DINAMIKA TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

This study aims to determine the dynamics of agricultural labor force of North Sulawesi Province. Re-search location in Manado (July to August 2010). Collecting data is secondary data research. The data were processed using the calculation of share of labor and labor force growth rate calculations. The re-sults showed employment growth rate of agriculture sector decreased by 5.78 percent per annum in the period of 2000-2009. While employment in non-agricultural sector increased by 1.78 percent each year. This indicates there is the tendency of structural transformation of agriculture labor to non-agricultural sector. Low tendency of Trade will be able to influence farmers to reduce or stop activities that agribusi-ness will affect the size of the agricultural labor share. Labor share of agriculture sector on the basis of education level is dominated by the level of primary education during the period 2007-2009 but its labor force growth rate has decreased each year in both rural and urban areas. Labor share of the agricultur-al sector based on the age group was dominated by the age of 55 years and above over the 2007-2009 period and is indicated by increasing the growth rate of labor force in rural and urban areas especially in urban areas despite a decline each year that tend to occur due to an increased energy agricultural labor in rural areas. Labor share of agriculture sector by district / city dominated by Bolaang Mongon-dow during the period 2007-2009, although rates of employment growth in agriculture sector has de-creased each year in both rural and urban areas. Labor share of agriculture sector based on the out-pouring of work hours was dominated by workers who work full (>35 hours) during the period 2007-2009 despite the decline in employment growth rates in both rural and urban areas each year.Keywords: Dynamics of Agricultural Labor Force, Structural Transformation, Labor Share

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DINAMIKA TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

EUGENIA ◽

10.35791/eug.16.3.2010.15148 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Benu Olfie L.S. ◽

Esry O. Laoh ◽

Sophia L. Montong ◽

Yesi H. Supartoyo

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Labor Force ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Labor Share ◽

Employment Dynamics ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

North Sulawesi

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the employment dynamics of agricultural sector in North Sulawesi Province. The research was conducted in Manado (July to August 2010, by using the collecting data as a secondary data research. The data was analyzed using labor share and labor force growth rate. The result showed that labor share of agriculture sector on the basis of education level was dominated by the level of primary education during the period 2007-2009 but its labor force growth rate had decreased each year in both rural and urban areas. On the age group was dominated by the age of 55 years and above. The employment growth rate of agriculture sector was decreased by 5.78 percent each year in the period of 2000-2009. While the fenomena employment in non-agricultural sector was increased by 1.78 percent each year. This result indicated that there was tendency of structural transformation of agriculture sector to non-agricultural sector. The low tendency of trade will be able to influence farmers to reduce or to stop the agribusiness activities that will affect the size of the agiculture labor force share. Keywords: Employment Dynamics of Agricultural Sector

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A Comparative Analysis of Land, Caste, and Gender in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh With Reference to India

Handbook of Research on Indigenous Knowledge and Bi-Culturalism in a Global Context - Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-6061-6.ch009 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 149-175

Author(s):

M. Thangaraj

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Land Reform ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

National Income ◽

Tenure Reform ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

And Gender

Land is a gift of nature and its supply is perfectly inelastic. The quality of land differs very much from one place to another. Land is an important productive asset in rural India. Land is the backbone of agriculture. It serves as the base for all living beings. Nearly two-thirds of the workforce directly or indirectly depends on agriculture for their livelihood. About one-fifth of national income is derived from agricultural sector. Agriculture is a risky and most uncertain economic activity, as it heavily depends upon the vagarious of monsoon. Land market is a significant economic activity and may be classified into land sale market and land lease market both in rural and urban areas. Land reform is one of the regulating mechanisms of the agrarian activity which may be classified into 1) reforms aimed at changing ownership pattern (re-distributive reform) or 2) reforms dealing with leasing of land (tenancy/tenure reform).

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ANALISIS POTENSI DAN KONTRIBUSI PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN SEKTOR PERDESAAN DAN PERKOTAAN (PBB P2) DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

Jurnal REKSA Rekayasa Keuangan Syariah dan Audit ◽

10.12928/j.reksa.v4i2.160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Fitriani Hatta ◽

Dewi Amalia

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Tax Revenue ◽

Government Revenue ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Local Revenue ◽

Local Taxes ◽

Rural And Urban

According to the law number 28 year 2009 on local taxes and levies, building and land tax is 5 types namely P2 and P3. PBB P2 is the rural and urban areas, PBB P3 is the agricultural sector, fisheries, and mining. PBB P2 central tax formerly be transferred to local taxes. The regulation is effective from the beginning of 2014. Several regions had already been made since the transitional PBB P2 2012. One of the regions that conducted the transfer is in Yogyakarta. The purpose of this research was to study, analyze and concluded about potential of tax in Kabupaten Gunungkidul PBB P2 in 2014 and about the contribution of the PBB P2 in Kabupaten Gunungkidul last year until the year 2014. Based on calculations on the results of potential PBB P2 2104 year, the determination of the target and the realization of tax revenue PBB P2 in 2014 is far from the existing potential. A comparison of potential PBB P2 and the target of PBB P2 is 24,49 %, it means the determination of the target of PBB P2 is far from the existing potential. A comparison of the potential and the PBB P2 is 21,06 percent, it means the realization of tax revenue PBB P2 is far from the existing potential. In accordance with the results of the calculation of the potential research Abdullah (2012) said that when the budget income, the head of units tend to determine the target under the potential income actually. The calculation on the contribution indicate the percentage of PBB P2 in Kabupaten Gunungkidul from 2011 up to 2013 has been steadily declining. It means the role of PBB P2 or other contributions to the local revenue starting the year 2011 up to 2013 the less. This is because the realization of local revenue in Kabupaten Gunungkidul from 2011 until 2013 also rose, so as to cause the contribution of PBB P2 to local government revenue decline, although the realization of tax revenue PBB P2 increase from year 2011 up to 2013 .

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STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH TERTINGGAL DALAM UPAYA PERCEPATAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI PEDESAAN

Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan ◽

10.23917/jep.v14i1.166 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Almasdi Syahza ◽

Suarman Suarman

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Social Aspects ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Agriculture Sector ◽

The People ◽

Rural And Urban

The implementation of development, especially in coastal areas of Riau Province, has not been able to improve the welfare of the people especially those living in rural areas. The disparity between rural and urban areas caused by bias and distortion of the development which more pro to urban economy. It causes disadvantaged areas that poor and underdeveloped. The strategy of disadvantaged areas development in Regency of Kepulauan Meranti is the development of agriculture sector based on agribusiness, because most of its population are farmers and fishermen. In the effort to spur the development from economic and social aspects in disadvantaged areas, then the program of rural development should prioritize the three main aspects, those are: 1) Improvement of People's Economy (Eradicate Poverty); 2) Improving the Quality of Human Resources (Alleviation of Ignorance); 3) Infrastructure Development.

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Rural-urban differences in the labor-force impacts of COVID-19 in the United States

10.31235/osf.io/9yh26 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew M Brooks ◽

Tom Mueller ◽

Brian C. Thiede

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Labor Force ◽

Urban Areas ◽

State Level ◽

The United States ◽

Rural Workers ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Urban America ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Using Data

COVID-19 has had dramatic impacts on economic outcomes across the United States, yet most research on the pandemic has had a national or urban focus. We overcome this limitation using data from the U.S. Current Population Survey’s COVID-19 supplement to study pandemic-related labor force outcomes from May through December of 2020 in rural and urban areas. We find the pandemic has generally had a more severe labor force impact on urban residents than their rural counterparts. Urban adults were more likely to be unable to work, not paid for missed hours, and be unable to look for work due to COVID-19. However, rural workers were less likely to be able to work remotely than urban workers. These differences persist even when adjusting estimates for demographic composition and state-level policies, suggesting rural-urban differences in the COVID-19 experience cannot be explained by well-known demographic and political differences between rural and urban America.

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Rural-Urban Differences in the Labor-Force Impacts of COVID-19 in the United States

Socius Sociological Research for a Dynamic World ◽

10.1177/23780231211022094 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 237802312110220

Author(s):

Matthew M. Brooks ◽

J. Tom Mueller ◽

Brian C. Thiede

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Labor Force ◽

Urban Areas ◽

State Level ◽

The United States ◽

Rural Workers ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Urban Adults ◽

Using Data

COVID-19 has had dramatic impacts on economic outcomes across the United States, yet most research on the pandemic’s labor-market impacts has had a national or urban focus. We overcome this limitation using data from the U.S. Current Population Survey’s COVID-19 supplement to study pandemic-related labor-force outcomes in rural and urban areas from May 2020 through February 2021. We find the pandemic has generally had more severe labor-force impacts on urban adults than their rural counterparts. Urban adults were more often to go unpaid for missed hours, to be unable to work, and to be unable to look for work due to COVID-19. However, rural workers were less likely to work remotely than urban workers. These differences persist even when adjusting for adults’ socioeconomic characteristics and state-level factors. Our results suggest that rural-urban differences in the nature of work during the pandemic cannot be explained by well-known demographic and political differences between rural and urban America.

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A Model to Enhance the Economic Growth Rate and Literacy Rate of the Rural and Urban Area

International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management ◽

10.4018/ijsem.2021010104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 45-56

Author(s):

Mashhood Hasan ◽

Ali Medabesh ◽

Muhammad Mobarki ◽

Waleed Hassan Alhazmi

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Literacy Rate ◽

Economic Growth Rate ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Time Work ◽

Rural And Urban Area

A model Mistry training center (MTC) is proposed here to enhance the economic growth rate and literacy rate of the rural and urban areas. It is based on a teacher, Mistry, and eduworker. This is a combination of school and small industries into a single educational setting. In this model, the teacher teaches the general course whereas Mistry means a technical person who has skill in particular fields. Moreover, eduworker means students who take education with part-time work. This model is developed an algorithm to understand basic three mode such as primary mode accomplishment (PMA), apprentice mode accomplishment (AMA), and finally, optional mode (OM) of the proposed model. While role and responsibilities of the teacher, Mistry, and eduworker are given in detail under profitable condition and non-profitable conditions, a comparative data of the per capita income, literacy rate, and gross domestic product (GDP) are presented to distinguish how the proposed model is a good option.

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Produktif Saat Pandemi melalui Edukasi Hidroponik dan Aquaponik untuk Masyarakat Perkotaan (Studi Kasus: Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat)

Agrokreatif Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ◽

10.29244/agrokreatif.7.2.107-114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 107-114

Author(s):

Laily Dwi Arsyianti ◽

Divary Raihan Pratama ◽

Nadia Fauzana ◽

Ryan Arif Basardi

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Limited Area ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

The Family ◽

Cultivation Technology ◽

Food Needs ◽

The City

Indonesia is one of countries affected by the pandemic of Covid-19. All aspects of prevention and countermeasures have been carried out by various parties around the world regarding the pandemic that has occurred from March 2020 to the present. The agricultural sector is of concern because it has an important role and is closely related to national food security, as well as the supporting sector to strengthen Indonesia economy, particularly in such condition. Agriculture also can offer a solution to avoid food crises. One of the activities is to diversify food and not rely entirely on the amount of food in the market. This activity attempts to utilized limited area available in the city, thus it becomes more productive especially during pandemic. The hydroponic and aquaponic system of agricultural cultivation technology provides an alternative to be used as an adequate source of income and can meet family food needs. This technique can be carried out by people who live both in rural and urban areas which is not required a wide space. This activity can strengthen family food security as well as become additional income or even the main income of the family.

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