scholarly journals Animals Breeding Efficiency According to the Phenotype of their Offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 1501-1510
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
High Level

The paper aims to identify the best animals with the optimal variant of selection traits in dairy cattle breeding by studying the breeding and genetic parameters (M, m, σ, Cv, r) of the basic dairy and reproductive traits of individuals and genetic groups, which make it possible to comprehensively assess the breeding efficiency of animals according to the phenotype of their offspring. The paper justifies characteristics of the seed bulls fixed for the breeding stock, and proposes basic principles of selection. The range of evaluated traits was expanded – from milk productivity and reproductive qualities to health indicators (longevity, somatic cell content in milk) and estimate of the animal body type (exterior). The correlation coefficient (g) between fat and protein was not standard: when selecting animals with a high content of protein in milk, only in 20% of cases the selected cows have a high level of fat

Productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin under the conditions in LLC “Green lines – Kaluga”

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
N. M. Kostomakhin ◽  
T. N. Pimkina ◽  
O. A. Voronkova ◽  
M. A. Gabedava ◽  
E. G. Cheremukha
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Linear Selection ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Line Breeding ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
Different Origin

Dairy cattle breeding have always occupied and will continue to occupy one of the leading places in the agro-industrial complex in our country. The most eff ective method of improving existing breeds according to opinion of a number of scientists is selection in line breeding. At the same time the evaluation of breeding sires by the quality of offspring is the cornerstone of breeding work. The purpose of the research was to analyze the influence of breeding sires, as well as their linear affiliation on the economically useful characteristics of first-calf heifers under specific conditions of maintenance and use. An analysis of the milk productivity and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers of different origin by sires and different line belonging has been presented in the article. The results of intra-linear selection and crosses of genealogical lines and their influence on the productive and reproductive traits of first-calf heifers have been evaluated. The research was carried out in LLC “Green Lines-Kaluga” of the Kaluga region. It has been established that for fixing in the genotype of the offspring of plentiful milk and fat milk in purebred breeding, it is necessary to use the following sires: Aragon 2102, Tabor 1292, Lira 2047, Phlox 1448, Chudny 1167, Yalik 397, Tabun 1277, as well as intra-linear selection in the line of Montwick Chieftain 9567929 and crosses of lines in combinations: Siling Traijun Rocket 252803 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 – Siling Traijun Rocket 252803. In order to reduce the age of the first insemination of maternal stock we recommend using a combination of lines: Wes Ideal 933122 – Montwick Chieftain 9567929, Wes Ideal 933122 – Reflection Sovereign 198998, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Wes Ideal 933122, Montwick Chieftain 9567929 – Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Siling Trijun Rocket 252803 – Wes Ideal 933122.

Genetic evaluation of Ethiopian Boran cattle and their crosses with Holstein Friesian in central Ethiopia: reproductive traits

2008 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HAILE ◽  
B. K. JOSHI ◽  
W. AYALEW ◽  
A. TEGEGNE ◽  
A. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
The Individual

SUMMARYBreed additive and non-additive effects as well as genetic parameters for calving interval (CI), days open (DO), age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), number of services per first conception (NSC) and breeding efficiency (BE) were estimated in Ethiopian Boran cattle and their crosses with Holstein Friesian in central Ethiopia. The data analysed were spread over 15 years (1990–2004). The Ethiopian Boran cattle had longer CI and DO, lower BE and delayed AFS and AFC compared with all the crosses. However, there was no significant difference in NSC between the genetic groups. Comparison between the crosses revealed no clear cut superiority of any of the genetic groups except for CI and DO which were shorter for 0·50 and 0·875 crosses compared with the 0·75 crosses. The additive breed differences between Ethiopian Boran and Holstein Friesian for CI, DO, NSC and BE were not significant (P>0·05). These estimates are also associated with large standard errors. The non-significance of the otherwise large difference (40 days for CI for instance) between the two breeds could be a result of a large variation (and hence standard errors) associated with the traits. On the other hand, the estimates for additive direct effects for AFS and AFC were negative and significant (P<0·01). The estimates were −7±2·1 and −7±2·8 months, respectively. The individual heterosis values were not significant (P>0·05) for CI, DO, NSC and BE. However, significant (P<0·01) estimates for AFS and AFC (P<0·05) were recorded. None of the maternal heterotic effects for reproduction traits were significant (P>0·05) except for AFC, for which positive (2·9 months) and significant (P<0·05) estimates were obtained. Heritabilities of CI, DO, AFS, AFC, NSC and BE for crosses were 0·1±0·046, 0·1±0·047, 0·6±0·145, 0·7±0·159, 0·1±0·071 and 0·6±0·156, respectively. Selection coupled with improved herd reproductive management should substantially improve the reproductive performance of the indigenous Ethiopian Boran breed under such production system.

TO THE QUESTION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF BREEDING RESOURCES IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
И.Н. ЯНЧУКОВ ◽  
А.Н. ЕРМИЛОВ ◽  
А.А. ЕРМИЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

Для решения поставленных перед молочным скотоводством задач АО «Московское» по племенной работе» на базе своего обособленного подразделения образовало Сслекционно-репродуктивный центр (СРЦ) «Мосплемэлита» с целью воспроизводства племенного материала мирового класса, а также животных редкой генеалогической принадлежности в условиях нашей страны через использование метода трансплантации эмбрионов. Для его эффективного функционирования на аукционах в Европе были закуплены доноры и реципиенты, не вакцинированные против инфекционного ринотрахеита, вирусной диареи и ряда других болезней и имеющие высокие племенные оценки. Доноры осеменялись спермой выдающихся производителей (1—3 рейтинг в стране происхождения) и быков-улучшателей редкой генеалогической принадлежности. Часть доноров (n=17) после накопления от них установленного запаса эмбрионов отелились и закончили 1 лактацию. В среднем за 305 дней их удой составил 12062 кг, при содержании жира 4,35% и белка — 3,49%. Оценка типа телосложения оказалась равной 86,71 балла, что соответствует категории «отлично». Перерасчет молочной продуктивности коров-доноров по методике, принятой в США (за 365 дней полновозрастной лактации), показал, что в среднем продуктивность этих животных достигнет 18766 кг молока с содержанием жира 4,41% и белка 3,52%. Приведенные параметры значительно выше «Генетического базиса» США (12733 кг — 3,84% — 3,10%) и показателей, установленных «Планом селекционно-племенной работы с крупным рогатым скотом АО «Московское» по племенной работе» на период до 2025 года» для коров селекционной группы «матери быков» (за наивысшую лактацию 14000 кг, 4,40%, 3,40% и 85 баллов за тип телосложения). Воспроизведенные в условиях СРЦ «Мосплемэлита» бычки имели характеристики в том числе по геному (оценка ВИЖ им. Л.К. Эрнста) значительно выше (по продуктивности матерей на 15%, оценке отцов на 111% и геномной оценке пробандов на 61%) аналогичных параметров ремонтных животных, закупленных предприятием на аукционах в Европе в 2020 году по цене 20,0 тыс. евро и выше. Полученные результаты позволяют утверждать, что в условиях нашей страны вполне возможно воспроизводство конкурентоспособного племенного материала. To solve the tasks set for dairy cattle breeding, JSC "Moskovskoye" for breeding work"on the basis of its separate subdivision formed the Breeding and Reproductive Center (BRC) "Mosplemelita" in order to reproduce world-class breeding material, as well as animals of rare genealogical affiliation in our country through using the method of embryo transplantation. For its effective functioning, donors and recipients who had not been vaccinated against infectious rhinotracheitis, viral diarrhea and a number of other diseases and had high breeding scores were purchased at auctions in Europe. Donors were inseminated with sperm of outstanding producers (1—3 rating in the country of origin) and improver bulls of rare genealogical affiliation. Some donors (n=17), after accumulating an established stock of embryos from them, calved ansrcd completed 1 lactation. On average, for 305 days, their milk yield was 12062 kg, with a fat content of 4.35% and protein — 3.49%. The body type score was 86.71 points, which corresponds to the "excellent" category. Recalculation of the milk productivity of donor cows according to the method adopted in the USA (for 365 days of full-age lactation) showed that the average productivity of these animals will reach 18766 kg of milk with a fat content of 4.41% and a protein content of 3.52%. The above parameters are significantly higher than the "Genetic basis" of the United States (12,733 kg — 3.84% — 3.10%) and the indicators established by the "Plan for selection and breeding work with cattle of JSC" Moskovskoye "for breeding work" for the period up to 2025 "For cows of the selection group" mother of bulls "(for the highest lactation 14000 kg, 4.40%, 3.40% and 85 points for the body type). The gobies reproduced in the conditions of the Mosplemelita SEC had characteristics in terms of genome (assessment of the L.K. Ernst VIZH) significantly higher (in terms of maternal productivity by 15%, assessment of fathers by 111% and genomic assessment of probands by 61%) similar parameters of repair animals purchased by the company at auctions in Europe in 2020 at a price of 20.0 thousand euros and more. The results obtained make it possible to assert that in the conditions of our country it is quite possible to reproduce competitive breeding material.

Heat synchronization and the effectiveness of insemination of cows of Holstein breed under the conditions of the dairy complex

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
V. V. Lyashenko ◽  
I. V. Kaeshova ◽  
A. V. Gubina
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Moment

The food security of country is largely determined by the development of animal husbandry branches. Dairy cattle breeding is of particular importance, which has been actively developing in recent years due to the modernization of farms and complexes, the introduction of innovative technologies and the formation of a highly productive breeding herd. The most important link in the development of dairy cattle breeding is the reproduction of the herd. Modern technologies make it possible to use hormonal drugs in order to optimize the reproductive traits of animals. The results of clinical and experimental studies have shown the important role of hormones in the regulation of physiological functions, as well as the possibility of their use for directed changes in metabolism, productivity and fertility of animals. The purpose of the research was to assess the influence of methods of synchronization of heat of cows on the pregnancy rate under the conditions of the dairy complex. The research data on the effectiveness of insemination when identifying animals in visually heat and using Heatime neck strips, as well as when using heat synchronization programs such as Presynch and Double Ovsynch have been presented in the article. The research has been carried out under the conditions of a modern dairy complex on a highly productive herd of cows of Holstein breed. Differences in the effectiveness of insemination by using the studied methods were revealed from 49,1 to 72,5 %. The highest conception rate has been observed in first-calf heifers (83,0 %) and cows (62,5 %) inseminated using the Double Ovsynch protocol. The dependence of the level of conception rate on the presence of diseases suffered by cows during the newcalving period and until the moment of insemination has been noted. In sick animals, the conception rate for groups of first-calf heifers and cows was significantly lower than in healthy animals. Thus, according to the Double Ovsynch insemination protocol, the conception rate in healthy animals was 83,7 %, and in those who were ill – 65,2 %. The research results confi rmed the validity of stopping the use of the Presynch protocol and completely transferring the dairy herd of cows to synchronization and insemination using the Double Ovsynch protocol.

The use of linear evaluation of the conformation of the daughters of sires in breeding work

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
M. Petrova ◽  
Yu. Chernigov ◽  
O. Kurchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Different Origins

Breeding work aimed at improving the body type of cattle is of a big importance for improving the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding, since harmoniously built animals are characterized by high milk productivity, long-term economic use and are in significant demand on the market of breeding products. Linear evaluation of the body type of dairy cattle has become very popular and is widely used to assess the appearance of animals in many countries with highly developed cattle breeding (USA, Canada, Netherlands, Germany, etc.). Many researchers use a linear evaluation method for evaluating the body type of cows of different origins obtained both by crossbreeding with improving breeds, and for evaluating sires on the quality of offspring. In the Omsk region scientific research on the use of linear evaluation of the body type of daughters of sires has been carried out in order to further assess their breeding qualities. The purpose of the research was to study the conformation features of first-calf heifers have been obtained from different sires evaluated using the method of linear evaluation of body type. The experimental part of the work has been carried out in breeding farms in the Omsk region: JSC “Razdolnoe” of the Russian-Polyansky district and JSC “Azovskoye” of the Azov district. It has been established that the sire directly determines the conformation features of the daughters, which in turn affects their milk productivity, health and ease of calving.

Reproductive Performance and Repeatability Estimation of Some Traits of Crossbred Cows in Savar Dairy Farm

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
A Akhtar ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MF Rahman ◽  
SS Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Heat Period ◽  
Age At Puberty

The study was conducted on 244 crossbred cows of CCBS Savar, Dhaka to evaluate the effect of different genetic groups on their lifetime performance of various reproductive traits using twenty years data. Data were accumulated from a prescribed data sheet maintained by Central Cattle Breeding Station, Dhaka. Genetic groups for this experiment were (LF), (LJ), (LH x F), (LF x LF) and (LJ x LJ). The studied parameters were age at puberty, service per conception, post-partum heat period, calving interval, total number of calving in lifetime. ANOVA showed that genetic groups had a significant effect on age at puberty, post-partum heat period, total number of calving in lifetime and calving interval (P<0.05). From result it was found that earliest age at puberty were in L x F (749.27±99.01), service per conception, postpartum heat period was lower in L x F (1.60±0.19 and (145.75±94.44 days respectively). Calving interval was lower in L x J (411.18±136.87 days) and almost similar results were obtained for L x F (432.26±96.26 days). Total number of calving in lifetime were observed higher in (LH x F) with mean of 1468.30±198.58 days.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 87-94 2017

scholarly journals Biomass Energy Technologies from Innovative Dairy Farming Systems

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Wacław Romaniuk ◽  
Kamila Mazur ◽  
Kinga Borek ◽  
Andrzej Borusiewicz ◽  
Witold Jan Wardal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
High Level

Modern and innovative dairy cattle breeding technologies are highly dependent on the level of mechanization. This article presents modern solutions for dairy cattle breeding, in particular, for livestock buildings, in which longitudinal development is possible in accordance with the farm’s needs as well as with obtaining additional energy from biogas and post-ferment for granulated organic fertilizer. In the analysed technology for milk production, methane fermentation, biogas yield, and the possibility of fertilizer production in the form of granules are considered. The presented modular cattle breeding technology includes sustainable production, which is economic; environmentally friendly, with preconditions in the facility including animal welfare; and socially acceptable, resulting from a high level of mechanization, which ensures both comfortable working conditions and high milk quality. The presented production line is an integral part of the milk production process with the possibility of organic fertilizer being used in the production of healthy food.

Productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed of different origin

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
O. I. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Krestyaninova ◽  
T. Yu. Khalikova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Nutrition Standards ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Back in Soviet times, the Institute of nutrition of the Academy of medical Sciences of the USSR had recommended in scientifi cally based nutrition standards that milk and dairy products should be in the diet of the population at least 30 % of all nutrients consumed by each person per day. According to scientists and practitioners breeding work in dairy cattle breeding is aimed at improving existing and creating new highly productive breeds, types and lines, herds of animals, as well as their rational use for the production of milk and beef. A comparative assessment of milk productivity and reproductive traits of cows of Holstein breed of diff erent origin along lines during three lactations in the breeding farm “Barybino” – “Koalko-agro” in the Moscow region has been presented in the article. It has been found that the best result in milk yield for the 1st lactation was obtained from cows of Wes Back Ideal 10134115 line – 7897 kg, with fat content of 4,20 % and protein content of 3,20 % in milk . The milk yield of cows of other lines of Refl ection Sovereign 198998, Montwick Chieftain 95679 and Pabst Governor 882933 was 7787, 7607, 7879 kg of milk, respectively. In general, in all lines there is a pattern of increasing milk yield before the second lactation and some of its decrease by the third lactation. According to the length of the open days period after the fi rst and third calving, it has been found that the cows of line Montwick Chieftain 95679 had the longest open days period equal to 149 and 179 days.

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