scholarly journals “Book of Nature”: How to Teach Children to Read It?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3(61)) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Mathematical Structure ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Book Of Nature ◽  
Elementary Knowledge ◽  
Ethical Optimism

Modern science and technology are founded on the belief in the rationality and mathematical structure of the world. Learning about it, the progress and quality of our lives are related to the popularization of thinking about mathematical education as equipping students with the competencies necessary to read the Galilean “Book of Nature.” The article presents the idea of ​​a mathematical understanding of reality and the leading emotional-volitional and instrumental competencies that should be provided to students of elementary education in order to shape their beliefs about the effectiveness of this way of cognition and support them in acquiring appropriate knowledge and skills. In terms of field-specific and social competencies, it is about: awakening cognitive curiosity, building the attitude of epistemic and ethical optimism, belief in the inevitability and cognitive value of error, developing the ability to cooperate and compete in small groups, and to shape the attitude of researcher reliability. In terms of instrumental competencies, these would be: the ability to model phenomena at the level of substitutes (simulations), knowledge of numbers, decimal positional system and four arithmetic operations, the understanding of measurement and practical knowledge of measures, the ability to problematize phenomena from the natural world, having elementary knowledge of heuristics, a certain level of calculation efficiency and knowledge of basic geometric figures.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICS, THE "BOOK OF NATURE" AND THEOLOGY - GALILEO GALILEI AND THE FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Ion Cordoneanu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Great Book ◽  
Galileo Galilei ◽  
Book Of Nature ◽  
The World

Starting from the cycle of letters known as The Copernican Letters (1613-1615) and following through to the 1632 Dialogue, I will attempt to outline the context in which Galileo Galilei’s work is constituted as a veritable theory of nature research based on mathematics. Galilei rests on the principles of science to ground his choice for the Copernican model, as well as the separation of natural research from theology, but his concern for a unified philosophy of the natural world is intertwined in his work with the dignity of creation understood as “the great book of the world” by which divinity talks to man in the language of mathematics.

scholarly journals The science of rumors

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Crescimbene ◽  
Federica La Longa ◽  
Tiziana Lanza
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Mathematical Structure ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Urban Legends ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
Final Question ◽  
Second World

<p>This study takes a soft scientific cut to talks about rumors, hoaxes and urban legends. Social psychology, more elegantly, uses the latin word rumor (rumour in British English), which means sound, voice, or gossip. In social, economical, political, cultural and scientific communication, rumors indicate news that is presumed true, that circulates without being confirmed or made evident. The scientific history of rumors is briefly described starting from the period of ancient Rome, throughout the Second World War and the Internet era, up to today. We will try to answer some questions that can be useful to scientists today. What are rumors? How are they born? How do they spread? By which laws are they regulated? How do we need to fight them? A final question regards the collocation of rumors into modern science. Science today is divided into ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ science (the latter of which generally lacks a basic mathematical structure); these terms, respectively, indicate the natural sciences, which investigate Nature, and the social/human sciences, which investigate man in all his facets. Maybe rumors can be thought of as a bridge suspended between two banks: those of ‘scientific truth’ and ‘human truth’.</p>

scholarly journals Dzieci i ryby głosu nie mają? O kształtowaniu kompetencji społecznych i językowych w procesie nauczania języka rosyjskiego

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (XXIII) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Gabriela Sitkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Darda-Gramatyka
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

In the modern world, foreign languages are a tool being used in work by many young persons, and as a consequence – students are interested in the practical knowledge of a foreign language. There are not many useful tools to learn Russian on the market, and those available do not satisfy the needs, so we use different methods in the process of teaching – exercises with the elements of competition, games and its mechanics (e.g. our original project of a language game, city language game). It allows us to watch to which extent students are aware of group processes they participate in, and how those processes influence their motivation to learn a foreign language. The results of our research show that the methods we use have the impact on the social competencies of students and the effect they have on each other is linked directly with their motivation to improve their language skills. It is crucial to recognise the impact of group processes on a person, because when these processes are efficiently managed they become a useful tool in planning the strategy of teaching in order to improve students’ efficiency in obtaining their goals. However, the group influence on a single person and the facilitation are not new issues, they are still interesting and requiring new research.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary scientific communication in the content of teaching applied mathematics

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Viktor S. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Technologies

Problem and goal. Today, graduates studying in the physical and mathematical areas of training in the profile of applied mathematics have high requirements [23; 24]. Such graduates should have not only fundamental knowledge in the disciplines of applied mathematics, have a scientific outlook, skills and research of applied tasks with the help of mathematical modeling, but also strive to implement applied research through environmental technologies. The achievement of such goals in teaching students applied mathematics requires the use of various pedagogical and information technologies in the educational process, the development of learning content, new forms and methods of training, the involvement of specialists in applied mathematics in teaching. Methodology. In the process of training specialists in applied mathematics, implemented the idea of developing their mathematical creativity, strengthening the motivation for the formation of deep theoretical and practical knowledge in the disciplines of applied mathematics and the foundations of humanitarian culture. The implementation of these important ideas is carried out on the basis of extensive use of interdisciplinary scientific relations in the conditions of humanitarization of university mathematical education. The formation of students’ fundamental knowledge of applied mathematics, the foundations of humanitarian culture is achieved by developing the content of such training on the basis of modern scientific achievements of applied mathematics, the implementation of scientific and educational, scientific and educational and humanitarian potential of teaching applied mathematics. Results. The obtained fundamental knowledge in applied mathematics, formed scientific worldview and humanitarian culture will allow graduates in their future professional activities to show a humane attitude to nature and the world, to apply environmental technologies in the implementation of applied research. In addition, with such a wealth of knowledge, graduates are able to be worthy members of the modern information society with a humanitarian culture. Conclusion. In the process of teaching applied mathematics, using innovative pedagogical technologies, it is advisable for students not only to give fundamental scientific knowledge, but also to instill the foundations of humanitarian culture.

Phenomenology, epistemic issues in

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Howarth
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Postmodern Thought ◽  
Continental Tradition ◽  
The Mind

Phenomenology is not a unified doctrine. Its main proponents – Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty – interpret it differently. However, it is possible to present a broad characterization of what they share. Phenomenology is a method of philosophical investigation which results in a radical ontological revision of Cartesian Dualism. It has implications for epistemology: the claim is that, when the foundations of empirical knowledge in perception and action are properly characterized, traditional forms of scepticism and standard attempts to justify knowledge are undermined. Phenomenological method purports to be descriptive and presuppositionless. First one adopts a reflective attitude towards one’s experience of the world by putting aside assumptions about the world’s existence and character. Second, one seeks to describe particular, concrete phenomena. Phenomena are not contents of the mind; they all involve an experiencing subject and an experienced object. Phenomenological description aims to make explicit essential features implicit in the ‘lived-world’ – the world as we act in it prior to any theorizing about it. The phenomenological method reveals that practical knowledge is prior to propositional knowledge – knowing that arises from knowing how. The key thesis of phenomenology, drawn from Brentano, is that consciousness is intentional, that is, directed onto objects. Phenomenologists interpret this to mean that subjects and objects are essentially interrelated, a fact which any adequate account of subjects and objects must preserve. Phenomenological accounts of subjects emphasize action and the body; accounts of objects emphasize the significance they have for us. The aim to be presuppositionless involves scrutinizing scientific and philosophical theories (Galileo, Locke and Kant are especially challenged). Phenomenology launches a radical critique of modern philosophy as overinfluenced by the findings of the natural sciences. In particular, epistemology has adopted from science its characterization of the basic data of experience. The influence of phenomenology on the analytic tradition has been negligible. The influence on the Continental tradition has been greater. The phenomenological critique of modern science and philosophy has influenced postmodern thought which interprets the modernist worldview as having the status of master narrative rather than truth. Postmodern thought also criticizes the positive phenomenological claim that there are essential features of the lived-world.

Plant Sex from Empedocles to Theophrastus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Taiz ◽  
Lee Taiz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Plant Sex ◽  
Divine Order

“Plant Sex from Empedocles to Theophrastus” investigates Greek philosophies concerning plants. The Pythagoreans and pre-Socratic philosophers taught that the universe was governed by a divine order that could be understood through mathematical or physical laws, and that “natural laws” were discoverable by observation and logic. This tradition eventually gave rise to modern science. Unlike Plato, who viewed the physical world as “shadows,” knowable only through mathematics and abstract philosophy, Aristotle and Theophrastus regarded everything in the natural world that could be perceived by the senses as both real and knowable, and believed direct observation combined with reason and logic were the most reliable guides to truth. They systematized a prodigious amount of biological information, but were unable to elucidate the problem of plant sex. Theophrastus’ failed to understand the so-called “degeneration” of trees grown from seed because it couldn’t be understood without a two-sex model. Biblical theorists fared no better.

scholarly journals Giambattista Della Porta and the Roman Inquisition: censorship and the definition of Nature's limits in sixteenth-century Italy

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEIL TARRANT
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractIt has long been noted that towards the end of the sixteenth century the Catholic Church began to use its instruments of censorship – the Inquisition and the Index of Forbidden Books – to prosecute magic with increased vigour. These developments are often deemed to have had important consequences for the development of modern science in Italy, for they delimited areas of legitimate investigation of the natural world. Previous accounts of the censorship of magic have tended to suggest that the Church as an institution was opposed to, and sought to eradicate, the practice of magic. I do not seek to contest the fact that ecclesiastical censors prosecuted various magical and divinatory practices with greater enthusiasm at this time, but I suggest that in order to understand this development more fully it is necessary to offer a more complex picture of the Church. In this article I use the case of the Neapolitan magus Giambattista Della Porta to argue that during the course of the century the acceptable boundaries of magical speculation became increasingly clearly defined. Consequently, many practices and techniques that had previously been of contested orthodoxy were categorically defined as heterodox and therefore liable to prosecution and censorship. I argue, however, that this development was not driven by the Church asserting a ‘traditional’ hostility towards magic, but was instead the result of one particular faction within the Church embedding their conception of orthodox philosophical investigation of the natural world within the machinery of censorship.

Enchantment

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Roger Fellows
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
World View ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
The World ◽  
Picture Of Dorian Gray ◽  
Dorian Gray ◽  
Science Show

Oscar Wilde remarked in The Picture of Dorian Gray that, ‘It is only the shallow people who do not judge by appearances.’ Over three centuries of natural science show that, at least as far as the study of the natural world is concerned, Wilde's epigram is itself shallow. Weber used the term ‘disenchantment’ to mean the elimination of magic from the modern scientific world view: the intellectual rationalisation of the world embodied in modern science has made it impossible to believe in magic or an invisible God or gods, without a ‘sacrifice of the intellect’.

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