scholarly journals POLA BAKTERI AEROB DAN UJI KEPEKAAN TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PENDERITA OTITIS MEDIA DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE DESEMBER 2012 – JANUARI 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alke Rumimpunu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Almost All

Abstract: Otitis Media, an infection of middle ear, is one of the health problems that can cause hearing loss to total deafness. The causes of otitis media are inter alia infections of the aerob bacteria. In Indonesia, the incidence of otitis media is 3.9-6.9 %. Patience compliance due to treatment, germ resistance, anatomy of the ear, and complications lead to difficulties in terms of treatment of the otitis media itself. This study aimed to determine the pattern of bacteria and their susceptibility to antibiotics in patients with otitis media. This was a descriptive prospective study with samples of 20 patients diagnosed with otitis media who met the inclusion criteria. The patients’ ear discharge was used for identifiaction and culture of bacteria in blood agar, nutrient agar and McConkey agar. Gram staining was used for bacteria identificatiion. Levofloxacin and cyprofloxacin were used for antibiotic sensitivity test. Conclusion: The identified bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter Aerogenes, Staphylococcus Epidermitis, Proteus vulgaris, Cibrobacter divertus, Alcaligenes falcelus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial growth were mostly found in children. Almost all bacteria were sensitive to both antibiotics, but they were fairly resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin.Keywords: patterns of bacteria, sensitivity test, otitis mediaAbstrak: Otitis media merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan telinga yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran hingga tuli. Gangguan pada otitis media terletak di telinga bagian tengah. Penyebab otitis media antara lain infeksi bakteri aerob. Di Indonesia, angka kejadian otitis media sebesar 3,9-6,9%. Ketidakpatuhan penderita dalam perawatan, kuman yang resisten, bentuk anatomi telinga, dan adanya komplikasi menyebabkan kesulitan dalam hal pengobatan dan perawatan otitis media. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri dan kepekaannya terhadap antibiotika pada penderita otitis media. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif prospektif dengan sampel sebanyak 20 pasien yang didiagnosis otitis media yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sekret telinga diambil untuk identifikasi kuman dan kultur pada agar darah, agar nutrien, dan agar McConkey. Pengecatan Gram dilakukan untuk identifikasi kuman dan uji kepekaan dilakukan terhadap antibiotika levofloxasin dan ciprofloxasin. Simpulan: Bakteri yang diidentifikasi yaitu Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter Aerogenes, Staphylococcus Epidermitis, Proteus vulgaris, Cibrobacter divertus, Alcaligenes falcelus, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pertumbuhan kuman tersering ditemukan pada anak-anak. Hampir semua bakteri peka terhadap antibiotika levofloxacin dan ciprofoxacin tetapi memperlihatkan tingkat resistensi cukup tinggi terhadap clindamycin dan eritromycin. Kata kunci: pola bakteri, uji kepekaan, otitis media

scholarly journals POLA KUMAN PENYEBAB OTITIS EKSTERNA DAN UJI KEPEKAAN ANTIBIOTIK DI POLIKLINIK THT-KL BLU RSUP PROF. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE NOVEMBER – DESEMBER 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Lie Sedjati ◽  
Oraetlabora Immanuel Palandeng ◽  
Olivia Claudia Pingkan Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chronic Stage ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pattern Sensitivity

Abstract: Otitis externa is an inflammation of the ear canal that occur in acute or chronic stage caused by an infection of bacteria, viruses or fungi. The extent of the use of antimicrobials in community can lead to resistant. This study aimed to know the bacteria pattern of otitis externa and the antibiotic sensitivity test at Otorhinolaryngology Departement Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado period of November - December 2013. This is a descriptive prospective study. A total of 22 otitis externa patients, the largest age group was adults 15-49 years old with 13 persons (59,1%). Most identified gender was female by 15 people (68.2%). All the patients diagnosed with a history of trauma. The most complained symptoms were pruritus 19 people (86,3%). There were 8 types of bacteria that has been identified and the most identified were 4 samples (18,2%) as Staphylococcus aureus and 4 samples (18,2%) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In susceptibility test, the most sensitive antibiotic were Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin by 20 samples (100%). The most resistant was Clindamycin 20 sampel (100%). Conclusions : The most identified bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 4 samples (18.2%). The most sensitive antibiotic were Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin 20 samples (100%). Keywords: otitis externa, bacterial pattern, sensitivity test.   Abstrak: Otitis eksterna merupakan peradangan pada liang telinga yang terjadi secara akut maupun kronis yang disebabkan infeksi oleh bakteri, virus maupun jamur. Luasnya penggunaan antimikroba di kalangan masyarakat dapat berujung pada keadaan resisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kuman penyebab otitis eksterna dan uji kepekaan antibiotik di poliklinik THT-KL BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode November-Desember 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif prospektif. Dari 22 orang pasien otitis eksterna, diperoleh kelompok umur terbanyak adalah kelompok umur dewasa 15-49 tahun sebanyak 13 orang (59,1%). Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan berjumlah 15 orang (68,2%). Semua pasien yang terdiagnosis memiliki riwayat trauma. Gejala yang terbanyak dikeluhkan pasien otitis eksterna adalah pruritus berjumlah 19 orang (86,3%). Terdapat 8 jenis bakteri yang teridentifikasi dan terbanyak adalah Staphylococcus aureus 4 sampel (18,2%) dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 sampel (18,2%). Pada uji kepekaan, antibiotik dengan sensitivitas tertinggi adalah Levofloxacin dan Ciprofloxacin 20 sampel (100%). Angka resistensi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Clindamycin 20 sampel (100%). Kesimpulan : Bakteri terbanyak adalah Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa masing -masing 4 sampel (18,2%). Angka kepekaan tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Levofloxacin dan Ciprofloxacin 20 sampel (100%). Kata Kunci: otitis eksterna, pola kuman, uji kepekaan.

scholarly journals 6. Isolation, Identification and Sensitivity Test of Staphylococcus aureus on Post Surgery Wound of Local Dogs (Canis familiaris)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Amalia Fatma Zahra ◽  
M. Nur Salim ◽  
Maryulia Dewi ◽  
Mahdi Abrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Mannitol Salt Agar ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Veterinary Faculty ◽  
Positive Results

This study aimed to isolate, identify, and sensitivity tested of Staphylococcus aureus from post-surgery wound of local dogs.This study was held in Microbiology Laboratorium of Veterinary Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from April to May 2016. The samples were 10 dogs in their 3rd day’s treatment after surgery.The samples were acquired using sterile swab on the wound that was planted on Nutrient Broth (NB), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, then transferred onto Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and after that it was identified with Gram staining, catalase test, sugar test (mannitol and glucose), Metil Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP) test and antibiotic sensitivity test. The result of   Gram staining showed 7 positive results which identified as coccus formed and coloured as purple. The catalase test showed 7 positive results, the sugar test (mannitol and glucose) showed 4 positive results, the MR-VP showed 4 positive on MR and all negative on VP.. In conclusion, 4 out of 10 samples showed a presence of Staphylococcus aureus on post-surgery wound of local dogs.This bacterium was sensitive on Tetracycline (50%) and also on Streptomycine and Gentamicin (100%). This bacterium resistant to  Tetracycline (50%) and Ampicillin (100%).

scholarly journals Emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media in Chhattisgarh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
B. R. Singh ◽  
Sagarika Pradhan ◽  
R. Murthy ◽  
Ekta Agrawal ◽  
Rekha Barapatre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Common Organism ◽  
Life Threatening

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common chronic ear disease and a major health problem in developing countries causing deafness and life threatening complications like meningitis and brain abscess. Early and effective treatment based on the knowledge of causative organism and their antibiotic sensitivity is essential for immediate clinical recovery.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 152 clinically diagnosed patients with CSOM safe were enrolled in the study and two swab of the discharge ear were obtained from each patient under aseptic precaution. Microbiological study was done according to standard operative guidelines.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 152 patients 93 male and 59 were female, majority of the patient seen below 30 year of age. Most common organism found was <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(43.2%) and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>(27.9%). <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was sensitive to vancomycin (98%) and linezolide (100%) and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>was found highly sensitive to Imipenem cilastin (84.85%) and Imipenem (66.7%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study gram positive <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (43.2%) and gram negative bacilli <em>P. aeuroginosa</em> (27.9%) was the most common organism was found and this <em>P. aeruginosa</em> were hospital acquired infections. We found out high resistant to Cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin and aztreonam.</p>

scholarly journals Profil Penggunaan Antibiotik dan Peta Kuman pada Pasien Gangren Diabetes Melitus di Sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Isna Romadhona ◽  
Fauna Herawati ◽  
Rika Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Antibiotik merupakan obat yang digunakan untuk mengatasi dan mencegah infeksi bakteri. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah, diantaranya pengobatan akan lebih mahal dan juga risiko terjadinya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penggunaan antibiotik dan profil peta kuman pada pasien gangren diabetes melitus di sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik serta untuk mengetahui kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotik dengan mengacu pada Permenkes Republik Indonesia No. 2406/Menkes/PER/XII/2011. Data penggunaan antibiotik diperoleh dari catatan Rekam Medis pada periode Januari – November 2017. Data penggunaan antibiotik dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat. Hasil perhitungan DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat menunjukkan hasil sebesar 470,11 DDD/100 pasien-hari rawat. Peta kuman pada pasien gangren, melaporkan adanya bakteri Enterobacter cloacae 24%, Escherichia coli 18%, Staphylococcus aureus 15%, Acinetobacter baumannii 9%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 6%, Citrobacter youngae 6%, Enterobacter aerogenes 6%, Proteus vulgaris 6%, Staphylococcus schleiferi 6%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3%, dan Proteus mirabilis 3% . Penggunaan antibiotik seftriakson dan metronidazol pada pasien gangren diabetes melitus di sebuah RSUD di Kabupaten Gresik pada periode Januari – November 2017 telah sesuai dengan pedoman penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan Permenkes Republik Indonesia No. 2406/Menkes/PER/ XII/2011, yaitu antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi III yang lebih aktif terhadap Enterobacteriaceae dan antibiotik golongan nitroimidazol yang dapat mengobati infeksi bakteri basil anerob Gram-Negatif.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification of Bacterial Species Causing Chronic suppurative Otitis Media and Detection Some of Their Virulence Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yumna Shaker Mahmood1 ◽  
Suha Maher Abed1 ◽  
Amar Mohammed Alwan2
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Almost All

The study is conducted to diagnose the aerobic bacterial species causing chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), reveal the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and detect some of their virulence factors. Samples were collected during the period from June till December 2018.  From a total of eighty-two patients admitted to Samarra Hospital and outpatient clinics of both genders with different age groups, 82 bacterial culture are recovered using a cotton swab. Identification of bacterial isolates is performed depending on micro and macroscopic cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. Results of the current work show that the highest infection rates are at the age groups >1 to 5 and 11 to 20 years by (20%). Among eight bacterial species isolated in the current study (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, K.pneumonia, S.epidermidis, E.coli, P.vulgaris, C. freundii, E. Cloacae), S. aureus had scored the highest rate (41%) of the total infections while the lowest rate was scored by E.Cloacae(1%). The antibiotic sensitivity test suggests that almost all isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and meropenem (96% and 94% respectively) while they were resistant to Cefixime. The ability of bacteria is isolated from CSOM to produce biofilm and some virulence factors (gelatinase, hemolysin, DNase, urease) are investigated the virulence factor results revealed that. S. aureus, P.aeruginosa, K. pneumonia had the ability to produce biofilm and S. aureus, P. aeruginosa  have the ability the highest production for the majority of virulence factors.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.128

BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN CHILDREN OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EAR DISCHARGE.

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Richa Sharma ◽  
Prashant Gupta ◽  
Anupam Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background-Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common childhood infections in pre-school aged children and a major cause of childhood morbidity. OM also represents the most frequent reason for antibiotic prescription in children. It is also the principal cause of childhood hearing loss in India. Objectives- We aimed to study the microbiological prole and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in children of otitis media with ear discharge in the tertiary care center in Lucknow and its application in the empirical treatment of otitis media. Methods: The study was conducted from September 2017 to September 2018 on 150 children attending the ENT OPD and Microbiology Department having ear discharge. Ear discharge samples were taken from 150 children (both male and female). Direct gram staining, KOH microscopy, and susceptibility testing were carried out. Results: Among 150 cases, 10 cases were found to be of ASOM, and 140 of CSOM. Predominant organisms were Staphylococcus species (22.67%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.7%), and Escherichia coli (10.7%). . Among Staphylococcus aureus,55% were Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 45% were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Only 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated among 10 ASOM cases. Staphylococcus species were found to be 100% sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin, 80% to amikacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 53% to erythromycin, and 46% to clindamycin and levooxacin. 91% isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, 80% to cefepime, amikacin, and tobramycin, and 72% to gentamicin. Conclusion: The study of microbial patterns and their antibiotic sensitivity determines the prevalent bacterial organisms causing otitis media in children in the local area and to start empirical treatment of otitis media and its complications for successful outcome, thus to prevent the emergence of resistant strains.

scholarly journals Microbiology and antibiotic sensitivity of uncomplicated chronic suppurative otitis media at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Monica Kotu ◽  
Ian Paul Olwoch
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Age Range

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was conducted to assess the type and frequency of isolation of different microorganisms in uncomplicated chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and their antibiotic sensitivity in our institution.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 88 consecutive patients with unilateral or bilateral active, chronic suppurative otitis media attending outpatient department at DGMAH were included in the study after obtaining an informed consent. There were 55 males (62.5%) and 33 females (37.9%) with age range between 6 months and 76 years. Pus swabs were taken through the perforation site and from the promontory after ear mopping under direct vision.  </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Children less than 5 years were more affected (23.9%) than older children 5-10 years (13.6%) and 11-15 years (11.45%). One hundred and six microorganisms were isolated from analysis of cultures obtained from 72 patients. Seven cultures were negative (5.9%), 8 specimens were contaminated (6.7%) and 1 specimen was lost (1.1%). <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (</em>24.0%<em>) </em>was the most common isolate, followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(17%) and <em>Proteus mirabilis </em>(10%). Drug sensitivity pattern showed that Piperacillin-tazobactam was effective against the majority of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>isolates at 72%, followed by both Gentamicin and Ceftazidime at 64% and Ciprofloxacin at 48%. <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>isolates were sensitive to Erythromycin (77%), Cloxacillin and Clindamycin at 72%. <em>Proteus mirabilis </em>was sensitive to Cefuroxime (91%), Co-amoxiclav (72.8%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Isolation rate and susceptibility patterns in CSOM, suggest a need for regular surveillance to monitor antimicrobial resistance and to guide antibacterial therapy.</p><p class="abstract"> </p><h1> </h1>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bacterial Species in Patients with Skin Infection and their Antibiogram

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Immaculata U. Nwankwo ◽  
Kelechi C. Edward ◽  
Chinedu N. Nwoba ◽  
Chinyere V. Okwudiri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Percentage Occurrence ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Microbiological Criteria

Introduction: The skin is a barrier that limits invasion and growth of pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial species in patients with skin infection and their antibiogram were evaluated for the presence of inhabiting bacteria. Method: The sample obtained with swab sticks were streaked on their respective culture plates containing nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar, incubated 370 for 24h. The recovered bacteria after incubation were characterized and identified according to standard microbiological criteria. Results: Five bacteria species were isolated which includes Staphylococus aureus; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella specie, Proteus sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococus aureus (33.03%) had the highest percentage occurrence while Proteus Sp (9.17%) had the lowest percentage occurrence. The highest number of isolates were recovered from male patients (61.47%). Age wise the least percentage of isolates were gotten from age group 31-40 (1.83%) while the highest was obtained from those within the age range of 11-20 (40.37%) followed by 1-10 years of age (25.69%). More isolates were recovered from in-patients (68.81%) than from Out-patients (31.19%). The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Klebsiella sp, Proteus spp and Staphylococcus aureus were sensitivity to all the antibiotics tested while pseudomonas aeruginosa had 30% activity (sensitivity to only 3 drugs) for the antibiotics used in this study. Conclusion: From this study, it can be said that Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Proteus sp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are implicated in the skin infections in humans and their presence if not treated will lead to long term disease in human affected.

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