scholarly journals Comparative Study: Implementing Numbered Heads Together and Team Games Tournament to Enhance Students' Knowledge on Passive and Active Voice Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-93
Author(s):  
Katty Elizabeth Malta Teedja
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Passive Construction ◽  
Team Games ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Initial Score ◽  
Initial Knowledge

 This study intends to find out what is the initial knowledge of the students before they were treated using Numbered Heads Together (NHT) and Team Games Tournament (TGT), ascertain of the significant difference between these two teaching strategies, and to know the responses of the students after they taught using Numbered Heads Together and Team Games Tournament are the aims of this research. This is a quantitative study with comparative design to know the students' knowledge of active and passive construction test. The research instrument of this study is pre-and-posttest. This study was conducted among seventh-grade students at SMPN 10 Cimahi. The results of this study showed that the initial score for both respondents is quite similar to the score for NHT group is 59.07 and for TGT group is 58.33. It is also known that there is a significant difference in students' knowledge on active and passive voice construction between students who are taught with Numbered Heads Together and those who are taught with Team Games Tournament showed by the result of the mean differences from both groups are 0.005 < 0.05. The questionnaire's result also supports that both teaching strategies are eligible to be applied in teaching active and passive voice construction with the score for NHT class is 64.83% and for the TGT class is 63.34%, it can be categorized as "Good". It implies that the implementation of Numbered Heads Together and Team Games Tournament enhances student's knowledge of active and passive  

scholarly journals A Comparative Study Between Frayer Model And Concept Mapping Strategy to Enhance Students’ Vocabulary Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-66
Author(s):  
Nelson Balisar Panjaitan ◽  
Hana Monica Sihotang
Keyword(s):  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Initial Score

Abstract This study intends to find out what is the initial knowledge of the students before they were treated using Frayer Model and Concept Mapping Strategy, ascertain of the significant difference between these two teaching strategies, and to know the responses of the students after they were taught using Frayer Model and Concept Mapping Strategy are the aims of this research. This is a quantitative study with comparative design to know the students’ vocabulary acquisition test. The research instrument of this study is pre-and-post-test. This study was conducted among eleventh grader students at SMAN 1 Parongpong. The results of this study showed that the initial score for both respondents are quite similar with the score for FM group which is 30.50 and for CMS group which is 33.40. It is also known that there is a significant difference in students’ vocabulary acquisition between students who are taught with Frayer Model and those who are taught with Concept Mapping Strategy showed by the result of the mean differences from both groups are 0.000 < 0.05. The questionnaire’s result also supports that both teaching strategies are eligible to be applied in teaching active and passive voice construction with the score for FM class which is 55% and for the CMS class which is 80%, it can be categorized as “Good”. It implies that the implementation of Frayer Model and Concept Mapping Strategy enhances student’s vocabulary acquisition.   Keywords: Language Proficiency, Vocabulary Acquisition, Frayer Model, Concept Mapping Strategy

Abstract 17292: Does Morbid Obesity Worsens Outcomes in COVID-19?

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohaib Roomi ◽  
Waqas Ullah ◽  
Nayab Nadeem ◽  
Rehan Saeed ◽  
Donald Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Introduction: Given the high prevalence of obesity around the globe, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at an increased risk of devastating complications. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that morbid obesity is independently associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, upgrade to intensive care unit, invasive mechanical ventilation(IVM), and acute renal failure necessitating dialysis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the association of basal metabolic index (BMI) with the above-mentioned outcomes. Independent t-test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to calculate mean differences and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. Results: A total of 176 patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included. The mean age was 62.2 years, with 51% of male patients. The mean BMI for non-surviving patients was significantly higher compared to patients surviving on the 7th day of hospitalization (35 vs. 30 kg/m2, p=0.022) and patients with a higher BMI had higher in-hospital mortality (21% vs. 9%, OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-8.2, p=0.01) compared to patients with a normal BMI. Similarly, patients requiring IMV had a higher BMI (33 vs. 29, p=0.002) compared to non-intubated patients. aOR of patients needing IMV (56% vs. 28%, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.6-7.0, p=0.002) and upgrade to ICU (46% vs. 28%, OR 2.2, 1.07-4.6, p=0.04) were significantly higher compared to patients with a lower BMI. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the need for dialysis (5% vs. 13%, OR 3.8, 13% vs. 4%, 1.1-14.1, p=0.07). Adjusted odds ratios controlled for baseline comorbidities and medications mirrored the overall results, except for the need to upgrade to ICU. Conclusions: In patients with confirmed COVID-19, morbid obesity serves as an independent risk factor of high in-hospital mortality and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation.

scholarly journals Influence of Varieties and Seasons upon the Mineral Nutrient Levels, of Coffee Leaves from Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Leaf Composition

Twenty-six young coffee trees grown under shade in an acid upland soil of 2 farms were selected representing 3 varieties and 2 yield-groups. The yield data were recorded for the crop harvested in the fall of 1962 from 15 highyielding and 11 low-yielding trees. Young leaves from each tree were sampled in the late summer of 1961 and in the late winter of 1962. The following 10 essential plant nutrients were determined: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, B, Zn, and Cu; as well as 2 nonessential elements, Na and Al. The yield and leaf-composition data were analyzed statistically. The high-yielding trees produced 2.6 times as much coffee as the lowyielding ones, a highly significant difference. There was no significant difference between the mean yields of the varieties. "Highly significant" or "significant" mean differences were obtained in all the essential nutrients except zinc, in the coffee leaves, between varieties; in the nutrients: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B, between seasons; and only in Ca and Mg between yield-groups. The acid soil, Alonso clay, is high in exchangeable manganese and in aluminum; the coffee trees used here also contained high Mn and Al in their leaves.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Challenges of E-Assessment of Calculus Courses in Higher Education: A Case Study in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-281
Author(s):  
Fatima M Azmi ◽  
Heba Bakr Khoshaim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Private University ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exam Scores ◽  
Mean Differences

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of our lives, including education. Due to this unexpected catastrophe, education has shifted to virtual-learning and auto-grading models in most parts of the world. This study explores the validity and appropriateness of auto-grading-assessment for online exams by comparing students’ online exam scores where they are first auto-graded and then manually graded. Furthermore, it investigates whether the mean differences in their scores are statistically significant. The study included two calculus courses taught by the authors, during the spring semester 2019-2020 at a private university in Saudi Arabia. The online exam was performed on the WebAssign platform, which has built-in calculus questions. The sample consisted of fifty-five students who were registered on those calculus courses. The quantitative data was analysed using the SPSS statistical tool. A paired t-test at an alpha level of 0.05 was performed on differences in mean exam scores between auto-graded and manually-graded scores. The statistical analysis results revealed a statistically significant difference in students' mean scores. Our findings illustrate the importance of human intelligence, its role in assessing students' achievements and understanding of mathematical concepts, and the extent to which instructors can currently rely on auto-grading. A careful manual investigation of auto-graded exams revealed different types of mistakes committed by students. Those mistakes were characterized into two categories: non-mathematical mistakes (related to Platform Design) and minor mathematical mistakes, which might deserve partial credit. The study indicated a need to reform the auto-grading system and provided some suggestions to overcome its setbacks.

scholarly journals Sleep Tracking of a Commercially Available Smart Ring and Smartwatch Against Medical-Grade Actigraphy in Everyday Settings: Instrument Validation Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Asgari Mehrabadi ◽  
Iman Azimi ◽  
Fatemeh Sarhaddi ◽  
Anna Axelin ◽  
Hannakaisa Niela-Vilén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Sleep Monitoring ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

BACKGROUND Assessment of sleep quality is essential to address poor sleep quality and understand changes. Owing to the advances in the Internet of Things and wearable technologies, sleep monitoring under free-living conditions has become feasible and practicable. Smart rings and smartwatches can be employed to perform mid- or long-term home-based sleep monitoring. However, the validity of such wearables should be investigated in terms of sleep parameters. Sleep validation studies are mostly limited to short-term laboratory tests; there is a need for a study to assess the sleep attributes of wearables in everyday settings, where users engage in their daily routines. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the sleep parameters of the Oura ring along with the Samsung Gear Sport watch in comparison with a medically approved actigraphy device in a midterm everyday setting, where users engage in their daily routines. METHODS We conducted home-based sleep monitoring in which the sleep parameters of 45 healthy individuals (23 women and 22 men) were tracked for 7 days. Total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), and wake after sleep onset (WASO) of the ring and watch were assessed using paired <i>t</i> tests, Bland-Altman plots, and Pearson correlation. The parameters were also investigated considering the gender of the participants as a dependent variable. RESULTS We found significant correlations between the ring’s and actigraphy’s TST (<i>r</i>=0.86; <i>P</i>&lt;.001<i>)</i>, WASO (<i>r</i>=0.41; <i>P</i>&lt;.001), and SE (<i>r</i>=0.47; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). Comparing the watch with actigraphy showed a significant correlation in TST (<i>r</i>=0.59; <i>P</i>&lt;.001). The mean differences in TST, WASO, and SE of the ring and actigraphy were within satisfactory ranges, although there were significant differences between the parameters (<i>P</i>&lt;.001); TST and SE mean differences were also within satisfactory ranges for the watch, and the WASO was slightly higher than the range (31.27, SD 35.15). However, the mean differences of the parameters between the watch and actigraphy were considerably higher than those of the ring. The watch also showed a significant difference in TST (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) between female and male groups. CONCLUSIONS In a sample population of healthy adults, the sleep parameters of both the Oura ring and Samsung watch have acceptable mean differences and indicate significant correlations with actigraphy, but the ring outperforms the watch in terms of the nonstaging sleep parameters.

scholarly journals Frontal plane knee alignment among normal northern Nigerian adults: A radiographic study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Suleiman Gwani ◽  
Eduitem Sunday Otong ◽  
Sani Abubakar Bello ◽  
Hamza Mustapha Ahmed ◽  
Dlama Zira Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Knee Alignment ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Right

Studies have shown that knee alignment parameters differ among races. However, to our knowledge, radiographic frontal plane knee alignment has not been studied in normal northern Nigerian adults. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the frontal plane knee alignment in normal northern Nigerian adults. This study recruited a total of 59 consented subjects (44 males, 15 females). The entire subjects are without any history of lower extremity deformity. Anteroposterior radiographs of both knees with the patella positioned straight ahead were obtained from each participant while standing in a relaxed bipedal stance and placing equal weight on each limb. Alignment was assessed by measuring the tibiofemoral angle (TFA), distal femoral angle (DFA) and proximal tibial angle (PTA). The angles were measured with the aid of a universal plastic goniometre and a plastic ruler. Descriptive statistics of the alignment parameters, independent and paired t-test were computed. In the male population, the mean (standard deviation) obtained were 179.06 (3.87)o for the TFA, 85.94 (3.03 o for the DFA and 89.27 (3.26)o for the PTA. In the female population, the values were 179.53 (3.38)o for the TFA, 86.40 (2.97)o for the DFA and 89.27 (2.15)o for the PTA. No significant mean difference was observed between genders in all the parameters. The TFA does not show any significant difference between the right and left angle regardless of gender. However, significant mean differences were observed in the DFA and PTA of males and combined population. No significant difference was observed in the DFA and PTA of females. Accordingly, northern Nigerian adults may have varus knee alignment compared to other races. Thus, this pre-existing varus alignment should be taken into consideration during clinical examination, preoperative planning and postoperative evaluations of knee deformities in this population.

scholarly journals A Double-blind Cross-over Study evaluating the Efficacy of a Light-activated Toothbrush

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Gerry Uswak ◽  
Jinhwa Lee ◽  
Jennife Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Panel ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plaque Biofilm

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a new, light-activated toothbrush, (Soladey-J3X) incorporated with a TiO2 semiconductor and a solar panel (test) with a similar toothbrush but without the active semiconductor and solar panel (control). Materials and methods Forty-nine adults aged 19 to 34 years completed a double-blind, cross-over study with each participant using the test and control brush for a period of 3 weeks each. The mean differences between baseline plaque and gingivitis scores and, after the subjects used, the test and control brushes were analyzed by the paired t-test. Results The test and control brush demonstrated a reduction in overall plaque scores, but the difference between the two brushes was not statistically significant. The Soladey-J3X, however, showed a statistically significant difference in the overall mean reduction in gingivitis and on the buccal and interproximal surfaces compared to the control. Conclusion Both the test and the control toothbrushes induced a reduction in plaque scores after 3 weeks of use but the differences between the two type of brushes were not statistically significant. However, the test brush was more efficacious than the control in reducing overall gingival index scores and on the buccal and interproximal surfaces. Additional in vivo and longer term clinical trials are, however, warranted to fully investigate the mechanism and efficacy of TiO2 semiconductor toothbrushes on plaque biofilm and gingival inflammation. How to cite this article Uswak G, Hoover J, Lee J, Li J, Karunanayake C. A Double-blind Cross-over Study evaluating the Efficacy of a Light-activated Toothbrush. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2012;1(2):57-60.

scholarly journals In-vitro efficacy of two spectrophotometer-based shade matching systems for color matching of ceramics after artificial accelerated aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawaz Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Color Reading ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Color Matching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shade Matching ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

  Objective: The objective of the present invitro study was to verify the efficacy of two spectrophotometer-based shade matching systems for color matching of ceramics after artificial accelerated aging (AAA). Material and Methods: : The ceramics used were porcelain laminated veneers. Seventy standard-shaped discs (thickness x diameter: 0.5 mm x 10 mm) of B1 shades were used. Based upon the type of resin cement used, the specimens were divided into seven groups (10/group). The following light-cured cements were used: RelyX-Veneer (L-RV), Variolink-Veneer (L-VV), and VariolinkEsthetic (L-VE). The dual-cured cements were: RelyX Ultimate (D-RU), RelyX-Unicem (D-RC), and Variolink-Esthetics DC (D-VE). The control group consisted of ceramic only. All specimens were thermocycled in water for 3,500 cycles between 5 o C -55 o C, with dwell times of 30 s in each bath and a transfer time of 10 s between baths. All specimens were thermocycled in water for 3,500 cycles between 5 o C and 55 o C, and color measurement was done using the VITA Easyshade and ColorEye spectrophotometers. Baseline color reading was performed 24-hours after cementation. Differences in color (DE) of EasyShade and ColorEye before and after AAA were determined and compared statistically. Group comparisons were done using the paired t-tests. Level of significance was set at P< 0.05. Results: The mean differences in color (DE) values obtained from EasyShade spectrophotometer for light- and dual-cured cements, were  0.843±0.89 (Lc1), 4.11±0.69 (Lc2) and 0.833±0.47 (Lc3); and 2.22±0.64 (Dc1), 3.37±0.83 (Dc2) and 0.38±0.92 (Dc3), respectively. The mean differences in color (DE) values obtained from ColorEye spectrophotometer for light- and dual-cured cements, were 0.68±0.86 (Lc1), 4.55±0.83 (Lc2) and 2.68±0.26 (Lc3); and 2.06±0.84 (Dc1), 1.8±1.08 (Dc2) and 0.96±0.71 (Dc3), respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean DE values among the groups. Conclusion: The VITA Easyshade and ColorEye shade matching systems are comparable in terms of their efficacy for color matching of cerammics after AAA.   Keywords Artificial accelerated aging; Color matching; In vitro; Porcelain veneer; Spectrophotometer.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Metode Latihan Interval Intensif dan Interval Ekstensif terhadap Peningkatan VO2 Max

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suhdy
Keyword(s):  
Interval Training ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Better Than

The objective of the study was to demonstrate the effect of intensive and extensive interval training methods on the improvement of VO2Max. This type of research is a quasi experiment using Randomized Pretest-Posttest Design Group research design. The research method used Intensive Interval Training and extensive Interval Training. The results of this study obtained the correlation of both test groups of 0.491 with significance of 0.150, paired sample test, obtained by the mean differences of 3.530. Thit = 3.187 greater than ttab 2.262, with df = 9, P = 0.011. This proves a significant difference in the second group VO2Max intensive interval training test. Next paired sample test, obtained the mean differences of 6.410. Thit = 5.702 greater than ttab 2.262, with df = 9, P = 0.000. This proves that there is a significant difference in the VO2Max of both groups of tests of extensive training methods and paired sample test, obtained by mean differences of 8,640. Thit = 10.640 greater than ttab 2.262, with df = 9, P = 0.000. This proves a significant difference in both groups of VO2Max intensive and extensive exercise test methods. Where extensive interval training methods are better than intensive training methods Keywords: Intensive, Extensive, Extensive, Vo2max Intenval Exercise Method  

scholarly journals A Comparative Study between Presentation, Practice, Productive (PPP) and Artworks Techniques toward the Enhancement of Students’ Descriptive Writing Skills

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Fransisca Masta Silalahi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normalized Gain ◽  
Descriptive Writing ◽  
High Criterion

The aim of this study is to find out whether there is any significant difference in enhancing students’ descriptive writing skills between students who acquires Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) and students who acquires Artworks Technique. This is a quantitative study, utilizing comparative design in order to compare different treatments toward students’ enhancement in descriptive writing skills. The researcher compares the result through pre-test and post-test. After analyzing the data, the researcher found out after being treated using two techniques: PPP and Artworks, students’ skills in descriptive writing is achieved. However, the normalized gain score falls in Low criterion. Aside from that, based on the data analysis there is significant difference between two techniques: PPP and Artworks in enhancing students’ descriptive writing skills. In addition to that, the students give positive response after being treated. From the response questionnaire, the mean score falls in High criterion. The scope and delimitations of this study evolve around components of two techniques: PPP and Artworks to provide insights toward enhancing students’ ability in writing descriptive text.   Keywords Presentation Practice Production (PPP), Artworks, Descriptive Writing Skills  

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