scholarly journals Assessment of the effect of heavy metal salts on the photosynthetic activity of aquatic plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
G. V. Lobkova ◽  
E. I. Tikhomirova ◽  
Z. A. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Lead Salt ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Effect Of Copper

The status of the photosynthetic pigments in the aquatic plants Lemna minor L. and Elodea canadensis Michx. under the action of Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ acetate in concentrations 5.00, 2.50, 1.25, 0.62, 0.31, 0.15, 0.07, and 0.03 mg/L was assessed by changes in the fluorescence intensity of chlorophyll a and b and their ratio. It was established that nickel acetate in original solutions in all the above concentrations caused an increase in the fluorescence intensity of chlorophylls a and b in L. minor in relation to the control while the lead salt suppressed it. Co2+ acetate inhibits the fluorescence of chlorophyll a with concentrations in the initial solutions of 0.03 to 0.15 and 2.50 mg/L and that of chlorophyll b at all concentrations, except 0.62, 1.25 and 2.50 mg/L. For E. canadensis it was found that the salts of all metals at all concentrations caused a reduction of the fluorescence intensity of chlorophyll a relative to the control and increased it in the case of chlorophyll b. The exception is the effect of copper and lead acetates with a concentration of 1.25 mg/L, when the fluorescence intensity of chlorophyll b is maintained at the control level. The presence of Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ acetates in all concentrations in the culture medium influences the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chlorophyll a and b, which indicates a violation of the photosynthesis process. Our data on the change in the chlorophyll a / b ratio leads to a conclusion about degradation of chlorophyll a relative to chlorophyll b after the effect of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Study of chlorophylls and carotenoids in Sansevieria hyacinthoides leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
V. Velma ◽  
V. Kyslychenko ◽  
S. Velma ◽  
А. Popyk
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Separation Results

Topicality. Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L.) Druce belongs to the Asparagaceae family. The plant is native to African countries. It has been introduced and naturalized in some countries of America, Asia, Australia and Europe. This species is grown as an ornamental plant in many countries, and as a medicinal plant in Africa. Aim. To determine the quantitative content of chlorophylls a and b and the amount of carotenoids in Sansevieria hyacinthoides leaves freshly collected and dried. Materials and methods. The quantitative content was determined by the spectrophotometric method. This method allows determining the amount of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids by the characteristics of the absorption spectra without their prior separation. Results and discussion. The amount of chlorophyll a and b in the dried leaves was almost 7 times higher than in the freshly collected ones (1.82 ± 0.036 mg/g vs. 0.25 ± 0.005 mg/g, and 2.08 ± 0.038 mg/g vs. 0.29 ± 0.006 mg/g, respectively). The quantitative content of the amount of carotenoids differed by 3.6 times (0.05 ± 0.001 mg/g in freshly collected leaves, and 0.18 ± 0.004 mg/g in the dried raw material). Conclusions. The quantitative content of the amount of carotenoids, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in freshly collected and dried leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides has been determined by the spectrophotometric method. The dried plant raw material of Sansevieria leaves has a higher content of biologically active substances: chlorophyll a – 1.82 ± 0.036 mg/g, chlorophyll b – 2.08 ± 0.038 mg/g, and the amount of carotenoids – 0.18 ± 0.004 mg/g.

scholarly journals A study of the low-lying singlet and triplet electronic states of chlorophyll A and B

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihajlo Etinski ◽  
Milena Petkovic ◽  
Miroslav Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetimes ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Vertical Ionization Potentials ◽  
Density Functional Theory Optimization ◽  
Triplet Formation ◽  
Good Agreement

Chlorophylls have been extensively investigated both experimentally and theoretically owing to the fact that they are essential for photosynthesis. We have studied two forms of chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, by means of density functional theory. Optimization of S0, S1 and T1 states was performed with the B3-LYP functional. The computed fluorescence lifetimes show good agreement with the available experimental data. The electronic adiabatic energies of S1 and T1 states are 2.09/2.12 and 1.19/1.29 eV for chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b respectively. We discussed the implications of this results on the triplet formation. Also, the calculated vertical ionization potentials shows good agreement with the experimental results.

Light-Induced Accumulation and Stability of Chlorophylls and Chlorophyll-Proteins during Chloroplast Development in Radish Seedlings

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 421-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Lichtenthaler ◽  
G. Burkard ◽  
G. Kuhn ◽  
U. Prenzel
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
Chlorophyll Accumulation ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Chlorophyll Protein ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Radish Seedlings

Abstract Illumination of 3 day old etiolated radish seedlings with continuous white light results in a progressive accumulation of chlorophyll a and b. Both pigments are bound in a different way to the thylakoid chlorophyll-proteins, which appear parallel to the formation of chlorophylls. By applying the SDS-PAGE method to SDS-digested chloroplasts, it was possible to show that the chloroplasts of radish cotyledons contain the typical chlorophyll proteins LHCP1-3, CPa, CPI and CPIa which have been found in other plants. Between LHCP1 and CPI an additional chlorophyll protein is detected with the spectral properties of a LHCP; it is termed here LHCPy. When the green plants are transferred to continuous darkness, chlorophylls and the chlorophyll-proteins are progressively degraded. At an early stage of greening chlorophyll b is destroyed at a much higher rate in darkness than chlorophyll a, which yields high chlorophyll a/b ratios. This is paralleled by a faster decrease in the level of the corresponding chloro­phyll a/b-protein LHCP3 than of CPI. At a later stage of greening, after the end of the logarithmic chlorophyll accumulation, the chlorophylls a and b and also the LHCP3 and CPI are destroyed in continuous darkness at equal rates; the a/b ratios and the LHCP3/CPI ratios are then little different from the light control. The data indicate that at an early stage of greening the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein LHCP3 is less stable than the other chlorophyll-proteins (CPI, CPIa, CPa), which contain pre­ dominantly chlorophyll a. The ratio chlorophyll a to β-carotene (a/c ratio) of CPIa, CPI and CPa is about 10, while that of the LHCP1-3 is found to be between 150 to 300. We therefore propose using the a/c ratio to define the chlorophyll-proteins which, besides the absorption spectra, is the most suitable parameter.

scholarly journals Analisis Kandungan Klorofil Pada Anak Daun Tanaman Kelapa (Analysis of Chlorophyll Content in Children Leaves of Coconut Plants)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tawary ◽  
Julius Pontoh ◽  
Lydia Momuat
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Analisis Kandungan Klorofil Pada Anak Daun Tanaman Kelapa (Analysis of Chlorophyll Content in Children Leaves of Coconut Plants) Muhammad Tawary1*), Julius Pontoh1), Lydia I.Momuat1)1)Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA UNSRAT Manado*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 7 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kelapa banyak dibudidayakan sebagai tanaman pertanian. Tanaman kelapa memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi karena hampir semua bagian tanaman kelapa memiliki manfaat ekonomis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk  mengembangkan metode analisis klorofil pada daun dan menentukan bagian anak daun yang memiliki kandungan klorofil tertinggi. Analisis kandungan klorofil dilakukan dengan metode ektraksi pelarut yang absorbansinya dibaca pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Kandungan klorofil a dalam daun bervariasi pada setiap bagian anak daun tanaman kelapa. Kandungan klorofil a pada posisi tengah anak daun kelapa (763.19 µmol/m2) dan kandungan klorofil b (196.22 µmol/m2). Kandungan klorofil a dan b pada setiap bagian anak daun dan posisi kanan dan kiri anak daun memiliki nilai yang relatif sama.Kata kunci: Kelapa, klorofil a, klorofil b Abstract Many coconut plants are cultivated as agricultural crops. Coconut plants have high economic value because almost all parts of coconut plants have economic benefits. The study aims to develop a method of chlorophyll analysis on leaves and determine the part of leaflets which have the highest chlorophyll content. Analysis of chlorophyll content was carried out by a solvent extraction method in which the absorbance was read in a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The content of chlorophyll a in leaves varies with each part of the leaves of the coconut plant. Chlorophyll a content in the middle position of coconut leaf child (763.19 µmol / m2) and chlorophyll b content (196.22 µmol / m2). The content of chlorophyll a and b in each part of the leaf child and the right and left positions of the leaves have relatively the same value.Keywords: Coconut, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b

scholarly journals Variations of Chlorophyll Content at Abies alba and Nepeta pannonica Species According to Phenophase and Harvesting Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
S. Buhăianu ◽  
Doina Carmen Jităreanu
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Yellow Coloration ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Abstract Chlorophylls from plants are photosynthetic pigments. Their quantity offers valuable informations about photosynthetic activity, growing and developing of plants. Photosynthetic pigments decrease quantitatively during senescence process or in stress conditions. The present study has been realized in laboratory conditions with material harvested from spontaneous flora. The purpose of this research was the investigation of variations of chlorophyll content from samples of biological material collected from Nepeta pannonica L. and Abies alba Mill. plants, from Câmpulung Moldovenesc and Cacica areas, Suceava county, Romania. The targeted phenophases were growth and flowering. There were realized acetonic extracts from samples for spectrophotometric determinations. Obtained data were processed to estabilish chlorophyll a and b content. There were observed that at Abies alba species, from both locations, the chlorophyll a content grew during flowering phenophase, while the chlorophyll b content had little variations. At Nepeta pannonica species, the chlorophyll a and b content decreased visibly during the flowering, due to stress. Leaves of plants from this species presented a intense green color in the growing phenophase, while during flowering phenophase they had a purple or yellow coloration. Obtained results revealed a different dynamics of chlorophyll content at studied species.

scholarly journals The effect of drought stress and nitrogen fertilization on the active ingredient, chlorophyll A and B, and chlorophyll index of henna

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 694-706
Author(s):  
Hassan Sarhadi ◽  
Jahanfar Daneshian ◽  
Seyyed Alireza Valadabadi ◽  
Hossein Heidary Sharafabad ◽  
Hossein Heidary Sharafabad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Chlorophyll Index

The response of active ingredient, chlorophyll a and b contents, and chlorophyll index of henna to different rates of N fertilization and drought stress was explored in a split-split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications in the research farm of Jiroft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft, Iran in the 2016-2017 growing season. In the current study, the main plot was assigned to drought stress at three levels (including irrigation to supply 100%, 75% or 50% of plant water requirement), the sub-plot was assigned to N fertilization at three rates (50, 100 or 150 kg ha-1 pure N), and the sub-sub-plot was assigned to ecotype at three levels (Bami, Bushehri, and Rudbari). The results showed that the effect of drought level was significant on active ingredient and chlorophyll index at the p < 0.01 level and on chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and chlorophyll a/b ratio at the p < 0.05 level.  But, it could not influence chlorophyll b significantly. The effect of N fertilization was significant on most studied traits at the p< 0.01 level, but its effect was significant on the chlorophyll index at the p < 0.05 level and insignificant on dye and chlorophyll b. According to the results, it seems that the application of 100 kg ha-1 N and the irrigation to supply 75% of plant water requirement can contribute to having more fresh plants with the higher active ingredient and dye contents.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

Triplet-State Electron Spin Resonance of Chlorophyll a and b Molecules and Complexes in PMMA and MTHF. I: Experimental Determination of Fine-Structure and Rate Constants

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hagele ◽  
D. Schmid ◽  
H. C. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Triplet State ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Resonance Field ◽  
Zero Field ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

The triplet state zero-field splittings and the rate constants for the population and depopulation of the triplet spin sublevels have been investigated for chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and methyltetrahydrofurane (MTHF) as a function of the concentration. In PMMA both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b yielded only one ESR spectrum in the entire range of concentration which could be covered (1.5 × 10-5 - 1 × 10-3 mole/1). In MTHF the results were more complicated. At low concentrations (up to 103 mole/1) only one spectrum was observed, at higher concentrations additional spectra were detectable (all together two for chlorophyll a and five for chlorophyll b at 10-1 mole/1). The assignment of these spectra was facilitated by observing the "triplet resonance-field identity" which connects the resonancefield strengths for the canonical orientations of one particular species. Furthermore, the rate constants for some of these species could be determined.

scholarly journals ВМІСТ ФОТОСИНТЕТИЧНИХ ПІГМЕНТІВ У ЛИСТКАХ ГРЕЧКИ ЗА ДІЇ БІОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
V. P. Karpenko ◽  
I. I. Mostoviak ◽  
A. A. Datsenko ◽  
R. M. Prytuliak ◽  
O. I. Zabolotnyi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The article presents the results of a field experiment to study the effects of different rates of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin under different methods of using the plant growth regulator Radostim (seed treatment before sowing and spraying crops) on the content of chlorophyll a and b in buckwheat leaves of Yelena variety, their sum and carotenoids. Determination of chlorophyll a and b, their sum and carotenoids was performed in selected samples of buckwheat leaves in the field conditions, in the phases of stem branching and the beginning of flowering according to the method described by V.F. Gavrylenko and T.V. Zhyhalova using a spectrophotometer. The pigment concentration was calculated from Holm-Wettstein's equations for 100 % acetone. It was found that the content of photosynthetic pigments in buckwheat leaves is conditioned by the weather, rates and methods of application of the studied microbial preparations and phases of plant development. In particular, the analysis of chlorophyll and carotenoid content in the early flowering phase of buckwheat plants showed a significant increase compared to the phase of stem branching, which may be due to increased physiological and biochemical processes in plants, against the background of improving mineral nutrition, growth and plant development. Thus, with the multiple use of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rates of 150, 175 and 200 ml and the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 250 ml / t for seed treatment before sowing, the content of chlorophylls a and b, their sum and carotenoids with increasing application of Diazobacterin increased and the excess relative to control ranged within: 29–31 % for chlorophyll a; 10–11 % for chlorophyll b; 24–26 % for their sum and 23–24 % for carotenoids. At the same time, with a complex application for pre-sowing seed treatment of a mixture of the microbial preparation Diazobacterin in the rate of 200 ml per hectare of seeds with the stimulator of plant growth Radostym in the rate of 250 ml / t followed by spraying on this background crops the stimulator of plant growth Radostim in the rate of 50 ml / ha buckwheat leaves form the highest content of chlorophyll a in comparison with the control (40 %); chlorophyll b (15 %); the sum of chlorophyll a + b (33 %) and carotenoids (29 %). These data indicate the creation of more favorable conditions for physiological and biochemical processes in plants, including photosynthesis, with the direct positive effect of which, functionally active pigment complex of the leaf apparatus of buckwheat is formed.

scholarly journals Perubahan Klorofil, Luas Daun Spesifik, dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Cahaya Ubi Kayu pada Sistem Tumpang Sari dengan Jagung

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
. Suwarto
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Light Use Efficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Light Capture

<p style="text-align: justify;">This study aims to determine changes in chlorophyll content, specific leaf area (SLA), and light use efficiency (LUE) as a mechanism of physiological and morphological adaptation of cassava intercropped with maize. Cassava variety of Adira 1 has been planted in intercropping with maize varieties of Arjuna, Pioner 4, and Cargill 9 (with a population of 32,000; 48,000; 64,000, and 8,0000 plants ha<sup>-1</sup>); cassava is planted between rows of maize with a distance of 1 m x 1 m (with a population of 10 000 plants ha<sup>-1</sup>). As a physiological adaptation mechanism, cassava which is planted intercropping increase light capture for photosynthesis by increasing the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b as well as morphologically with increasing SLA. The average chlorophyll a and b of cassava in intercropping were 2.758 and 1.125 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, whereas in monoculture were 2.032 and 0.750 mg g<sup>-1</sup> or increased respectively 35.73% and 50.00%. SLA of cassava increased from 309.5 cm<sup>2</sup>g<sup>-1</sup> in the monoculture became 406.3 cm<sup>2</sup>g<sup>-1</sup>in intercropping (increased by 31.27%). The LUE of cassava at the beginning of growth during intercropping with maize is lower than the monoculture, but after maize is harvestedthe LUE increased so that the average LUE of cassava is the same during the whole periode of growth that is 0.0025 kg MJ<sup>-1</sup>.</p><p>Keywords: mechanism, physiological, morphological, adaptation</p>

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