scholarly journals The Photocatalytic Activity of Cement in Reducing Air Pollutants

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 1422-1424
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Ideal

Air pollution is the major concern in the recent years because of causing imbalance to the ecosystem and also increases global warming and climate change. This paper, tries to investigate the applicability of photo catalytic cement in removing the pollutants under partially controlled and simpler experimental conditions such that it mimics the ideal state of its use, that is the natural open environment where it always is susceptible to complex physical and chemical interactions. It also gives an overview of the concentrations of the contaminants reduced not limiting to NOx residues alone, by employing Ion Chromatography instead of NOx analyzers.

Mental Models and Risk Perceptions Related to Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Bostrom
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Mental models are the sets of causal beliefs we “run” in our minds to infer what will happen in a given event or situation. Mental models, like other models, are useful simplifications most of the time. They can, however, lead to mistaken or misleading inferences, for example, if the analogies that inform them are misleading in some regard. The coherence and consistency of mental models a person employs to solve a given problem are a function of that person’s expertise. The less familiar and central a problem is, the less coherent and consistent the mental models brought to bear on that problem are likely to be. For problems such as those posed by anthropogenic climate change, most people are likely to recruit multiple mental models to make judgments and decisions. Common types of mental models of climate change and global warming include: (a) a carbon emissions model, in which global warming is a result of burning fossil fuels thereby emitting CO2, and of deforestation, which both releases sequestered CO2 and decreases the possible sinks that might take CO2 out of the atmosphere; (b) a stratospheric ozone depletion mental model, which conflates stratospheric ozone depletion with global warming; (c) an air pollution mental model, in which global warming is viewed as air pollution; and (d) a weather change model, in which weather and climate are conflated. As social discourse around global warming and climate change has increased, mental models of climate change have become more complex, although not always more coherent. One such complexity is the belief that climate changes according to natural cycles and due to factors beyond human control, in addition to changes resulting from human activities such as burning fossil fuels and releasing other greenhouse gases. As our inference engines, mental models play a central role in problem solving and subjective projections and are hence at the heart of risk perceptions and risk decision-making. However, both perceiving and making decisions about climate change and the risks thereof are affective and social processes foremost.

The Climate Change and Air Pollution

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-226
Author(s):  
A. S. Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Harmful Effects

Environmental pollution states the toxification by different forms of pollutants in the surroundings. This causes the natural system imbalance and affects the life on earth in different ways. The emissions of pollutants into air result in climate changes. The rising levels of CO2 and other air-polluting gases increase the greenhouse effect which results in temperature elevations and affects global weather patterns. Bill Gates also warned “Climate change is a terrible problem, and it absolutely needs to be solved; it deserves to be a huge priority”. Though climate change and air pollution are closely linked, these are treated as separate problems. Hence, it is aimed to understand the aspects of association between climate change and air pollution in this chapter with the objectives: (i) To know the basics of climate change and air pollution, (ii) To review the active background studies on climate change as well as on air pollution, (iii) To identify the issues, controversies, problems which include the effects of global warming and greenhouse gases followed by the types of air pollutants and its harmful effects, (iv) To find the solutions and recommendations, the discussions are made on climate laws and policies, (v) To retrieve, analyze and store the climate change related information, the description about models, tools and databases are given, (vi) To have a flawless insights on the association of climate change and air pollution, (vii) To exemplify species indicators for the assessment of the effect of air pollution on climate change are also included. As Bernie Sanders said “Climate change is a planetary crisis. We've got to act, and we have to act boldly”.

THE EVOLUTION OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE COUNTY OF MARAMURE. BETWEEN 2006 AND 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
◽  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
County Level ◽  
Protection Agency

Global warming and climate change represent the most important problems of society. These are manly caused by air pollution and the increase of greenhouse gases. This paper presents a synthetic analysis of the evolution of greenhouse gases in the county of Maramureş over a period of 10 years, between 2006 and 2015, based on the data taken from the Environmental Protection Agency Maramureş, regarding the main greenhouse gases at county level, as well as the emission sources and their effects.

scholarly journals Climate change, air pollution and extreme events leading to increasing prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro D’Amato ◽  
Carlos E. Baena-Cagnani ◽  
Lorenzo Cecchi ◽  
Isabella Annesi-Maesano ◽  
Carlos Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World

The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases has increased dramatically during the past few decades not only in industrialized countries. Urban air pollution from motor vehicles has been indicated as one of the major risk factors responsible for this increase. Although genetic factors are important in the development of asthma and allergic diseases, the rising trend can be explained only in changes occurred in the environment. Despite some differences in the air pollution profile and decreasing trends of some key air pollutants, air quality is an important concern for public health in the cities throughout the world. Due to climate change, air pollution patterns are changing in several urbanized areas of the world, with a significant effect on respiratory health. The observational evidence indicates that recent regional changes in climate, particularly temperature increases, have already affected a diverse set of physical and biological systems in many parts of the world. Associations between thunderstorms and asthma morbidity in pollinosis subjects have been also identified in multiple locations around the world. Allergens patterns are also changing in response to climate change and air pollution can modify the allergenic potential of pollens especially in presence of specific weather conditions. The underlying mechanisms of all these interactions are not well known yet. The consequences on health vary from decreases in lung function to allergic diseases, new onset of diseases, and exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases. Factor clouding the issue is that laboratory evaluations do not reflect what happens during natural exposition, when atmospheric pollution mixtures in polluted cities are inhaled. In addition, it is important to recall that an individual’s response to pollution exposure depends on the source and components of air pollution, as well as meteorological conditions. Indeed, some air pollution-related incidents with asthma aggravation do not depend only on the increased production of air pollution, but rather on atmospheric factors that favour the accumulation of air pollutants at ground level. Considering these aspects governments worldwide and international organizations such as the World Health Organization and the European Union are facing a growing problem of the respiratory effects induced by gaseous and particulate pollutants arising from motor vehicle emissions.

scholarly journals Air pollution: A major threats to sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
S Ravichandran ◽  
Riddima Singh ◽  
R M Madhumitha Sri
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
World Health

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports on six major air pollutants, namely particulate matter, ground level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and lead. Effects of these pollutants are seen in air, soil and water. This air pollutant possesses different impact on the human health, climate changes, green-house effects and global warming. Acid rain, global warming, greenhouse effect and climate changes have an important ecological impact on air pollution. Neurological effects have been observed in adults and children after exposure to air pollutants. Man is causing damage to air, water and soil. Our atmosphere on global scale is highly polluted. In this paper, our interest is mainly to focus on these pollutants, as they are related to more severe problems in human health and environmental impact. 

Can somebody clear the air? How air quality and climate change are connected.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika von Schneidemesser
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Changing Climate ◽  
Quality Policy

Air pollution and climate change are different phenomena, but are connected in a number of ways. The same sources emit both air pollutants and greenhouse gases, many air pollutants affect the Earth’s energy balance and thereby affect climate change, and a changing climate will affect air quality. Policy options to address either air quality or climate change cannot be formulated and applied in isolation, as most will often affect emissions of both greenhouse gases and air pollutants. This article outlines the basics of what air pollutants and greenhouse gases are, how they affect air quality and climate change, and where they come from. The connections between these two environmental phenomena are also addressed.

The Climate Change and Air Pollution

2022 ◽  
pp. 199-217
Author(s):  
A. S. Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Harmful Effects

Environmental pollution states the toxification by different forms of pollutants in the surroundings. This causes the natural system imbalance and affects the life on earth in different ways. The emissions of pollutants into air result in climate changes. The rising levels of CO2 and other air-polluting gases increase the greenhouse effect which results in temperature elevations and affects global weather patterns. Bill Gates also warned “Climate change is a terrible problem, and it absolutely needs to be solved; it deserves to be a huge priority”. Though climate change and air pollution are closely linked, these are treated as separate problems. Hence, it is aimed to understand the aspects of association between climate change and air pollution in this chapter with the objectives: (i) To know the basics of climate change and air pollution, (ii) To review the active background studies on climate change as well as on air pollution, (iii) To identify the issues, controversies, problems which include the effects of global warming and greenhouse gases followed by the types of air pollutants and its harmful effects, (iv) To find the solutions and recommendations, the discussions are made on climate laws and policies, (v) To retrieve, analyze and store the climate change related information, the description about models, tools and databases are given, (vi) To have a flawless insights on the association of climate change and air pollution, (vii) To exemplify species indicators for the assessment of the effect of air pollution on climate change are also included. As Bernie Sanders said “Climate change is a planetary crisis. We've got to act, and we have to act boldly”.

Estimation of the Effects of Air Pollution on Hospitalization Expenditures for Asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyi Zhang ◽  
Li Luo ◽  
Ziyan Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chunyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Database ◽  
The Cost

This article aims to estimate the effects of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2) on the hospitalization expenses of adult patients admitted due to asthma. The data is sourced from the medical health database of a city in Southwest China, which involves approximately 14 million residents. A generalized additive model using a Poisson distribution was utilized to identify the effects of air pollution on the cost of hospitalization due to asthma. Hospital admissions were stratified by sex, age, season, and type of medical insurance to specialize the results. Air pollution significantly affects hospitalization expenses for asthma. These effects were more significant in the male, non-senior subgroups than in the female, senior subgroups. The difference also significantly existed in different insurance type subgroups. Air pollution has adverse effects on hospitalization expenses for asthma. Climate change is now deeply affecting the world in the aspects of economy and health. Based on our research, policymakers can establish more effective air pollution reduction policies and measures that can control the levels of ambient air pollutants, which help save health care resources and improve the welfare of the population by easing the climate change.

In what sense does the public need to understand global climate change?

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Bord ◽  
Robert E. O'Connor ◽  
Ann Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Environmental Beliefs

In a survey of 1,218 Americans, the key determinant of behavioral intentions to address global warming is a correct understanding of the causes of global warming. Knowing what causes climate change, and what does not, is the most powerful predictor of both stated intentions to take voluntary actions and to vote on hypothetical referenda to enact new government policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Identifying bogus causes (e.g., insecticides) correlates with the belief that the globe will warm, but is only weakly related to voluntary actions and not at all related to support for government policies. General pro-environmental beliefs and perceptions that global warming poses serious threats to society also help to explain behavioral intentions. The explanatory power of an air pollution framework is substantial in bivariate analyses, but has little explanatory power in multivariate analyses that include knowledge, risk perceptions, and general environmental beliefs. Translating public concern for global warming into effective action requires real knowledge. General environmental concern or concern for the negative effects of air pollution appear not to motivate people to support programs designed to control global warming.

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