scholarly journals POLA KUMAN PENYEBAB OTITIS EKSTERNA DAN UJI KEPEKAAN ANTIBIOTIK DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSUP PROF. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE NOVEMBER – DESEMBER 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Lie Sedjati ◽  
Oraetlabora Immanuel Palandeng ◽  
Olivia Claudia Pingkan Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pattern Sensitivity

Abstract: Otitis externa is an inflammation of the ear canal that occur in acute or chronic stage caused by an infection of bacteria, viruses or fungi. The extent of the use of antimicrobials in community can lead to resistant. This study aimed to know the bacteria pattern of otitis externa and the antibiotic sensitivity test at Otorhinolaryngology Departement Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado period of November - December 2013. This is a descriptive prospective study. A total of 22 otitis externa patients, the largest age group was adults 15-49 years old with 13 persons (59,1%). Most identified gender was female by 15 people (68.2%). All the patients diagnosed with a history of trauma. The most complained symptoms were pruritus 19 people (86,3%). There were 8 types of bacteria that has been identified and the most identified were 4 samples (18,2%) as Staphylococcus aureus and 4 samples (18,2%) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In susceptibility test, the most sensitive antibiotic were Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin by 20 samples (100%). The most resistant was Clindamycin 20 sampel (100%). Conclusions : The most identified bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 4 samples (18.2%). The most sensitive antibiotic were Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin 20 samples (100%). Keywords: otitis externa, bacterial pattern, sensitivity test.   Abstrak: Otitis eksterna merupakan peradangan pada liang telinga yang terjadi secara akut maupun kronis yang disebabkan infeksi oleh bakteri, virus maupun jamur. Luasnya penggunaan antimikroba di kalangan masyarakat dapat berujung pada keadaan resisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kuman penyebab otitis eksterna dan uji kepekaan antibiotik di poliklinik THT-KL BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode November-Desember 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif prospektif. Dari 22 orang pasien otitis eksterna, diperoleh kelompok umur terbanyak adalah kelompok umur dewasa 15-49 tahun sebanyak 13 orang (59,1%). Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan berjumlah 15 orang (68,2%). Semua pasien yang terdiagnosis memiliki riwayat trauma. Gejala yang terbanyak dikeluhkan pasien otitis eksterna adalah pruritus berjumlah 19 orang (86,3%). Terdapat 8 jenis bakteri yang teridentifikasi dan terbanyak adalah Staphylococcus aureus 4 sampel (18,2%) dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 sampel (18,2%). Pada uji kepekaan, antibiotik dengan sensitivitas tertinggi adalah Levofloxacin dan Ciprofloxacin 20 sampel (100%). Angka resistensi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Clindamycin 20 sampel (100%). Kesimpulan : Bakteri terbanyak adalah Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa masing -masing 4 sampel (18,2%). Angka kepekaan tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Levofloxacin dan Ciprofloxacin 20 sampel (100%). Kata Kunci: otitis eksterna, pola kuman, uji kepekaan.

scholarly journals POLA BAKTERI AEROB DAN UJI KEPEKAAN TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PENDERITA OTITIS MEDIA DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE DESEMBER 2012 – JANUARI 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alke Rumimpunu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Almost All

Abstract: Otitis Media, an infection of middle ear, is one of the health problems that can cause hearing loss to total deafness. The causes of otitis media are inter alia infections of the aerob bacteria. In Indonesia, the incidence of otitis media is 3.9-6.9 %. Patience compliance due to treatment, germ resistance, anatomy of the ear, and complications lead to difficulties in terms of treatment of the otitis media itself. This study aimed to determine the pattern of bacteria and their susceptibility to antibiotics in patients with otitis media. This was a descriptive prospective study with samples of 20 patients diagnosed with otitis media who met the inclusion criteria. The patients’ ear discharge was used for identifiaction and culture of bacteria in blood agar, nutrient agar and McConkey agar. Gram staining was used for bacteria identificatiion. Levofloxacin and cyprofloxacin were used for antibiotic sensitivity test. Conclusion: The identified bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter Aerogenes, Staphylococcus Epidermitis, Proteus vulgaris, Cibrobacter divertus, Alcaligenes falcelus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial growth were mostly found in children. Almost all bacteria were sensitive to both antibiotics, but they were fairly resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin.Keywords: patterns of bacteria, sensitivity test, otitis mediaAbstrak: Otitis media merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan telinga yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran hingga tuli. Gangguan pada otitis media terletak di telinga bagian tengah. Penyebab otitis media antara lain infeksi bakteri aerob. Di Indonesia, angka kejadian otitis media sebesar 3,9-6,9%. Ketidakpatuhan penderita dalam perawatan, kuman yang resisten, bentuk anatomi telinga, dan adanya komplikasi menyebabkan kesulitan dalam hal pengobatan dan perawatan otitis media. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri dan kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika pada penderita otitis media. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif prospektif dengan sampel sebanyak 20 pasien yang didiagnosis otitis media yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sekret telinga diambil untuk identifikasi kuman dan kultur pada agar darah, agar nutrien, dan agar McConkey. Pengecatan Gram dilakukan untuk identifikasi kuman dan uji kepekaan dilakukan terhadap antibiotika levofloxasin dan ciprofloxasin. Simpulan: Bakteri yang diidentifikasi yaitu Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter Aerogenes, Staphylococcus Epidermitis, Proteus vulgaris, Cibrobacter divertus, Alcaligenes falcelus, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pertumbuhan kuman tersering ditemukan pada anak-anak. Hampir semua bakteri peka terhadap antibiotika levofloxacin dan ciprofoxacin tetapi memperlihatkan tingkat resistensi cukup tinggi terhadap clindamycin dan eritromycin. Kata kunci: pola bakteri, uji kepekaan, otitis media

scholarly journals Prevalence of self probing, clinical presentation and the causative organism among the patients presented with otitis externa in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Edakkattil Rameshkumar ◽  
Salini Ajitha
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis externa, an inflammatory condition commonly reported in almost all age groups. But the prevalence and etiology are varying on different region. This study was aimed to find out the prevalence of self probing, clinical presentation and the causative organism among the patients presented with otitis externa in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All the patients presented with otitis externa in the outpatient department of ENT were included in the retrospective study. The history of self probing was identified using a questionnaire. The clinical presentation was noticed and organism was isolated from the swab taken from the external ear canal. The non-parametric data was expressed in numbers and percentage.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total 49 patients were included in the study. The average age of patient was 39.5±14.3 years with 24 males and remaining females. Among them, 85.7% (42/49) had a history of self probing (p&lt;0.05). The most prevalent age group for the self probing associated otitis externa was 31 to 40 years. The discharge was the major clinical presentation (40/49) and the common organism isolated was <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> in 38% of incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Self probing was major etiological factor for otitis externa in the age group of 31-40 years. Discharge was the major clinical presentation and the common organism isolated was <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. This emphasized the need for a proper awareness programme in the society against self probing to reduce the incidence.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bacterial Species in Patients with Skin Infection and their Antibiogram

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Immaculata U. Nwankwo ◽  
Kelechi C. Edward ◽  
Chinedu N. Nwoba ◽  
Chinyere V. Okwudiri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Percentage Occurrence ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Microbiological Criteria

Introduction: The skin is a barrier that limits invasion and growth of pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial species in patients with skin infection and their antibiogram were evaluated for the presence of inhabiting bacteria. Method: The sample obtained with swab sticks were streaked on their respective culture plates containing nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar, incubated 370 for 24h. The recovered bacteria after incubation were characterized and identified according to standard microbiological criteria. Results: Five bacteria species were isolated which includes Staphylococus aureus; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella specie, Proteus sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococus aureus (33.03%) had the highest percentage occurrence while Proteus Sp (9.17%) had the lowest percentage occurrence. The highest number of isolates were recovered from male patients (61.47%). Age wise the least percentage of isolates were gotten from age group 31-40 (1.83%) while the highest was obtained from those within the age range of 11-20 (40.37%) followed by 1-10 years of age (25.69%). More isolates were recovered from in-patients (68.81%) than from Out-patients (31.19%). The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Klebsiella sp, Proteus spp and Staphylococcus aureus were sensitivity to all the antibiotics tested while pseudomonas aeruginosa had 30% activity (sensitivity to only 3 drugs) for the antibiotics used in this study. Conclusion: From this study, it can be said that Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Proteus sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are implicated in the skin infections in humans and their presence if not treated will lead to long term disease in human affected.

scholarly journals Bacterial isolates from burn wound infection and their antibiotic sensitivity test profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Kirtika Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial resistant pattern of aerobic bacteria isolated from burn wound infected cases admitted in burn unit at Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal during Nov 2017-Nov 2018. Material and method: In total 200 samples were collected, and that comprised 100 burns wound swabs and 100 biopsies of same patients. All samples were cultured on nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar at 37°C for 24 hours. The isolates were identified by culture, sensitivity and biochemical tests including oxidase, catalase, lactose and maltose fermentation. Their antibiotic sensitivity test was determined using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: The most common isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (55%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.29%), Klebsiella spp (11.43%), Acinetobacter spp (7.14%), Proteus spp (4.29%) and Escherichia coli (2.85%). Resistance observed in oxacillin (40%) and erythromycin (4%) to Staphylococcus aureus. Whereas all strains were susceptible to vancomycin. It was analyzed that ciprofloxacin (55.5%) & amikacin (54.0%) were found to be most effective antimicrobial agent. Other Gram negative organism were highly resistant to cefotaxime (66.0%) followed by gentamycin (60.0%). Imipenem was found to be less resistant (26%) against Pseudomonas. Conclusion: Vancomycin is the drug of choice for burn wound infection.

scholarly journals 6. Isolation, Identification and Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus aureus on Post Surgery Wound of Local Dogs (Canis familiaris)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Amalia Fatma Zahra ◽  
M. Nur Salim ◽  
Maryulia Dewi ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Veterinary Faculty ◽  
Positive Results

This study aimed to isolate, identify, and sensitivity tested of Staphylococcus aureus from post-surgery wound of local dogs.This study was held in Microbiology Laboratorium of Veterinary Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from April to May 2016. The samples were 10 dogs in their 3rd day’s treatment after surgery.The samples were acquired using sterile swab on the wound that was planted on Nutrient Broth (NB), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, then transferred onto Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and after that it was identified with Gram staining, catalase test, sugar test (mannitol and glucose), Metil Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP) test and antibiotic sensitivity test. The result of   Gram staining showed 7 positive results which identified as coccus formed and coloured as purple. The catalase test showed 7 positive results, the sugar test (mannitol and glucose) showed 4 positive results, the MR-VP showed 4 positive on MR and all negative on VP.. In conclusion, 4 out of 10 samples showed a presence of Staphylococcus aureus on post-surgery wound of local dogs.This bacterium was sensitive on Tetracycline (50%) and also on Streptomycine and Gentamicin (100%). This bacterium resistant to  Tetracycline (50%) and Ampicillin (100%).

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON ANTIBIOTIC USAGE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Joy ◽  
Aparna Anand ◽  
Arathy R Nath ◽  
Meera S Nair ◽  
Dr. K. G. Prasanth
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics

Antibiotics are one of the most commonly prescribed drugs today. Rational use of antibiotics is therefore extremely important as their injudicious use can adversely affect the patient. Drug Utilization Evaluation (DUE) is a system of ongoing systematic criteria based evaluation of drug that will help to ensure that medicines are used appropriately. It is drug/disease specific and can be structured so that it will assess the actual process of prescribing, dispensing, or administration of drug. The retrospective study was conducted At Pk Das Institute of Medical Sciences, Palakkad, Kerala for a duration of 6 months (February 2017 - January 2018). A source of data includes Patient case sheets &medication charts, nursing charts, culture & sensitivity reports. The inclusion criterion includes Patients aged between 18- 80 year, prescribed with oral and parenteral antibiotics. . On analyzing the gender, male gender (n= 111, 55.5%) were higher in numbers as compared to female counterparts (n=89, 44.5%). In our study the majority of the patients prescribed with antibiotics were with the clinical assessment of COPD (n=39, 19.5%), UTI (n=37, 18.5%) and LRTI (n=28, 14%), Bronchial asthma (n=19, 9.5%) respectively. On analyzing the data based on antibiotic sensitivity test, antibiotic test were performed and followed in (n=64,32%)prescriptions and in (n=47,23.5%)prescriptions were test is not followed respectively. In (n=89,44.5%) prescriptions, antibiotic sensitivity test is not performed. On analysis of antibiotics prescribed, the most commonly prescribed antibiotics were cephalosporins, of these ceftriaxone was highly prescribed of all (n=95). The high percentage of antibiotic prescriptions may indicate a high probability of irrational use. This study also point out irrational use of antibiotics are more leading to resistance, misuse and serious problems. So certain strategies should be put forward to strengthen rational use of antibiotics. Keywords: Antibiotics, Antibiotic Susceptibility Test, Irrational use, Resistance

Bacterial Aetiology of Pharyngotonsillitis in Paediatric Age Group in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (39) ◽  
pp. 3441-3447
Author(s):  
Thushara Ushakumari Bhuvanendran ◽  
Beena V.G.
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Organism

BACKGROUND Pharyngotonsillitis is defined as a spectrum of conditions ranging from inflammation primarily confined to the tonsils to pharyngitis implying generalized inflammation of the whole of pharynx. Children are more prone to get several episodes of pharyngotonsillitis per year during their school years. Pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes can cause two non-suppurative complications, acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis which is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to identify the prevalence of bacterial pathogens causing pharyngotonsillitis and to study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern that would indicate the optimum line of treatment. METHOD A total of 200 children at the age group of 2 - 12 years who had clinical features of pharyngotonsillitis according to the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study over a period of one year. With the help of a disposable wooden spatula, pus from the pharyngo tonsillar region was collected and processed. Predominant isolates obtained were identified and antibiotic sensitivity was done. RESULTS Bacteria was isolated from 70 samples. Pharyngotonsillitis was found most prevalent at the age group of 8 – 10 years. Intake of cold food stuffs and passive smoking at home was found to have statistically significant association as risk factor for pharyngotonsillitis. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated followed by Streptococcus pyogenes. The other organisms isolated were group G and C streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia sub species (spp) aerogenes. CONCLUSIONS Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated, followed by Streptococcus pyogenes. All the isolates of beta haemolytic streptococci were found to be sensitive to penicillin. There was increased incidence of resistance to macrolides among the gram-positive isolates except Streptococcus pneumoniae and it may be due to the wide spread use of macrolides injudiciously. All the bacterial pharyngotonsillitis cases were cured with the antibiotic given according to the sensitivity except one case. KEYWORDS Pharyngotonsillitis, Acute Rheumatic Fever, Acute Glomerulonephritis, Bacterial Pathogens, Antibiogram

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