scholarly journals YURI BREGEL – RESEARCHER OF KHOREZM TURKIC SOURCES

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Research Skill ◽  
The Third ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Historian ◽  
Literary Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article studies the analysis done by American scholar Y.Bregel (1925-2016) of the poet, historian, translator and statesmen Munis and Ognahiy’s “Firdavs ul-Iqbal”. “Firdavs ul- Iqbal” is a unique encyclopedic work that reflects the history, culture, ethnography, literary environment and social processes of Khorezm in historical and artistic form. A comprehensive study of “Firdavs ul- Iqbal” interests not only local scientists but also foreign scholars, as a result, there is known and unknown studies appeared in scientific sphere. The study of the problem by foreign scholars has not been sufficiently researched. This scientific need served as the basis for covering one of the urgent problems of philology. Yuri Bregel was an American historian, orientalist, and author of several monographs on the history, culture and literature of Central Asia. In particular, the scientist studied the work “Firdavs ul-Iqbal” seriously, and dedicated to the history of the Khiva khans, and created a scientific critical text. He also translated the work into English and played an important role in acquainting foreign readers and scholars with the essence of the work “Firdavs ul-Iqbal” by Oghahiy and Munis. The preface by J. Bregel about the source consists of four parts. The first part is devoted to the works of Munis and Oghahi, the second part covers the properties of “Firdavs ul-Iqbal”, the third to the study of the work and the fourth part reveals the characteristics of handwritten copies of the source.The author of the article revealed the scientist’s research skill as much as possible based on Y.Bregel’s scientifically rich English preface.

Ancient Hinduism as a Missionary Religion

Numen ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Tenth Century ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe paper is conceptually divided into four parts. In the first part the widely held view that ancient Hinduism was not a missionary religion is presented. (The term ancient is employed to characterize the period in the history of Hinduism extending from fifth century B.C.E. to the tenth century. The term 'missionary religion' is used to designate a religion which places its followers under an obligation to missionize.) In the second part the conception of conversion in the context of ancient Hinduism is clarified and it is explained how this conception differs from the notion of conversion as found in Christianity. In the third part the view that ancient Hinduism was not a missionary religion is challenged by presenting textual evidence that ancient Hinduism was in fact a missionary religion, inasmuch as it placed a well-defined segment of its members under an obligation to undertake missionary activity. Such historical material as serves to confirm the textual evidence is then presented in the fourth part.

scholarly journals “Letter of a Sicilian to one of his Friends” in Translation by Antiochus Cantemir (1726): History of the Text and Features of its Language

Slovene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-253
Author(s):  
Dmitry Rudnev ◽  
Heng Fu
Keyword(s):  
French Text ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Final Version ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
Building Models ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
History Of ◽  
French Original ◽  
The One

The article presents a many-sided analysis of a pamphlet by Giovanni Marana translated by Antiochus Kantemir into Russian in 1726. In the first part of the article, we describe various editions of Marana’s pamphlet and establish the one that became the source for Kantemir’s translation. This source is found out to be the publication of the pamphlet in one of the “Élite des bons mots” collections. Next, the correspondence between the text of the translation and the French text is analyzed, the deviations and errors in the Kantemir’s text are revealed and their explanation is given. It is concluded that the surviving manuscript of the translation was made from an earlier one and was not the final version of the text. The manuscript of the translation was published in 1868 as a part of the collected works by Antiochus Kantemir and was subjected to a considerable revision. The second part of the article is devoted to comparing the text of the manuscript and the published text, describing spelling and punctuation corrections, as well as mistakes made during the publication of the manuscript. The contradictions in introduced spelling corrections are noted. In the third part of the article, the technique of translation, ways of transferring lexical and syntactic units to Russian are analyzed. Kantemir uses a large number of borrowed words to describe the everyday life in Paris and France, however, mainly Slavic word-building models are used for translating the behavioral sphere vocabulary. The fourth part of the article describes the stylistic key of translation. While making the language of translation closer to the language of the French original, the translator left Russian as a basis, which he slavicised in two ways: first, with a small number of “background slavonicisms”, evenly distributed throughout the text; secondly, with “slavonicisms-inclusions”, creating points of stylistic tension. It is concluded that the degree of slavicisation of the text is not great.

Халхын Түмэнхэн хөндлөн цөөхүр ноёны асуудалд (= Об изучении биографии халхаского Тумэнхэн Сайн-нойон-хана)

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Chultemsuren P. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Political History ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Active Part ◽  
The Political ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Historic Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of

The article reveals the Khalkha history of the XVI–XVII centuries, describes the events where one of the prominent state and religious leaders Tumenkhen Sain-noyon (1558–1640) took an active part. It is noted that this was a historic period related to the third wave of the spread of Buddhism among Mongols. This also was the time of significant changes in the political history, economics and religious life of the countries and nations of Central Asia. During this period Tumenkhen Sain-noyon with his elder brother Avatai made great efforts to spread the teaching of Geluk, organize the building of Buddhist temples and translate sacred books.

Revival of the Silk Roads in Asia

2017 ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Pradumna B. Rana ◽  
Wai-Mun Chia
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
East Asia ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
The Third ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Rich History

This chapter focuses on infrastructure connectivity issues that are required for providing efficient service links between production blocs. It argues that after enjoying a rich history of about 1,600 years, the Silk Roads (land connectivity) went into disrepair. Now, for various reasons, land connectivity is once again making a comeback in Asia. First, is the growing importance of supply chain trade or parts and component trade which require efficient service links. The second is the ‘Go West’ policy and the ‘One Belt, One Road’ policy in China. The third is the opening of Myanmar, the node between SA and EA. This chapter also reviews bilateral, regional, and Asia-wide efforts to revive land connectivity including the ASEAN–India Connectivity projects and the recently initiated Bangladesh–China–India–Myanmar Economic Corridor. The chapter then proposes several new Trans-Himalayan Economic Corridors for seamless Pan-Asian connectivity between South Asia, Central Asia, and East Asia.

Between Metaphysical and Liberal Pluralism: A Reappraisal of Rabbi A. I. Kook's Espousal of Toleration

AJS Review ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Ross
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
Liberal Pluralism ◽  
The Third ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Systems

Much has been said and written about the unique position regarding toleration that was adopted by Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook. Its uniqueness within Jewish tradition is not open to doubt. The question I would like to explore here is the extent to which his version of toleration is compatible with the toleration that has become part of the modern secular outlook. In order to accomplish this task, I begin by setting up a typology of two basic varieties of toleration, relating one to the skepticism of the relativist who espouses liberal pluralism, and the other to religious systems with absolutist claims for truth. In the second part of the article, a sketch of the history of toleration in Judaism, this typology is confirmed. The third part of the article is a review of R. Kook′s notion of toleration, which seems at first to conform to the type of toleration generally associated with liberalism, but, when translated into practical policy, displays some significant aberrations. The fourth part suggests that these aberrations are not evidence of inconsistencies or anomalies, but rather an indication of the fact that no attitude of toleration, even that of the most liberal pluralist, can completely evade the necessity for intolerance at some point; and that different views regarding the point where toleration should be limited reflect different epistemological positions, each of which is associated with a different societal ideal which serves as the criterion for limiting toleration.

scholarly journals COLD PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF PROCESSES IN CONDITIONS OF BORDER FORMATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Vasyl Muzychuk
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Stress Tensor ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cold Plastic Deformation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Invariant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Margin Of Safety ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article considers the process of forming the inner slot profile on a pipe billet by the method of cold plastic deformation, by compressing them with a matrix on a profile slotted mandrel (by the method of "covering" drawing). A comprehensive study of the mechanics of shaping products to assess their quality and study the possibility of improving the process itself. In the case of three-dimensional molding, the surface of plasticity depends on the history of deformation, which is determined by the change in the stress state with increasing accumulated intensity of deformation. The surface of plasticity in this case is not fixed and can be constructed using the criterion of deformability, which provides the position of the point of the fracture surface, taking into account the history of deformation. The planes of deformation and boundary surfaces of plasticity are constructed, which showed a sufficient margin of plasticity for the process of forming the inner splined profile. It is substantiated that when constructing the load trajectory in the space of dimensionless indicators and its type is unambiguously determined by the conditions of formation characteristic of the studied process and practically does not depend on the mechanical properties of the deformed metal. The areas of deformation closest to the failure are determined by indicators that take into account the influence of the first and third invariants of the stress tensor (lateral region and area of depressions of the profile relative to the process of forming the internal splined profile), in which the used plasticity reaches values = 0,34 ... 0,4. From the point of view of providing a margin of safety, such calculations must be performed taking into account the indicator that takes into account the influence of the third invariant of the stress tensor.

scholarly journals On Literary Environment of the 1920s: The Circle of Hermes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-372
Author(s):  
A. B. Ustinov
Keyword(s):  
Chief Editor ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literary Environment

The essay reconstructs history of a literary circle of authors united under the auspices of Hermes, a typewritten magazine edited in Moscow in the first half of the 1920s. These “poets- philologists” published three full issues of the magazine, 12 copies each. The fourth issue was prepared in just one copy and the authors considered it “unpublished.” Later they edited two typewritten almanacs: Mnemosyne and Hyperborean. The first part of the essay describes how the fourth and last issue of Hermes was collected and edited. Its preparation was accompanied by dramatic encumbrances caused by both external and internal circumstances, the most tragic of which was the death of Maksim Kenigsberg (1900–1924) one of the founders of the Hermes circle. Nina Wolkenau (1901‒1973?), who took his place as a chief editor was forced to cease the publication. The second part of the essay discusses the composition of authors represented in the fourth issue of Hermes, in particular those who joined the magazine from other Moscow literary associations, like Kifara and Green Lamp. Further, the table of contents of that “unpublished” issue is presented here with necessary commentary. A separate supplement is dedicated to a collection of poems by the authors of Hermes, either dedicated to members of this association, or directly related to the magazine itself. The third part of the essay, Addenda ad volumen, complements previous scholarly incursions regarding the circle of Hermes with the unpublished materials from the final issue of the magazine. These are Nina Wolkenau’s review of Mikhail Kuzmin’s book Novyi Gul’ (Leningrad, 1924), and Maksim Kenigsberg’s discussion of Pavel Muratov’s collection of novellas Moralí (Berlin, 1923), where he also wrote about Kuzmin’s art of prose. Another publication is Lev Gornung’s review of the posthumous collection of Nikolai Gumiliov’s poems K Sinei Zvezde (Berlin, 1923) Gornung published another version of that review in a printed “almanac of poetry and criticism” Even and Odd (Moscow, 1925) edited by the same circle of authors, as Hermes. The final supplement includes two other reviews of the Gumiliov’s collection. The émigré publication of K Sinei Zvezde was a significant event in the Soviet underground culture. The poems included in this book became a “lovers’ code” for young Russian readers of the 1920s.

scholarly journals Membaca Sejarah, Menimba Hikmah: Upaya Berteologi secara Kontekstual dengan Belajar dari Sejarah Gereja Katolik di Toraja

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60
Author(s):  
Christanto Sema Rappan Paledung
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Contextual Theology ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fourth Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thesis Statement ◽  
The Catholic Church

This paper discusses the history of the Catholic Church in Toraja. This historical research aims to discuss the contextual theology in Toraja by drawing inspiration from the history of the acceptance of the Catholic Church in Toraja. The thesis statement of the paper is a historical study of the process of acceptance of the Catholic Church in Toraja showing a theological process that emphasizes fairness towards oppressed groups in society and generous dialogue towards Toraja culture. This paper consists of four parts. The first part discusses the history of the presence of the Catholic Church, which started from Makassar to Toraja. The second part explains the beginning of his acceptance in a house underneath. The third part is the subsequent acceptance of its relationship with Toraja culture. The fourth part is a conversation about the relations of the Dutch Zending in Toraja and the Catholic missionaries in Toraja. AbstrakMakalah ini membahas sejarah Gereja Katolik di Toraja. Penelurusan sejarah ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan teologi kontekstual di Toraja dengan menimba inspirasi dari sejarah keberterimaan Gereja Katolik di Toraja. Dengan demikian, pernyataan tesis saya di dalam makalah ini adalah studi sejarah terhadap proses keberterimaan Gereja Katolik di Toraja menunjukkan proses berteologi yang menegaskan keberpihakan terhadap kelompok masyarakat yang tertindas dan dialog yang murah hati terhadap kearifan lokal Toraja. Makalah ini terdiri dari empat bagian. Bagian pertama membahas sejarah kehadiran Gereja Katolik yang bermula dari Makassar hingga ke Toraja. Bagian kedua membeberkan awal keberterimaannya di sebuah kolong rumah. Bagian ketiga adalah keberterimaan selanjutnya dalam relasinya dengan budaya Toraja. Bagian keempat adalah percakapan tentang relasi kelompok Zending Belanda di Toraja dan para misionari Katolik di Toraja. Kata-kata kunci: keberterimaan, sejarah Gereja Katolik, teologi kontekstual, hikmah historis

The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Griffel
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Philosophy ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This is a comprehensive study of the far-reaching changes that led to a reshaping of the philosophical discourse in Islam during the sixth/twelfth century. Whereas earlier Western scholars thought that Islam’s engagement with the tradition of Greek philosophy ended during that century, more recent analyses suggest its integration into the genre of rationalist Muslim theology (kalam). This book proposes a third view about the fate of philosophy in Islam. It argues that in addition to this integration, Muslim theologians picked up the discourse of philosophy in Islam (falsafa) and began to produce books on philosophy. Written by the same authors, books in these two genres, kalam and philosophy (hikma), argue for opposing teachings on the nature of God, the world’s creation, and the afterlife. This study explains the emergence of a new genre of philosophical books called hikma that stand opposed to Islamic theology and at the same time wish to complement it. Offering a detailed history of philosophy in Iraq, Iran, and Central Asia during the sixth/twelfth century together with an analysis of the circumstances of practicing philosophy during this time, this study can show how reports of falsafa, written by major Muslim theologians such as al-Ghazali (d. 505/1111), developed step-by-step into critical assessments of philosophy that try to improve philosophical teachings and eventually become fully fledged philosophical summas in the work of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1210). The book ends in a discussion of the different methods of kalam and hikma and the coherence and ambiguity of a Muslim post-classical philosopher’s œuvre.

SOCIAL SOLIDATORY: THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHTS IN CENTRAL ASIA AND UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Alimjon R. Rakhmatullayev ◽  
◽  
Marguba Gulamovna Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Unity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given

This article analyses the history and social processes taking place Central Asia. The development of social solidarity in the traditional Eastern society and the emerging transition to the model of Uzbekistan based on the principles of interaction with civil society are discussed. The author analyzed the factors and conditions of social solidarity development. The article deals with the research work and research of scientist-researchers on the social and philosophical issues about the nature and principles of establishing social unity in society. The given article makes it possible to get a more complete and profound understanding of the structure and essence of the basic institutions of modern society.Index Terms: social solidarity; socio-philosophical views, ideal society, humanism, solidar-ism, independence, relationship, harmony, spiritual development, national morality

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