scholarly journals Retinal Image Enhancement Based on Contrast, Luminosity Adjustment and MSC

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 2572-2574
Keyword(s):  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Sparse Coding ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Basic Quality

Retinal images have been widely used by ophthalmologists for detecting the retinal diseases before-hand and diagnosing them suitably. Old age macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma are some examples of these diseases. However, poor quality of the image due to inadvertent circumstances limits the ability of the ophthalmologists to study the image. This paper hereby proposes an algorithm that is used to obtain clearer images by performing contrast and luminosity adjustment that enhances the basic quality of the clicked image. Following this, Multi-dictionary Sparse Coding (MSC) is carried out on the image to obtain the retinal vessel structures and miniscule details. Amount of Image enhancement is calculated by measuring the improvement after each stage of operation on the image. The image's quality is found to be much better compared to the other methods and thus can be suggested to the ophthalmologists for conducting the further medical studies conveniently.

scholarly journals Media Literasi: Upaya Bijak Menyikapi Terpaan Tayangan Televisi

Humaniora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Wira Respati
Keyword(s):  
Media Literacy ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Content Selection ◽  
The Media ◽  
Television Media ◽  
Passive Object ◽  
Business Orientation

The television media have transformed into industry. Tight competition among TV stations demands the media people to provide programs based on the market taste. Therefore, mostly TV stations design and produce their programs based on share and rating numbers, instead of quality. On the other side, TV stations have important roles in constructing social and cultural development. Currently, TV programs are merely produced based on the business orientation so that the quality of the TV programs is often ignored. Audience must be wise and smart to protect themselves from poor-quality TV programs exposure. This can be achieved by improving their Media Literacy. In the end, Audience is no longer treated as passive object, but actively takes control on the content selection. 

scholarly journals Efficient Segmentation and Registration of Retinal Image Using Gumble Probability Distribution and BRISK Feature

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-864
Author(s):  
Nagendra Pratap Singh ◽  
Vibhav Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Image ◽  
Matched Filter ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Feature Descriptor ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Vessel Structure ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Image Pairs

The registration of segmented retinal images is mainly used for the diagnosis of various diseases such as glaucoma, diabetes, and hypertension, etc. These retinal diseases depend on the retinal vessel structure. The fast and accurate registration of segmented retinal images helps to identify the changes in vessels and the diagnosis of the diseases. This paper presents a novel binary robust invariant scalable key point (BRISK) feature-based segmented retinal image registration approach. The BRISK framework is an efficient keypoint detection, description, and matching approach. The proposed approach contains three steps, namely, pre-processing, segmentation using matched filter based Gumbel pdf, and BRISK framework for registration of segmented source and target retinal images. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by evaluating the normalized cross-correlation of image pairs. Based on the experimental analysis, it has been observed that the performance of the proposed approach is better in both aspect, registration performance as well as computation time with respect to SURF and Harris partial intensity invariant feature descriptor based registration.

Sewability of Sheep Nappa Garment Leather

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Phebe Kavati ◽  
Chandrasekaran Bangaru ◽  
Asit Baran Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Sewing Thread ◽  
Essential Parameter ◽  
Basic Quality ◽  
Selection Of

Quality is an important aspect of the apparel manufacturing process. Although the basic quality of apparels mainly depends on the fabric properties, the type of thread used and selection of seams play an important role in determining the final quality of the apparel. Seam strength testing is basically an examination of the amount of pressure required to tear the seam of a garment. It is an essential parameter that determines the performance of a garment. For the perfect fit and look of a garment, seam strength has to be proper. It is therefore worthwhile to select the correct sewing thread size for good seam quality. The present work reports on an experimental investigation about the effect of different threads on the characteristics of leather. The other parameters, which are investigated, include seam strength, puckering and slippage.

scholarly journals Quality Changes of Light Flesh Tuna at Water of Tomini Bay, Gorontalo Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Wila Rumina Nento ◽  
Tati - Nurhayati ◽  
Ruddy - Suwandi
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Safe Limits

Tuna is one of the mainstay fisheries commodities that involve many of the ordinary fishermen. The handling usually still not follows the principles of good handling that causing the poor quality as the result.The aims of this research were to analyze and to determine the quality of tuna meat (the abdominal wall, dorsal fin, and caudal fin). Raw material yellowfin tuna meat prepared for the light, the meat section of the abdominal wall, dorsal fin, and caudal fin. The result of organoleptic analysis showed that the tuna meat was above the minimum value for the criteria of fresh fish. The result of TVB analysis showed that the meat on the caudal fin had the highest value and significantly different with the other, but still exist on the safe limits and on the fresh category. For the result of analysis in histamine, it shown that at the fourth hour the meat at the dorsal fin had the histamine content which were above the minimum that have been recommended. For the result of analysis in peroxide number, it shown that the tuna meat did not sustain the fat damage until the fourth hour after the catching process. And for the result of analysis in TPC, it showed that at the fourth hour the tuna meat on the pectoral fin had the highest number of total colony and significantly different with the other.<br />Keywords: handling, histamine, light flesh, microbiology, yellowfin

scholarly journals Comparisons of Effective Fields of Two Ultra-Widefield Ophthalmoscopes, Optos 200Tx and Clarus 500

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yoshitsugu Matsui ◽  
Atsushi Ichio ◽  
Asako Sugawara ◽  
Eriko Uchiyama ◽  
Hitomi Suimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Imaging ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Depth Of Focus ◽  
Temporal Quadrant

Purpose. To compare the effective fields of the Optos 200Tx® and Clarus 500™, two ultra-widefield ophthalmoscopes, based on their ability to image branches of retinal vessel in the four retinal quadrants. Methods. Ninety retinal images from 90 patients with various eye diseases were studied. All patients had undergone 200° retinal imaging to obtain a single image of Optos (O) and the montage of two images of the Clarus (C). The highest number of traceable vessel branches in the four retinal quadrants was determined by two masked raters. An image was classified as “O > C” when the number of identifiable branch was greater in the Optos than the Clarus, as “O = C” when the number was equal and as “O < C” when the number was fewer in the Optos than the Clarus. Results. The appearance probability of “O > C” was significantly higher at the upper temporal quadrant than “O < C” (p<0.01 for both raters). In contrast, the appearance probability of “O < C” was significantly higher at the lower nasal quadrant than “O > C” (p<0.01 for both raters). There were no significant differences in the appearance probability between “O > C” and “O < C” at the other two retinal quadrants (p>0.50 for both raters). Conclusions. These results demonstrate that the effective field of views was different between the two devices at different retina quadrants. Further studies are needed to clarify possible factors such as artifacts by the eyelashes, differences in the depth of focus, motion of the device, and different locations of the images on the effective field of views.

Does Mixotrophy in ciliates compensate for poor-quality prey? Experiments with heterotrophic–mixotrophic species pairs

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-593
Author(s):  
Stephen A Wickham ◽  
Romana Wimmer
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
Alternate Source ◽  
Small Advantage ◽  
Mixotrophic Ciliates

Abstract Fatty acid and sterol profiles play a large role in determining the food quality of prey in aquatic food webs. Ciliates have limited ability to synthesize essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and sterols, and must obtain these from their food. Many mixotrophic ciliates, however, are in a symbiosis with Chlorella, and this may compensate for prey that is low in PUFA and sterols. Moreover, when PUFA-rich prey are P-limited, mixotrophs may be less dependent than heterotrophs on having the optimal mixture of PUFA-rich and P-rich prey. To test these hypotheses, experiments were conducted using heterotrophic-mixotrophic species pairs and prey mixes with varying proportions of good and poor quality prey. Prey proportions had clear effects on ciliate growth rates, often with a clear threshold. In only one species, however, did mixotrophy appeared to be advantageous, with growth independent of the proportion of PUFA-rich prey. In the other two species pairs, mixotrophy gave at best a small advantage over heterotrophy when there was a large proportion of PUFA-poor prey, independent of whether the PUFA-rich prey was P-limited or P-replete. While PUFA- and sterol-rich prey are important for heterotrophic ciliates, mixotrophy cannot be universally employed as an alternate source of these required nutrients.

The Relative Nitrogen Utilization Method for Evaluating Protein Quality

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Murray McLaughlan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Quality ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Utilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Test Protein ◽  
Reference Protein ◽  
Net Protein

Abstract A single-dose rat assay for protein quality called relative nitrogen utilization (RNU) is described. The method includes a factor for the protein utilized for maintenance. The protein quality of the test protein is expressed as a per cent of the value for Iactalbumin, the reference protein. For good quality proteins RNU gives results that are similar to those obtained by net protein ratio and relative protein value; for poor quality proteins RNU results fall between values by the other 2 methods. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) gives much lower values for poor quality proteins than any of the other 3 aforementioned methods and is influenced more by both level of protein and lipid in the diet. RNU is a more precise assay than PER as judged by the coefficient of variation.

scholarly journals Image enhancement with contrast coefficients using wavelet based image fusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Pardhasaradhi ◽  
B T PMadhav ◽  
G Lakshmi Sindhuja ◽  
K Sai Sreeram ◽  
M Parvathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Image Fusion ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Information Loss ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Different Temperatures

The future is mainly focused on image brightness and the capacity that required storing the image. The sharp images provide better information than the blur images. To overcome from the blurriness in the image, we use image enhancement techniques. Image fusion used to overcome information loss in the image. This paper is provided with image enhancement and fusion by applying wavelet transform technique. Wavelet transform is mainly used because due to its inherent property that is they are redundant and shift invariant. It transforms the image into different scales. Image enhancement will be decided based on the levels of transformation. Low contrast results from poor resolution, lack of dynamic range, wrong settings of sensor lens during acquisition and poor quality of cameras and sensors. To avoid the information loss there is an interesting solution that is for the pictures of the same image but focused on different regions. Then using image fusion concept, all images which are captured are combined to get a single image which contains the properties of both the source images. The image entropy is composed to determine the quality of the image. The paper shows the image fusion method for both multi-resolution and images captured at different temperatures.

Associations between Depressive Disorders and Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özkan Varan ◽  
Hakan Babaoğlu ◽  
Berna Göker
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Rheumatologic Diseases

Depressive disorders, are not only common but also among the leading causes of disability worldwide. They are associated with increased incidences of various other diseases. It has been shown that in patients with autoimmune diseases, when depression coexists, the quality of life is worse and medical treatment and management is compromised. Depression-like symptoms, such as fatigue and disinterest are also common in inflammatory rheumatic diseases and often associated with poor quality of life. Medical therapy targeting inflammation results in alleviation of these symptoms in many patients. Interestingly, there is cumulating evidence suggesting potential roles of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of major depression. Effects of some of the biological agents used in rheumatic diseases have been studied on depressive disorders. Results have been controversial and further studies are needed in this area. These findings suggest associations between depression and inflammatory rheumatic diseases and raise the possibility that treatment of one of them might influence the outcome of the other. We have reviewed the current literature on associations between depression and inflammatory rheumatologic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis.

scholarly journals Poor quality Vβ recombination signal sequences stochastically enforce TCRβ allelic exclusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glendon S. Wu ◽  
Katherine S. Yang-Iott ◽  
Morgann A. Klink ◽  
Katharina E. Hayer ◽  
Kyutae D. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monoallelic Expression ◽  
Allelic Exclusion ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Recombination Signal Sequences ◽  
Cardinal Feature

The monoallelic expression of antigen receptor (AgR) genes, called allelic exclusion, is fundamental for highly specific immune responses to pathogens. This cardinal feature of adaptive immunity is achieved by the assembly of a functional AgR gene on one allele, with subsequent feedback inhibition of V(D)J recombination on the other allele. A range of epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in sequential recombination of AgR alleles; however, we now demonstrate that a genetic mechanism controls this process for Tcrb. Replacement of V(D)J recombinase targets at two different mouse Vβ gene segments with a higher quality target elevates Vβ rearrangement frequency before feedback inhibition, dramatically increasing the frequency of T cells with TCRβ chains derived from both Tcrb alleles. Thus, TCRβ allelic exclusion is enforced genetically by the low quality of Vβ recombinase targets that stochastically restrict the production of two functional rearrangements before feedback inhibition silences one allele.

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