scholarly journals STUDI POPULASI BAKTERI RESISTEN MERKURI DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI TONDANO, KELURAHAN KETANG BARU, MANADO

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Aaltje E. Manampiring ◽  
Billy J. Keppel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Watershed Area ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria

Kadar merkuri yang tinggi di perairan umumnya dapat mempengaruhi keadaan biota termasuk bakteri yang resisten terhadap merkuri. Penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan metode cross sectional bertujuan untuk menguji resistensi bakteri di aliran sungai Tondano, Kelurahan Ketang Baru, Manado terhadap merkuri. Escherichia coli dan Bacillus careus (isolat1,1 dan 2,2) hanya dapar tumbuh pada konsentrasi HgCl2 0,02%. Lactobacillus sp. dan Veillonella parvula (isolat 1,2 2,1 3,1 dan 3,2) tumbuh pada konsentrasi HgCl2 0,06%. Lactobacillus sp. (isolat 3,1) saja yang tumbuh pada konsentrasi HgCl2 0,1% dan tidak ada bakteri yang mampu tumbuh pada konsentrasi HgCl2 0,2%. STUDY ON POPULATION OF MERCURY-RESISTANT BACTERIAIN THE WATERSHED AREA OF TONDANO RIVER,KELURAHAN KETANG BARU, MANADOHigh concentration of mercury in the watershed area can affect biota condition, including mercury-resistant bacteria. This descriptive research with cross-sectional method aimed to evaluate the mercury-resistance of bacteria in watershed area of Tondano, Kelurahan Ketang Baru, Manado. Escherichia coli and Bacillus careus (isolates 1,1, dan 2,2) were able to grow in HgCl2 0,02%. Lactobacillus sp. and Veillonella parvula (isolates 1,2 2,1 3,1 and 3,2) grow in HgCl2 0,06%. Lactobacilus sp. (isolate 3,1) only grow in HgCl2 0,1% and none of bacteria could grow in HgCl2 0,2%.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV Genes in Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia Coli from Clinical Samples

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Indrani Jadhav ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Abstract BackgroundExtended spectrum β-lactamases are the group of beta-lactamase enzymes which confer resistance to the oxyimino-cephalosporins and monobactams. Emergence of ESBL producing genes which possess a serious threat for the treatment of infections both in community and hospitals since it is found to be increasing trends of multidrug resistance. This study was focused to find out the ESBLs producing genes.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 2 years (September 2018 to April 2020) at microbiology laboratory of Nepal Mediciti Hospital. Clinical samples were processed in microbiology laboratory and culture isolates were indetified and characterized by standard microbiological techniques. following standard procedures.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases were phenotypically confirmed by combined disc method.ESBL producing genes i.e. blaTEM,blaCTX-M and blaSHV were confirmed by PCR.ResultsOf the 1449 total E.coli isolates, 323/1449(22.29%) isolates were multi -drug resistance.Among total MDR Escherichia coli isolates, 215/323(66.56%) isolates were ESBL producers. The maximum number of ESBL Escherichia coli was isolated from urine 194(90.23%), followed by sputum 12(5.58%), swab 5 (2.32%), pus 2 (0.93%) and blood 2 (0.93%).Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of ESBL E.coli producers showed highest sensitivity towards tigecycline (100%) followed by polymyxin b, colistin and meropenem.Out of 215 phenotypically confirmed ESBL E.coli,only 186(86.51%) isolates were found to positive by PCR.The last 29(13.49%) were negative for any of the resistant genes.Among the ESBL genotypes,most common was blaTEM 118(63.4%) followed by blaCTX-M 68(36.6%).ConclusionThe emergence of MDR and ESBL producing E.coli isolates with high antibiotic resistant rates to commonly used antibiotics and increased predominance of major gene types blaTEM is a serious concern to the clinicians as well as microbiologist. This study forwarded a real massage to all the clinicians for the emergence of XDR and PDR resistant bacteria and preservation of antibiotics for their proper use in near future, if past experience with MDR and ESBLs is any indicator.

Mercury Reduction by Bacteria Isolated from Informal Mining Zones

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 637-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sánchez Dávila ◽  
J. Hurtado Custodio
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Mercury Reduction ◽  
Mera Gene ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bioremediation Processes ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of this research was the selection of bacterial strains resistant to mercury, as well as to demonstrate their capacity to reduce mercury in solution when they are inoculated in pure and mixed cultures. Samples of soil from informal mining gold sites in Peru were collected and fifteen mercury resistant bacteria were isolated. Strains RM6, RM7, RM9, RM11, RM12 and RM13 were selected for their capacity to reduce mercury in solution. The six bacterial strains belong to the genus Pseudomonas. Inoculated in pure cultures, these strains reduce mercury in solution although in different percentages: RM9, RM11 an RM12 reduce 93% to 97% of the mercury, while strains RM6, RM7 y RM13 reduce 80% to 85%. The consortium of all six bacterial strains showed a mercury reduction of 84%. Approximately 91% of mercury in solution was reduced in 1 hour and this reaction was not associated to bacterial growth. Using specific primers, the merA gene was amplified from genomic DNA of the bacterial strains, which would suggest the activity of the mer operon as a mechanism of mercury resistance. Due to their ability to reduce mercury in solution, it is advisable to carry out more research on the selected strains since they could be useful in future bioremediation processes.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pH dan Suhu terhadap Aktivitas Pereduksi Merkuri Bakteri Resisten Merkuri Tinggi Bacillus cereus yang Diisolasi dari Urin Pasien dengan Amalgam Gigi

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy J. Kepel ◽  
Widdhi Bodhi ◽  
. Fatimawali
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Mercury Detoxification ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria

Abstract: Mercury is a very toxic compound to humans, therefore, a method to overcome its presence in the environment is required. Detoxification of mercury can be done by using mercury resistant bacteria. Mercury-resistant bacteria Bacillus cereus isolate FUA have been obtained from the urine of patients with dental mercury amalgam. This study was aimed to determine the mercury detoxification activity of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA at varying pH medium and incubation temperature. The study was carried out by growing Bacillus cereus isolate FUA on oblique media, then were planted in the growth media of LB broth containing mercury compounds of 10 ppm HgCl2 with varying pHs of 5, 7, and 9 and incubation temperatures of 15, 25 and 35oC. The amount of bacterial growth was analyzed by using spectrophotometer and mercury levels were analyzed by using CV-AAS method. The results showed that the growth and mercury reducing activity of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA were optimum at pH 7 and incubation temperature of 35oC. In conclusion, the growth of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA and its mercury reducing activity were optimum at pH 7 and temperature of 35oC. It is expected that the results of this study can be the basis for further research on the process of mercury detoxificationKeywords: Bacillus cereus, urine, mercury resistance, pH, temperature Abstrak: Merkuri adalah senyawa yang sangat beracun bagi manusia sehingga diperlukan metode untuk mengatasi keberadaannya di lingkungan. Detoksifikasi merkuri dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bakteri resisten merkuri. Bakteri yang resisten merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA telah diperoleh dari urin pasien dengan amalgam gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas detoksifikasi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA pada berbagai variasi pH medium dan suhu inkubasi. Bakteri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA ditumbuhkan pada media miring, kemudian ditanam pada media pertumbuhan bakteri LB broth yang mengandung senyawa merkuri 10 ppm HgCl2 dengan berbagai pH 5, 7 dan 9 dan suhu inkubasi 15, 25 dan 35oC. Jumlah pertumbuhan bakteri dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer dan kadar merkuri dianalisis menggunakan metode CV-AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pertumbuhan dan aktivitas pereduksi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA optimum pada lingkungan pertumbuhan dengan pH 7 dan suhu inkubasi 35oC. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah aktivitas pertumbuhan dan pereduksi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA yang optimum pada pH 7 dan suhu 35oC. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lebih lanjut tentang proses detoksifikasi merkuri.Kata kunci: Bacillus cereus, urin, resistensi merkuri, pH, suhu

scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Resisten Merkuri pada Plak Gigi dan Urin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla R. Lumanto ◽  
Aaltje Manampiring ◽  
Fona Budiarso
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Pharmacy Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria

Abstract: Mercury toxic effects could be reduced by the presence of mercury resistant microorganisms, such as mercury resistant bacteria. These bacteria possess mercury resistant gene, the operon mere gene. Resistance could also occur through genes that code mercury resistant characteristics and of other heavy metal compounds that generally located within the plasmid. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of bacteria in dental plaque and urine that were resistant to mercury. This was a descriptive prospective study with a cross-sectional design. Isolation and identification of the bacteria were conducted at Microbiology Laboratory of Pharmacy Department, Sam Ratulangi University. The results obtained bacteria of Bacillus sp. which were sensitive to antibiotics ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and doxycyclin. Conclusion: Mercury resistent bacteria in dental plaque and urine were sensitive to antibiotics ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and doxycyclin.Keywords: mercury resistent bacteria, dental plaque, urine Abstrak: Toksisitas merkuri dapat berkurang oleh adanya mikroorganisme resisten merkuri, misalnya bakteri resisten merkuri. Hal ini terjadi karena bakteri memiliki gen yang resisten terhadap merkuri, yaitu gen operon mer. Resistensi juga dapat melalui gen yang mengkode sifat resisten terhadap merkuri dan senyawa logam berat lainnya yang umumnya terletak pada plasmid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran bakteri dari plak gigi dan urin yang resistensi terhadap merkuri. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif prospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri dari plak gigi dan urin yang resisten terhadap merkuri dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Farmasi FMIPA Unsrat. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bakteri dari sampel gigi dan urine ialah bakteri Bacillus sp. yang sensitif terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin, eritromisin, dan doksisiklin. Simpulan: Bakteri resisten terhadap merkuri dalam sampel plak gigi dan urin ialah Bacillus sp. yang sensitif terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin, eritromisin, dan doksisiklin.Kata kunci: bakteri resisten merkuri, plak gigi, urin

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENYEBAB TONSILITIS KRONIK PADA PASIEN ANAK DI BAGIAN THT RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nizar ◽  
Nur Qamariah ◽  
Noor Muthmainnah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Repeated Infections

Abstract: Chronic tonsillitis is a condition where tonsil is enlarged, accompanied by repeated infections. Bacterial chronic tonsillitis can be caused by different bacteria, depends on its region. Research for patterns of bacteria causing chronic tonsilitis is needed to determine the target of antibiotics used by hospitals. The general objective of this research was to determine the type of bacteria that cause chronic tonsillitis obtained through a throat swab from pediatric patients in the ENT Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin from August to October 2015. This is a descriptive research using cross sectional approach. The sample in this study is the pediatric patients aged 1-17 years who were diagnosed chronic tonsillitis by ENT specialist at the ENT Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin. Swab was taken from the palatine tonsil and cultured in media isolation and examined using macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical tests. The results showed that 7 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (53.84%), 1 sample of Escherichia coli (7.69%), and 5 samples of Streptococcus sp. (38.46%) are three major bacteria which infected chronic tonsillitis patients in Ulin GeneraL Hospital Banjarmasin. Keywords: chronic tonsillitis, bacterial identification, pediatric patients Abstrak: Tonsilitis kronis merupakan kondisi di mana terjadi pembesaran tonsil disertai dengan serangan infeksi yang berulang-ulang. Bakteri penyebab infeksi  tonsilitis kronis dapat berbeda-beda antar daerah. Perlu adanya penelitian tentang pola kuman agar pemberian antibiotik tepat sasaran.Tujuan umum dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis bakteri penyebab tonsilitis kronik yang didapat melalui swab tenggorok pasien anak di bagian THT RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin pada Agustus-Oktober 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien anak umur 1-17 tahun yang didiagnosis tonsilitis kronis oleh dokter spesialis THT di bagian THT RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Identifikasi diambil dari swab pada tonsila palatinadan dibiakkan pada media isolasi yaitu dengan pemeriksaan secara makroskopis, mikroskopis, dan uji biokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga jenis isolat bakteri yaitu Staphylococcus aureus 7 isolat (53,84%), Escherichia coli 1 isolat (7,69%), dan Streptococcus sp. 5 isolat (38,46%). Kata-kata kunci: Tonsilitis kronis, identifikasi bakteri, pasien anak

Load and Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli from Fresh Goat Meat in Arusha, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
GASPARY MWANYIKA ◽  
DOUGLAS R. CALL ◽  
BENARDETHER RUGUMISA ◽  
CATHERINE LUANDA ◽  
REHEMA MURUTU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibiotic Drug

ABSTRACT Given the potential public health risks associated with a burgeoning goat meat industry in Tanzania, we estimated the load of Escherichia coli and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains for goat meat by using a cross-sectional study design (June to July 2015). Five large (n = 60 samples) and five small (n = 64 samples) slaughterhouses were sampled over a period of four to six visits each. Meat rinsate was prepared and plated onto MacConkey agar, and presumptive E. coli colonies were enumerated and reported as CFU per milliliter of rinsate. In total, 2,736 presumptive E. coli isolates were tested for antibiotic drug sensitivity by using breakpoint assays against 11 medically important antibiotics. E. coli was recovered from almost all the samples (96.8%), with counts ranging from 2 to 4 log CFU ml−1, and there was no significant difference (P = 0.43) in recovery according to facility size (average, 3.37 versus 3.13 log CFU ml−1, large and small, respectively). Samples from large facilities had relatively higher prevalence (P = 0.026) of antibiotic-resistant E. coli compared with small facilities. This was mostly explained by more ampicillin (30.1 versus 12.8%) and amoxicillin (17.6 versus 4.5%) resistance for large versus small facilities, respectively, and more tetracycline resistance for small facilities (5.6 versus 10.6%, respectively). Large slaughter operations may serve as foci for dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria via food products. More effective hygiene practices during slaughter and meat handling would limit the probability of transmitting antibiotic-resistant E. coli in goat meat.

scholarly journals UJI RESISTENSI BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI YANG DIISOLASI DARI PLAK GIGI TERHADAP MERKURI DANANTIBIOTIK SIPROFLOKSASIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kepel ◽  
Fatimawali . ◽  
Fona Budiarso
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dental Plaques ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria

Abstract: Mercury-resistant bacteria can be found in the oral cavity, especially in dental plaques which are exposed to mercury in amalgam. Albeit, not all mercury resistant bacteria must be resistant to antibiotics. This study aimed to determine the level of the resistance of Escherichia coli in mercury and to determine whether the mercury-resistant bacteria have become resistant to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. This study used a descriptive exploratory method with samples of Escherichia coli bacteria, mercury, and antibiotics that were available in the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Sam Ratulangi Manado. The bacterium E. coli were grown in four concentrations of mercury. The results showed that E. coli was resistant to mercury. However, in three repetitions of antibiotic it was found that E. coli was still sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Based on the results, it is advisable to do a similar study in groups using the same antibiotic but with different treatments.Keywords: mercury, bacteria, resistant, ciprofloxacin antibioticAbstrak: Bakteri resisten merkuri bisa ditemukan di dalam rongga mulut pada plak gigi yang terpapar merkuri (amalgam). Bakteri yang resisten merkuri tidak harus resisten terhadap antibiotic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat resisensi bakteri Escherichia coli (E.coli) terhadap merkuri dan untuk mengetahui apakah bakteri yang resisten merkuri ini juga resisten terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif dengan sampel E.coli, merkuri, dan antibiotik yang tersedia di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Farmasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa E. coli yang ditanam pada empat konsentrasi merkuri resisten terhadap merkuri. Dari hasil uji resisten antibiotik dengan tiga kali pengulangan didapatkan bahwa E. coli yang resisten merkuri ini masih sensitif terhadap siprofloksasin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disarankan untuk dilakukan penelitian yang serupa secara berkelompok dengan menggunakan antibiotik yang sama tetapi dengan perlakuan yang berbeda.Kata kunci: merkuri, bakteri, resisten, antibiotik siprofloksasin

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