Role of Open and Distance Learning in the Implementation of the Right to Education in Zambia

The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning ◽

10.19173/irrodl.v9i1.481 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard Siaciwena ◽

Foster Lubinda

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Distance Learning ◽

Right To Education ◽

Youth Policy ◽

Child Rights ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Child Policy ◽

Open And Distance Learning ◽

The Right

As a member of the United Nations, Zambia is committed to the observance of human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. This is evidenced, among others, by the fact that Zambia is a signatory to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Zambia has a permanent Human Rights Commission that includes a subcommittee on child rights whose focus is on child abuse and education. Zambia also has a National Child Policy and National Youth Policy whose main objectives are to holistically address problems affecting children and youth. This paper focuses on the progress and challenges currently facing Zambia and the role of open and distance learning in addressing those challenges.

Download Full-text

Marriage Function as Protection Rights Against Wife and Children Right in Polygamous Marriage

Jurnal Akta ◽

10.30659/akta.v6i2.5028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 277

Author(s):

Muhammad Madih ◽

Munsharif Abdul Chalim

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Legal Remedies ◽

Polygamous Marriage ◽

Marriage Contract ◽

The Right ◽

Husband And Wife ◽

Laws And Regulations

Marriage is a bond between man and woman which is also the religion of Islam is a way of worship, that in the community there is monogamy: one husband and one wife, but there are also polygamous marriage is one man with more than one wife with their applicable laws and regulations for implementation. The purpose of this study was to: 1) To determine the function of the marriage covenant can provide legal protection of the rights wife and children in polygamous marriages. 2) To determine the right of wife and children in polygamous marriages. 3) To know the legal remedies can be done to determine the rights of wives and children in polygamous marriages. Based on the results of data analysis concluded that: 1) The function of the marriage contract may provide legal protection of the rights of the wife and children in polygamous marriages as a certainty or limitation of rights received by his wife and children during the marriage took place and as a measure for husbands to act fairly in polygamous marriages , 2) The position of the right wife and children in polygamous marriages, namely the right wife by the husband proportionate balanced well after their second marriage and so are the rights of children still get their right in accordance with the provisions of the Act. 3) Remedies that can be done to determine the right istir and children in polygamous marriages with authentic mating agreements made governing the boundary between the rights and obligations of husband and wife in a polygamous marriage.Keywords: Marriage; Polygamy; Marriages Agreement; Wife and Children's Rights.

Download Full-text

Child Protection in the Event of Parents’ Divorce – Conceptualization of the Subject of the Study

Yearbook of Pedagogy ◽

10.2478/rp-2019-0013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 197-204

Author(s):

Małgorzata Turczyk

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Basic Research ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Research Topic ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Childhood Studies ◽

Current Trends ◽

Research Concept ◽

The Subject ◽

Constructing Knowledge

SummaryThe article is preconceptual in its nature, as it is an introduction to a planned research project in the area of pedagogy and law. The author describes the research in current trends in modern childhood studies, choosing the protection of children’s rights in the event of their parents’ separation as the basic research category. This category will be analyzed in ontological, epistemological and methodological dimensions. In view of the growing scale of family breakdowns, it becomes justified to ask a question about the way of experiencing, understanding and constructing knowledge about the subject of pedagogical and legal interactions – the child themself. Building knowledge about a child whose parents separate is not only intended to expand and build interdisciplinary theoretical knowledge, but also to provide a basis for designing adequate tools and activities to protect the rights of a child experiencing their parents’ separation. This article provides an outline of a research concept aimed at protecting children’s rights. The article contains extensive justifications for the research topic and the framework of the methodological concept.

Download Full-text

Distance education in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom: A comparative study: التعليم عن بعد في المملكة العربية السعودية والمملكة المتحدة: دراسة مقارنة

المجلة العربية للعلوم ونشر الأبحاث مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.m070121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (29) ◽

pp. 128-143

Author(s):

Mohammed Noah Alkhiri, Talal Aqeel Alkhiri Mohammed Noah Alkhiri, Talal Aqeel Alkhiri

Keyword(s):

Distance Education ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Distance Learning ◽

Digital Divide ◽

The Internet ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

International Data ◽

Shed Light

This paper aims to shed light on distance education in the United Kingdom and comparing it to distance education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the extent of its use in improving the processes of distance learning and education, and ways to overcome the problems facing distance education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study relied on reports and analysis of international data conducted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Among the most important findings of the study: It is possible to benefit from the experience of the United Kingdom in distance learning, and there are significant differences in distance learning between the two countries, and there are few similarities. Among the most important recommendations of the study: To benefit from the experiences of British universities and institutions in distance education, and to simulate the platforms and applications used in distance education in the United Kingdom and how to benefit from them, and to benefit from the experience of the United Kingdom in responding to economic growth and bridging the digital divide by using the Internet in schools to teach academic subjects.

Download Full-text

The English Sweating Sickness: Out of Sight, Out of Mind?

Acta Medica Academica ◽

10.5644/ama2006-124.221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Paul Heyman ◽

Christel Cochez ◽

Mirsada Hukić

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rates ◽

Time Frame ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Geographical Spread ◽

Causal Pathogen ◽

The Subject ◽

The Right ◽

Sweating Sickness ◽

Shed Light

In this paper we aim to add additional knowledge regarding the occurrence, origin and epidemiological features of the English sweating sickness. The English sweating sickness raged in five devastating epidemics with mortality rates between 30 and 50% between 1485 and 1551 throughout England, and on one occasion also affected mainland Europe, in 1529. The Picardy sweat, generally considered as the English sweating sickness’ lesser deadly successor, flared up in France in 1718 and caused 196 localized outbreaks with varying severity all over France and neighboring countries up to 1861. The English sweating sickness has been the subject of numerous attempts to define its origin, but so far all efforts have failed due to lack of material, DNA or RNA, that - using modern techniques and knowledge - could shed light on its cause. Although the time frame in which the English sweating sickness occurred and the geographical spread of the outbreaks is generally known, we will demonstrate here that there was more to it than meets the eye. We found reports of cases of sweating sickness in years before, after and between the 1485, 1508, 1517, 1529 and 1551 epidemics, as well as reports of sweating sickness in Italy and Spain.Conclusion. In spite of the fact that the English sweating sickness apparently has not caused casualties for a more than a century now, we suggest that -given the right circumstances- the possibility of re-emergence might still exist. The fact that up until today we have no indication concerning the causal pathogen of the English sweating sickness is certainly not re-assuring.

Download Full-text

Recognizing and Respecting the Rights of Children with Disabilities in the Classroom

International Journal of Education ◽

10.5296/ije.v8i3.9444 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Cornelia Schneider

Keyword(s):

Children With Disabilities ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Relationship Building ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Social Model ◽

Human Beings ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Social Model Of Disability ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The Right

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted and ratified in 1990 by the UN General Assembly, and signed by most member countries of the United Nations. However, its implementation is slow, complex, and can to-date be considered as incomplete in most countries, particularly as children’s rights often seem to be in contradiction with traditional perceptions of children as dependent, immature and incompetent human beings under their parents’ tutelage. Furthermore, it appears that children’s rights are at risk of colliding with the rights of the family. These issues are even more strongly highlighted when it comes to children with disabilities, as those children often are perceived as vulnerable and incompetent. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of 2006 emphasizes the right to full participation based on the social model of disability, including the right to inclusive education for children with disabilities. This article addresses both conventions, the contradictions within but also with each other, which impede the rights of children with disabilities as much as traditional perceptions of childhood do. It will then demonstrate how the recognition of the rights of children with disabilities can be improved by using the frameworks of sociology of childhood (Corsaro, 2015) and the work on relationship building and solidarity by Honneth (1995). Lastly, the article will give examples of how to implement and respect the rights of children with disabilities in schools, by using the example of the Index for Inclusion.

Download Full-text