Dual Response Approach in Process Capability based on Hybrid Neural Network-Genetic Algorithms

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Tritiya A.R. Arungpadang ◽  
Stenly Tangkuman ◽  
Lily S. Patras
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Process Capability ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Hybrid Neural Network ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Requirements Process ◽  
Dual Response ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Conventional Optimization

Process capability has long been recognized as an important performance measure to prove how well the process meets the requirements. Process capability can be improved by applying dual response approach, to determine optimal input factors. Using of artificial intelligence can optimize the prediction of the best input combination with a limited number of experiments. This study proposes an alternatives procedure using a dual response approach and artificial intelligence. One of the most common robust design models has been formulated to minimize variability while maintaining the mean on the desired target. A study case was selected to implement the proposed approach and compare it with conventional optimization models to show the improvement in procedures.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Home-Based Occupational Therapy on COPM Performance and Satisfaction Scores in Patients with COPD

2020 ◽  
pp. 000841742097112
Author(s):  
Eleonore H. Koolen ◽  
Martijn A. Spruit ◽  
Marianne de Man ◽  
Jeanine C. Antons ◽  
Elieke Nijhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Background. Occupational therapy (OT) may be an important intervention in patients with COPD, but studies show conflicting results. Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of home-based monodisciplinary OT in COPD patients Method. We conducted an observational clinical study. Main outcomes were the mean differences in the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) performance and satisfaction scores, pre and post intervention. Findings. Pre- and postintervention data were obtained from 41 patients. Statistically significant increases were observed in COPM performance (5.0 ± 1.1 versus 6.9 ± 0.9; P<0.001) and satisfaction (4.6 ± 1.3 versus 6.9 ± 1.0; P<0.001). The most frequently reported occupational performance problems were found in the domains of productivity (47%) and mobility (40%), fewer in self-care (10%) and the least in leisure (3%). Implications. Home-based monodisciplinary OT can contribute significantly to the improvement of daily functioning of patients with COPD. OT should therefore be considered more often as part of the integrated management of these patients.

A-136 The Transfer of Cognitive Training to Real-World Functioning: Results of our First Six Pilot Subjects at Six-Month Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1188
Author(s):  
Jason A Blake ◽  
Brandon Mitchell ◽  
Staci McKay ◽  
Gitendra Uswatte ◽  
Edward Taub
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
The Real ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Laboratory Measures

Abstract Objective Currently, the majority of cognitive training research measures treatment efficacy using in-laboratory measures, with minimal focus on real-world treatment changes. This case series demonstrates the feasibility of transferring cognitive improvements from the laboratory into the everyday life setting. Method This case series includes 6 chronic post-stroke participants; mild to moderate cognitive impairment. The intervention combines cognitive training with behavioral techniques, known as the Transfer Package (TP). The TP involves components that target functionality on IADLs in the real-world. Performance on cognitively-based IADLs in the real world are measured pre-treatment, post, and 6-month follow-up. Measures of real-world ability are the: Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Cognitive Task Activity Log (CTAL) and Inventory of Improved and New Abilities (INCA). In-laboratory measures included the D-KEFS and Timed IADL assessments. Results The real-world outcome measures used in this study were the COPM and two measures developed for this study, the CTAL and INCA. The mean change from pre to post on the COPM Performance Scale was 2.18 (SD = 1.33) and the mean change on the COPM Satisfaction Scale was 2.70 (SD = 1.27). The mean change on the CTAL was 1.96 (SD = 0.93). On the INCA, the mean number of improved real-world cognitive activities was 11.8 (SD = 4.9) and the mean number of new cognitive activities was 7.6 (SD = 3.9). Follow-up reported near-perfect retention on CTAL and continued improvement on the INCA. There were minimal changes on in-laboratory measures. Conclusions This case series provides a framework for achieving the transfer of cognitive training treatment effects in the real-world life situation by overcoming behavioral barriers to functioning.

Hedge Funds: The Good, the Bad, and the Lucky

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Michael Cliff ◽  
Haibei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Hedge Funds ◽  
Expectation Maximization ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Distributions ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Mixture Of Normal Distributions ◽  
Skill Groups ◽  
The Mean

We develop an estimation approach based on a modified expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and a mixture of normal distributions associated with skill groups to assess performance in hedge funds. By allowing luck to affect both skilled and unskilled funds, we estimate the number of skill groups, the fraction of funds from each group, and the mean and variability of skill within each group. For each individual fund, we propose a performance measure combining the fund’s estimated alpha with the cross-sectional distribution of fund skill. In out-of-sample tests, an investment strategy using our performance measure outperforms those using estimated alpha and t-statistic.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of sensor monitoring in a rehabilitation programme for older patients after hip fracture: a three-arm stepped wedge randomised trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet C Pol ◽  
Gerben ter Riet ◽  
Margo van Hartingsveldt ◽  
Ben Kröse ◽  
Bianca M Buurman
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensor Monitoring

AbstractObjectivesto test the effects of an intervention involving sensor monitoring-informed occupational therapy on top of a cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT)-based coaching therapy on daily functioning in older patients after hip fracture.Design, setting and patientsthree-armed randomised stepped wedge trial in six skilled nursing facilities, with assessments at baseline (during admission) and after 1, 4 and 6 months (at home). Eligible participants were hip fracture patients ≥ 65 years old.Interventionspatients received care as usual, CBT-based occupational therapy or CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring. Interventions comprised a weekly session during institutionalisation, followed by four home visits and four telephone consultations over three months.Main outcomes and measuresthe primary outcome was patient-reported daily functioning at 6 months, assessed with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.Resultsa total of 240 patients (mean[SD] age, 83.8[6.9] years were enrolled. At baseline, the mean Canadian Occupational Performance Measure scores (range 1–10) were 2.92 (SE 0.20) and 3.09 (SE 0.21) for the care as usual and CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring groups, respectively. At six months, these values were 6.42 (SE 0.47) and 7.59 (SE 0.50). The mean patient-reported daily functioning in the CBT-based occupational therapy with sensor monitoring group was larger than that in the care as usual group (difference 1.17 [95% CI (0.47-1.87) P = 0.001]. We found no significant differences in daily functioning between CBT-based occupational therapy and care as usual.Conclusions and relevanceamong older patients recovering from hip fracture, a rehabilitation programme of sensor monitoring-informed occupational therapy was more effective in improving patient-reported daily functioning at six months than to care as usual.Trial registrationDutch National Trial Register, NTR 5716.

Self-perceived occupational performance of community-dwelling adults living with stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-385
Author(s):  
Ala’a F. Jaber ◽  
Dory Sabata ◽  
Jeff D. Radel
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
The Mean

Background. Stroke has long-term consequences for functional performance of daily activities. Evaluating client-perceived occupational performance provides insight for designing stroke-specific programs supporting home and community participation. Purpose. This study describes the personal characteristics and self-perceived occupational performance in community-dwelling adults with stroke. Method. A retrospective chart review was undertaken of 25 stroke survivors who sought services at a community-based centre. The outcome measures were the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to evaluate self-perceived occupational performance and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to screen for cognitive impairment. The analysis used descriptive statistics. Findings. Mean participant age was 64 years, and most participants were Caucasian males (72%). The mean cognitive function score was 22.1 on MoCA, and the mean COPM performance and satisfaction subscores were 4.1 and 3.9, respectively. The top three challenging daily activities were driving, seeking employment, and functional mobility. Implications. Stroke-specific community programs should emphasize the diverse performance concerns important to stroke survivors.

Clinicoepidemiology and treatment outcome of acute intestinal obstruction in adult in KIMS Amalapuram: a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Y. Anantha Lakshmi ◽  
K. V. Narasimha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Case ◽  
Surgical Admission

Background: The intestinal obstruction is a common potentially risky surgical emergency in all age group globally. This is responsible for 12% to 15% of surgical admission due to acute abdomen. Obstruction to gastrointestinal tract can occur at all labels but it is small intestine which more commonly involved. To improve the outcome early diagnosis and management is essential. Present study has been designed to study the epidemiology, demography and clinical presentation of acute intestinal obstruction and to study the complications and outcome of surgical management of acute intestinal obstruction.Methods: In present study patients admitted with diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction during study period were enrolled for this study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. As per that 126 patients were enrolled for this study. Case record of all patients were closely reviewed and analysed thoroughly.Results: The mean age of the patients was 54.64±12.93 years. The acute intestinal obstruction was more common in 41 to 60 years of age group that is (44.45%). Regarding etiology of acute intestinal obstruction 44.45% patient adhesion was the etiology of obstruction. Resection of adhesion was most common procedure done for removal of obstruction (42.85%).Conclusions: Adhesion was most common etiology and pain abdomen and tachycardia was common presentation. Regarding management of obstruction resection of adhesion was most common procedure done for removal of obstruction. Infection of wound was common complication.

Satisfaction and performance in patient selected goals after grip reconstruction in tetraplegia

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wangdell ◽  
J. Fridén
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽  
Basic Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

Reconstruction of grip in tetraplegia aims to improve upper extremity performance and control in daily life. We evaluated the effects of surgery and rehabilitation on performance and satisfaction of patient identified activity goals in 20 patients (22 arms) who had grip reconstructions for both finger and thumb flexion. Patients assessed an improvement in both performance and satisfaction after surgery in all groups of activities assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The mean improvement at 6 and 12 months was 3.5 points better than the 2.5 points before surgery. Before surgery 36% of the goals identified were impossible to perform. After surgery, 78% of these goals were possible. The largest improvement was observed in the basic activity of ‘eating’ but significant improvement was also noted in activities generally regarded as complex and not measured in standard ADL such as ‘doing housework’ and taking part in ‘leisure’.

scholarly journals Use of artificial intelligence for estimating cost of integral bridges

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
Stjepan Lakusic
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Early Phases

Estimation of costs is important in every phase of realisation of construction projects. However, the influence of cost estimation is the highest in early phases as it is then that the decision about accepting the job or withdrawing from the project is made. The quantity of data available in initial phases of the project is smaller compared to subsequent phases, which affects accuracy of cost estimation in such early phases. A research making use of artificial intelligence to estimate construction costs of integral road bridges is presented in the paper. The estimation model is prepared by means of neural networks. The best neural network model has proven to be highly accurate in the estimation of costs based on the mean absolute error, which amounts to 13.40 %.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Its Effect on Dermatologists’ Accuracy in Dermoscopic Melanoma Image Classification: Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman C Maron ◽  
Jochen S Utikal ◽  
Achim Hekler ◽  
Axel Hauschild ◽  
Elke Sattler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Control Step ◽  
Average Confidence ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Early detection of melanoma can be lifesaving but this remains a challenge. Recent diagnostic studies have revealed the superiority of artificial intelligence (AI) in classifying dermoscopic images of melanoma and nevi, concluding that these algorithms should assist a dermatologist’s diagnoses. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether AI support improves the accuracy and overall diagnostic performance of dermatologists in the dichotomous image–based discrimination between melanoma and nevus. METHODS Twelve board-certified dermatologists were presented disjoint sets of 100 unique dermoscopic images of melanomas and nevi (total of 1200 unique images), and they had to classify the images based on personal experience alone (part I) and with the support of a trained convolutional neural network (CNN, part II). Additionally, dermatologists were asked to rate their confidence in their final decision for each image. RESULTS While the mean specificity of the dermatologists based on personal experience alone remained almost unchanged (70.6% vs 72.4%; <i>P</i>=.54) with AI support, the mean sensitivity and mean accuracy increased significantly (59.4% vs 74.6%; <i>P</i>=.003 and 65.0% vs 73.6%; <i>P</i>=.002, respectively) with AI support. Out of the 10% (10/94; 95% CI 8.4%-11.8%) of cases where dermatologists were correct and AI was incorrect, dermatologists on average changed to the incorrect answer for 39% (4/10; 95% CI 23.2%-55.6%) of cases. When dermatologists were incorrect and AI was correct (25/94, 27%; 95% CI 24.0%-30.1%), dermatologists changed their answers to the correct answer for 46% (11/25; 95% CI 33.1%-58.4%) of cases. Additionally, the dermatologists’ average confidence in their decisions increased when the CNN confirmed their decision and decreased when the CNN disagreed, even when the dermatologists were correct. Reported values are based on the mean of all participants. Whenever absolute values are shown, the denominator and numerator are approximations as every dermatologist ended up rating a varying number of images due to a quality control step. CONCLUSIONS The findings of our study show that AI support can improve the overall accuracy of the dermatologists in the dichotomous image–based discrimination between melanoma and nevus. This supports the argument for AI-based tools to aid clinicians in skin lesion classification and provides a rationale for studies of such classifiers in real-life settings, wherein clinicians can integrate additional information such as patient age and medical history into their decisions.

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