scholarly journals Stabilizing Property of Expansive Soil with Different Sand Layers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 1261-1266
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Layered Soils ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Improvement Method ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Problematic Soil

Sweeping Soil improves by better root development, water development, and furthermore by blending bits of the dirt profile, to give progressively uniform surface. As a ground improvement method to improve the quality of dangerous soils and this examination is done to comprehend the settlement conduct of layered soils. The dirt which is gathered was seen as risky in nature, which is all the more expanding in nature. The examples of soil are gathered from in and around Chennai. The sand utilized in this investigation is taken from close by site and is utilized to improve the hazardous soil by shaping a layer of required thickness. The primer tests are directed on the dirt examples to decide their properties according to IS models. After the fundamental test, the plate load tests are performed on the dirt with square plate (10 mm x 10mm) so as to know the bearing limit of soil. The heap tests are performed on sand and mud layers with fluctuating thickness of 5cm, 10 cm and 15 cm of sand over mud soil. From the plate load test the heap settlement conduct of soil layers are examined. It very well may be reason that on the off chance that various layers of sands are given over Problematic soil, at that point It gets enough Load bearing obstruction which can be further gets actualized during Highways developments. The outcomes says that of 15 cm layer of sand shows most extreme burden bearing limit and indicated better burden – settlement diagrams also.

scholarly journals Stabilization on Expansive Soil with Different Sand Layers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 1249-1254
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Settlement Behaviour ◽  
Problematic Soil

Problematic Soil improves by better root growth, water movement, and also by mixing portions of the soil profile, to provide more uniform texture. As a ground improvement technique to improve the strength of problematic soils and this study is carried out to understand the settlement behaviour of layered soils. The soil which is collected was found to be problematic in nature, which is more swelling in nature. The samples of soil are collected the from Mudichur road, Tambaram. The sand used in this study is taken from nearby site and is used to improve the problematic soil by forming a layer of required thickness. The preliminary tests are conducted on the soil samples to determine their properties as per IS standards. After the preliminary test, the plate load tests are performed on the soil with square plate (10 mm x 10mm) in order to know the bearing capacity of soil. The load tests are performed on sand and clay layers with varying thickness of 5cm, 10 cm and 15 cm of sand over clay soil. From the plate load test the load- settlement behaviour of soil layers are studied. It can be conclude that if different layers of sands are provided over Problematic soil then It gets enough Load bearing resistance which can be further gets implemented during Highways constructions. The results says that of 15 cm layer of sand shows maximum load bearing capacity & shown better load – settlement graphs as well.

Subgrade reaction and load-settlement characteristics of gravelly cobble deposits by plate-load tests

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Sien Lin ◽  
Li-Wen Yang ◽  
C Hsein Juang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Subgrade Reaction ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Modulus Of Subgrade Reaction ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Undisturbed Samples ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Mat Foundations

This paper presents the result of plate-load tests conducted on a gravelly cobble deposit in Taichung Basin, Taiwan. The geologic formation of the gravelly cobble deposit makes it very difficult to obtain large undisturbed samples for laboratory testing. These field tests provide an opportunity to examine the applicability of existing theories on bearing capacity and subgrade reaction in this geologic formation. The modulus of subgrade reaction is of particular importance in the local practice of designing high-rise buildings on mat foundations. The results of the plate-load tests on this soil deposit are analyzed and discussed.Key words: plate-load test, gravelly cobble deposit, modulus of subgrade reaction, bearing capacity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC DEFORMATION MODULUS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Mikolainis ◽  
Marijus Ustinovičius ◽  
Danutė Sližytė ◽  
Tatyana Zhilkina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Dynamic Deformation ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Result Interpretation

This article summarises dynamic deformation modulus correlation with second reload of static plate load test results for an even thickness soil strata layer. An analysis of execution and result interpretation of both static deformation modulus and dynamic deformation modulus is provided also. Different correlations between the two modulus according to different authors are provided. Since dynamic plate load test is not regulated in Lithuania as a soil compaction contron method, a few dynamic plate load tests and static plate load tests were executed in order to compare compaction results. The additional experiments for dynamic plate load tests in different depths were executed which showed that deformation modulus is dependant on depth of test execution, thus it is worthwile to mention to be cautious on compaction results in trenches.

Axial monotonic and cyclic compression behaviour of hollow-bar micropiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama F. El Hadi Drbe ◽  
M. Hesham El Naggar
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Type B ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Drilling Bit ◽  
Bar Diameter

Micropiles are used in various applications, including low-capacity micropile networks, underpinning, and seismic retrofitting of existing foundations and high-capacity foundations for new structures. Hollow-bar micropiles have an added advantage, as they provide fast installation with a high degree of ground improvement. The current Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) design guidelines designate hollow-bar micropiles as type B, even though the FHWA construction technique is different than the technique used for typical type B, which results in an overly conservative design. In addition, the current practice for construction of hollow-bar micropiles is limited to a drilling bit / hollow-bar diameter ratio of 2.5 or less. In this paper, full-scale load tests were conducted to evaluate the suitability of FHWA design guidelines to hollow-bar micropiles installed in cohesive soil and to evaluate the performance of hollow-bar micropiles constructed with a drilling bit / hollow-bar diameter ratio of 3. Eight micropiles were constructed using 76 mm (3 in.) hollow bars (76 mm outside diameter and 48 mm inside diameter) with the air–water flushing technique and advanced to a depth of 5.75 m: six micropiles were installed using a 228 mm (9 in.) drill bit and two micropiles were installed using a 178 mm (7 in.) drill bit. All micropiles were instrumented with vibrating wire strain gauges to measure the axial strain at three stations along the micropile shaft. The load tests included four axial monotonic and four cyclic axial loading tests. The results are presented and discussed in terms of load–displacement curves and load transfer mechanism. The load test results showed that the grout–ground bond strength values proposed by the FHWA (in 2005) for type B micropiles grossly underestimate the bond strength for calculating the ultimate capacity. In addition, the toe resistance can be significant for micropiles resting on sand due to the increased toe diameter. No tangent stiffness degradation was observed in the micropile capacity after applying 15 load cycles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Discharging Surplus Soils for Relative Stirred Deep Mixing Methods by MPS-CAE Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Koki Nakao ◽  
Shinya Inazumi ◽  
Toshiaki Takaue ◽  
Shigeaki Tanaka ◽  
Takayuki Shinoi
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Normal Type ◽  
Deep Mixing ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Improvement Method ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Cae Analysis ◽  
Great Damage

Most of the ground in Japan is soft, leading to great damage in the event of liquefaction. Various ground-improvement measures are being taken to suppress such damage. However, it is difficult to carry out ground-improvement work while checking the internal conditions of the ground during the construction. Therefore, a visible and measurable evaluation of the performance of the ground-improvement work was conducted in this study. The authors performed a simulation analysis of the relative stirred deep mixing method (RS-DMM), a kind of ground-improvement method, using a computer-aided engineering (CAE) analysis based on particle-based methods (PBMs). In the RS-DMM, the “displacement reduction type (DRT)” suppresses displacement during construction. Both the DRT and the normal type (NT) were simulated, and a visible and measurable evaluation was performed on the internal conditions during each construction, the quality of the improved body, and the displacement reduction performance. As an example of these results, it was possible to visually evaluate the discharge of surplus soil by the spiral rod attached to the stirring wing of the DRT. In addition, the authors succeeded in quantitatively showing that more surplus soil was discharged when the stirring wing of the DRT was used than when the stirring wing of the NT was used.

scholarly journals Ground improvement using an expandable polyurethane resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Mohanad Sabri ◽  
Aleksandr Bugrov ◽  
Stanislav Panov ◽  
Viacheslav Davidenko
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Polyurethane Resin ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Dynamic Cone Penetration

The paper describes an experiment conducted to study the effect of injection an expandablepolyurethane resin on the stabilization, settlement reduction and increasing the bearing capacity of the foundation’s soil. The experiment was carried out in sandy soil, and different types of soil investigations were carried out to investigate the effect of the resin on the soil properties beneath a concrete foundation. Results of Plate load test PLT and dynamic cone penetration test DCPT before and after the injection of the expandable resin are demonstrated and discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Modulus of Deformation Determined by Static and Dynamic Plate Load Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Sirko Lehmann ◽  
Steffen Leppla ◽  
Arnoldas Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Modulus Of Deformation ◽  
Load Tests

Soil, or soil structure modulus of deformation, is one of the main design parameters for road engineering and traffic infrastructure design of, for example, highways, railways, runways and embankments. It is also the main soil improvement criterion. When creating any road structure with codified design resistance, one employs structural layers of certain thicknesses and modulus of deformation. Both values need to satisfy the minimum values in accordance with codified requirements. This paper analyzes correlations for the widely applied in engineering practice methods to determine the soil stiffness. The static test methods acknowledged to be exact enough for determining the modulus of deformation for the primary and secondary loadings. As dynamic test methods require significantly less time and financial resources, they are widely accepted in engineering practice. The dynamic methods determine only the dynamic modulus of deformation. Design practice aims to relate it with the static modulus of deformation of the secondary loading. Many countries propose codified correlations, with differing levels of conservatism, to convert the dynamic modulus of deformation into the static one. Developed correlations between the results of the static plate load test and the dynamic plate load tests processed from own test results of different soils are presented and a comparative analysis with other proposed correlations is given.

In-Situ Evaluation of Pipeline Bedding and Padding Spring Constants

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert G. Tart ◽  
John M. O. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Structural Response ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Pipeline Inspection ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Spring Constants

Structural response analyses of pipelines using computer models, such as AutoPIPE, incorporate soil “springs” to model the restraint provided by pipeline bedding and padding. These “springs” are referred to as spring constants and are most frequently determined from a limited number of sources in the literature. In some cases representative soil properties are used with theoretical and empirical formulae such as those presented by Nyman (1984). This technique which is referred to herein as the ASCE technique has been used by Alyeska Pipeline Service Company (Alyeska) engineers in their calculations of structural response of the buried pipeline along the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) (Hart et al, 1998). This paper describes a field study at a pipeline inspection dig in which spring constants were determined directly from a series of field tests to develop a better understanding of the pipeline restraint the bedding and padding is providing for the pipe. Four other papers which cover other aspects of the work performed at this site are also a part of this conference (Hart et al, 1998, Norton et al, 1998, Stevick et al, 1998, Tonkins et al, 1998). The field work included the drilling of multiple boreholes in which drive samples were taken at about 1 to 2 meter (3 to 5 foot) intervals. In each borehole, pressuremeter tests were also conducted at the same intervals as the drive samples. At two levels in the open pipe trench plate, load tests were conducted. Both nuclear and sand cone density tests were made at several levels in the pipe trench. Results of these tests were correlated to each other. Stress strain relationships were developed from the pressuremeter test and plate load test data which were used independently to develop spring constants. Spring constants were found to vary with the strain level in the soils and were correlated to the drive sample blow count data. Recommended methods for estimating spring constants are presented.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Quality of Repeated Plate Load Tests Using the Harmony Search Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kook-Hwan Cho ◽  
Sungho Mun
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Function ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Harmony Search ◽  
Harmony Search Algorithm ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Minimization Technique ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Load Tests

We report a characteristic function to determine whether repetitive static plate load test (RSPLT) moduli are within an acceptable quality range, based on a comparison between the initial loading values and reloading moduli. The results of RSPLTs depend on the experience and expertise of the engineer carrying out the test, as well as the loading device, hydraulic jack assembly, and bearing plates. To identify outlier data points, well-tested data were used to develop a characteristic function model using a harmony search algorithm error minimization technique. This measure was applied to determine the reliability of RSPLT data.

scholarly journals Visual evaluation of relative deep mixing method type of ground-improvement method

2021 ◽  
pp. 100233
Author(s):  
Koki Nakao ◽  
Shinya Inazumi ◽  
Toshiaki Takaue ◽  
Shigeaki Tanaka ◽  
Takayuki Shinoi
Keyword(s):  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Deep Mixing ◽  
Improvement Method ◽  
Mixing Method
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