Optimization of Four Stroke c.i. Engine Performance by using Statistical Techniques (Mathematical Method)

The concern for a clean environment, high oil prices and strict emission standards in research was the driving force behind the internal combustion engine. Popular direct injection engine nutrition with its compact size, low fuel consumption and low emission level. Here is the mathematically using the various statistical methods.

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Influence of dispersant added nanoparticle additives with diesel-biodiesel blend on direct injection compression ignition engine: Combustion, engine performance, and exhaust emissions approach

Energy ◽

10.1016/j.energy.2021.120197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 224 ◽

pp. 120197 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Jaikumar ◽

V. Srinivas ◽

M. Rajasekhar

Keyword(s):

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Exhaust Emissions ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Engine Combustion ◽

Biodiesel Blend ◽

Nanoparticle Additives

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INFLUENCE ON PISTON ENGINE PERFORMANCE BY THE BIOCOMPONENTS AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF NANO MATERIALS

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.02 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-23

Author(s):

А.М. Levterov ◽

А.А. Levterov

Keyword(s):

Alternative Fuels ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Cetane Number ◽

Motor Fuel ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Complete Combustion ◽

New Energy ◽

Leading Position ◽

Comparative Results

The obviousness of the finiteness of the planet's energy resources makes us constantly concern ourselves with the search for new energy sources and their rational use. The main energy converter is the internal combustion engine and contrary to forecasts, continues to occupy a leading position. Therefore, the issues of improving its working processes, reducing the consumption of mineral fuel, the possibility of using all kinds of alternative fuels and improving the quality of motor fuel continue to be considered throughout the energy world. On the agenda is the dissemination of advances in nanotechnology to the propulsion industry. Improvement of engine performance when using fuel dispersed with nanomaterials of various types is beyond doubt and is used both for pure petroleum and biodiesel and for their mixtures. In the article, against the background of the analysis of studies on the use of alternative biofuels and the introduction of the practice of introducing nanoparticles into petroleum fuel and biofuels as a potential energy carrier to improve the characteristics of toxicity and engine performance, the results of studies of a number of biofuels have been presented. Presented are the results of a study of the performance of a 1Ch 8.5 / 11 diesel engine carried out in the laboratory of IPMash NAS of Ukraine when operating on diesel fuel dispersed with carbon spheroidal nanoadditives of various concentrations, and some comparative results of studies of the indicators of diesel engines with direct injection 2Ch 10.5 / 12 and 4ChN 7.9 / 7.5 ALH, operating on standard and mixed fuels with biocomponents synthesized from rapeseed, sunflower, mustard and corn oils. The thermophysical properties of the fuel (heat of combustion, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, density, kinematic viscosity, convective heat transfer, ignition temperature, cetane number, etc.) undergo significant changes when nanoparticles are introduced into it. The optimal amount of metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, carbon tubes, graphene in mineral, biodiesel or mixed fuel promotes more complete combustion, significantly improves engine performance, and reduces harmful emissions.

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DETERMINE SIMULATION MODEL OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DIRECT INJECTION COMPRESSION COMBUSTION ENGINE

THE IRAQI JOURNAL FOR MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING ◽

10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i3.513 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 208-224

Author(s):

Haydar M. Razoqe ◽

Mahmoud A. Mashkour

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Model ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Control Unit ◽

Loop Control ◽

Electric Control ◽

Start Of Injection ◽

Electronic Control System ◽

Compression Ignition Combustion

The aim of this research is to determine a simulation of an electric control unit (ECU) for direct injection compression ignition combustion engine, in order to improve an engine performance and reduced fuel consumption. The simulation comprises thermodynamic model for determining engine parameters according to Spray Penetration Mixing Length, and imposes in Matlab and Simulink. This model allows closed loop control interferences with Arduino MEGA-2560 to manage amount of injected fuel and start of injection that, could be lead to obtain the optimum thermodynamic energy. The results of thermodynamic model show that, the engine parameters can be related linearly, and matching the other published researches on the same conditions and specifications. The results of (ECU) show synchronization between desired and output signals and appear more accuracy when compared with other methods.

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Study of Combustion Anomalies of H2-ICE With External Mixture Formation

ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference (ICES2006) ◽

10.1115/ices2006-1398 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephen A. Ciatti ◽

Thomas Wallner ◽

Henry Ng ◽

William F. Stockhausen ◽

Brad Boyer

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Large Scale ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Hydrogen Combustion ◽

Mixture Formation

Although hydrogen is considered one of the most promising future energy carriers, there are several challenges to achieving a “hydrogen economy,” including finding a practical, efficient, cost-effective end-use device. Using hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines is seen as a bridging technology toward a large-scale hydrogen infrastructure. To facilitate high-efficiency, high-power-density use of hydrogen with near-zero emissions in an internal combustion engine, detailed analysis of the hydrogen combustion process is necessary. This paper presents thermodynamic results regarding engine performance and emissions behavior during investigations performed on a single-cylinder research engine fueled by pressurized gaseous hydrogen. Avoiding combustion anomalies is one of the necessary steps to further improve the hydrogen engine power output at high-load operation while, at the same time, reducing fuel consumption and emissions during part-load operation. The overall target of the investigations is an improved combustion concept especially designed for hydrogen-engine-powered vehicles. Future activities include performing optical imaging of hydrogen combustion by using an endoscope. We will also investigate supercharged external mixture formation, as well as hydrogen direct-injection operation.

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Combined Effect Of Inlet Manifold Swirl And Piston Head Configuration In A Constant Speed Four Stoke Diesel Engine

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.k2537.0981119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 3406-3409

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engine ◽

New Technologies ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Piston Head ◽

Performance And Emissions ◽

Efficient Combustion

The internal combustion engine manifold has a subsystem that supplies the fresh A/F mixture to the engine cylinders where the fuel is combusted. For efficient combustion of charge, the walls of the intake manifold must be smooth / polished to minimize any side resistance. To redesign the inlet port of a small internal combustion engine, to increase the production of turbulence by a swirl. A good swirl promotes more rapid combustion and improves efficiency. The CI engine has a piston shaped flat on the crown and a concave combustion chamber, with this geometry we are driving the engine. But here the A/F ratio mixture cannot mix properly. To avoid this we make piston geometry changes. The main objective of this project is that three new technologies have been adopted here. The first stage is varying the diameter of the convergence - the divergent nozzle. The second stage is the change on the piston head and the last stage is replacing the inlet and exhaust valve with pitch 0.5. Mm to 2 mm and the cut thread depth is 4 mm and three threads per inch. All of these techniques aim to investigate performance techniques to increase air flow to achieve improved engine performance and emissions in direct injection (DI) single cylinder diesel engines. Compared with traditional engine.

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GDI flex fuel engine: Influence of different fuels on the performance

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1177/1468087420970357 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 146808742097035

Author(s):

Guilherme Bastos Machado ◽

Tadeu C. Cordeiro de Melo ◽

Katia Moniz da Silva

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Gasoline Direct Injection ◽

Low Carbon ◽

High Efficient ◽

Flex Fuel ◽

Hydrous Ethanol ◽

And Control

The internal combustion engine has been the main source of automotive propulsion for more than 100 years, but nowadays is facing challenges to significantly increase efficiency and reduce pollutants in the path to a low carbon mobility world. In this scenario, several developments have been implemented in the last years and new researches are being developed aiming high efficient and low emission vehicles. More stringent specifications for the fossil fuels and their blends with biofuels can play an important role to reduce carbon footprint of these new engines. In Brazil, since the 1970’s ethanol is widely used for spark ignited engines, either pure or blended in the gasoline (Brazilian gasoline). Brazilian flex fuel vehicles, which can run on hydrous ethanol, Brazilian gasoline or any mixture of these fuels, were released in 2000’s and represent nowadays over 90% of national light duty vehicles production. More recently, gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology was released at Brazilian flex fuel engines. Regarding fuel market, imported gasoline increased its share in recent years and although the compliance with the Brazilian specification, some properties may have significant differences compared to the ones of the average gasoline produced in Brazil. Results of performance, fuel consumption and combustion parameters of a GDI flex fuel engine running on hydrous ethanol and two different gasolines, one imported and other produced in Brazil, are shown in this paper. It is commented that flexibility to use gasoline and ethanol should be accompanied with more sophisticated engine hardware and control software to better explore the potential of the different fuels, and that different types of gasolines can affect many engine performance parameters, although this can be minimized adopting more tight fuels specifications. It is concluded that flex fuel engine designs and calibrations could be improved to obtain optimized performance with different fuels.

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Free Stream Behavior of Hydrogen Released from a Fluidic Oscillating Nozzle

Fluids ◽

10.3390/fluids6070245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Anja Fink ◽

Oliver Nett ◽

Simon Schmidt ◽

Oliver Krüger ◽

Thomas Ebert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Stream ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Combustion Process ◽

Vertical Direction ◽

Spray Angle ◽

Transport Sector ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Injection Process ◽

Bottom Dead Center

The H2 internal combustion engine (ICE) is a key technology for complete decarbonization of the transport sector. To match or exceed the power density of conventional combustion engines, H2 direct injection (DI) is essential. Therefore, new injector concepts that meet the requirements of a H2 operation have to be developed. The macroscopic free stream behavior of H2 released from an innovative fluidic oscillating nozzle is investigated and compared with that of a conventional multi-hole nozzle. This work consists of H2 flow measurements and injection tests in a constant volume chamber using the Schlieren method and is accompanied by a LES simulation. The results show that an oscillating H2 free stream has a higher penetration velocity than the individual jets of a multi-hole nozzle. This behavior can be used to inject H2 far into the combustion chamber in the vertical direction while the piston is still near bottom dead center. As soon as the oscillation of the H2 free stream starts, the spray angle increases and therefore H2 is also distributed in the horizontal direction. In this phase of the injection process, spray angles comparable to those of a multi-hole nozzle are achieved. This behavior has a positive effect on H2 homogenization, which is desirable for the combustion process.

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Characteristics of Water-in-Diesel Emulsions in a Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine

Volume 6A: Energy ◽

10.1115/imece2014-38746 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Teja Gonguntla ◽

Robert Raine ◽

Leigh Ramsey ◽

Thomas Houlihan

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Specific Fuel Consumption ◽

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽

Compression Ignition Engine ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Performance And Emission

The objective of this project was to develop both engine performance and emission profiles for two test fuels — a 6% water-in-diesel oil emulsion (DOE-6) fuel and a neat diesel (D100) fuel. The testing was performed on a single cylinder, direct-injection, water-cooled diesel engine coupled to an eddy current dynamometer. Output parameters of the engine were used to calculate Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and Engine Efficiency (η) for each test fuel. DOE-6 fuels generated a 24% reduction in NOX and a 42% reduction in Carbon Monoxide emissions over the tested operating conditions. DOE-6 fuels presented higher ignition delays — between 1°-4°, yielded 1%–12% lower peak cylinder pressures and produced up to 5.5% lower exhaust temperatures. Brake Specific Fuel consumption increased by 6.6% for the DOE-6 fuels as compared to the D100 fuels. This project is the first research done by a New Zealand academic institution on water-in-diesel emulsion fuels.

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