INFECTION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR GALLBLADDER CANCERLITERATURE REVIEW.

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Dev Kumar Yadav ◽  
M Q Baig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Gallbladder Cancer ◽  
South India ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
North India ◽  
Patient Exposure ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽  
Chemical Genetic ◽  
Ethnic Variability ◽  
Microbial Agents

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the 6th most common gastrointestinal malignancy and most common hepatobiliary malignancy representing 85-90% worldwide with an annual incident of 2/1,00,000 and marked 1 geographical and ethnic variability and known for late diagnosis and poor outcome. High rates of gallbladder carcinoma are seen in different parts of the world like South America (Chilli, Bolivia, and 2 Ecuador) as well as in some parts of India (specically in north IndiaUP, Bihar, Delhi, West Bengal, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh, mostly in Gangetic belt), Pakistan, Japan, and Korea. In north India, gallbladder cancer is 10 times more common in comparison to south India. R 3 Kanthan et al . (2015) divides the risk factor for GBC into four broad groups: i)Patient demography, ii) GB abnormalities, iii)patient exposure to a specic chemical, genetic and molecular factors, iv) Infection. This study says that not only gallbladder stones but also infection by some microbial agents like salmonella and helicobacter also having contributory risk factors

High levels of organochlorine pesticides in drinking water as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: A study in north India

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 116287
Author(s):  
Shipra Tyagi ◽  
Manushi Siddarth ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Mishra ◽  
Basu Dev Banerjee ◽  
Abdul Jamil Urfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
North India

Marriage, monogamy and HIV: a profile of HIV-infected women in south India

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Newmann ◽  
P Sarin ◽  
N Kumarasamy ◽  
E Amalraj ◽  
M Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
South India ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Vertical Transmission Of Hiv ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Heterosexual Sex

A retrospective study was conducted on 134 HIV-infected females evaluated at an HIV/AIDS centre in south India to characterize their socio-demographics, HIV risk factors and initial clinical presentations. The mean age was 29 years; 81% were housewives; 95% were currently or previously married; 89% reported heterosexual sex as their only HIV risk factor; and 88% reported a history of monogamy. The majority were of reproductive age, thus the potential for vertical transmission of HIV and devastating impacts on families is alarming. Nearly half of these women initially presented asymptomatically implying that partner recruitment can enable early HIV detection. Single partner heterosexual sex with their husband was the only HIV risk factor for the majority of women. HIV prevention and intervention strategies need to focus on married, monogamous Indian women whose self-perception of HIV risk may be low, but whose risk is inextricably linked to the behaviour of their husbands.

scholarly journals On the Lomechusini fauna of the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions, with a focus on the genera Orphnebius and Amaurodera (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-106
Author(s):  
Volker Assing
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
South India ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Additional Material

Types and additional material of 13 genera of Lomechusini from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions are revised. In all, 28 species are (re-)described and/or illustrated, 17 of them new: Orphnebius (Deroleptus) triacuminatus spec. nov. (Thailand) of the O. draco group; O. (D.) gracilis spec. nov. (South India) and O. (D.) protuberatus spec. nov. (South India) of the O. niger group; O. (D.) pertortus spec. nov. (India: West Bengal), O. (D.) migrus spec. nov. (India: Meghalaya), and O. (D.) reticulipennis spec. nov. (Indonesia: Java) of the O. siwalikensis group; Pheidologitonetes bursata spec. nov. (South India); Amaurodera bicarinata spec. nov. (India: Meghalaya); A. gilvicornis spec. nov. (Thailand); A. latisulcata spec. nov. (Indonesia: Java); A. brevipes spec. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra); A. migritheca spec. nov. (Indonesia: Sumatra); A. longisetosa spec. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah); A. calicitheca spec. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah); Drusilla lativentris spec. nov. (China: Yunnan); Rabdotodrusilla vara spec. nov. (India: Meghalaya); Witteia tensa spec. nov. (China: Yunnan). The following new combination and synonymy are established: Pheidologitonetes adesi (Pace, 1998), comb. nov. (ex Zyrastilbus); Drusilla obliqua (Bernhauer, 1916) = D. palata Assing, 2015, syn. nov. Zyrastilbus angkorensis Pace, 2004 is not congeneric with the type species of Zyrastilbus Cameron, 1939; its correct generic assignment (Drusilla?) is currently unknown. An updated catalogue of the 174 described representatives of Orphnebius Motschulsky, 1858 in the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions is provided; the species are grouped according to a recently proposed intrageneric system. Amaurodera Fauvel, 1905 currently includes 53 described species distributed in the southern East Palaearctic and the Oriental regions. Additional records of 46 named and three unnamed species are reported, among them several new country records. The distributions of two Himalayan Orphnebius species are mapped. Nomenclatural Acts Orphnebius (Deroleptus) triacuminatus spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A8C586C1-2037-4DE5-997C-7B5DFD7F8581 Orphnebius (Deroleptus) gracilis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F52577E3-1AD2-4C33-80E9-1C129D969EFB Orphnebius (Deroleptus) protuberatus spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06A78E32-C968-43A9-97E1-7682FE870CB6 Orphnebius (Deroleptus) pertortus spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D6784D78-D101-4BF6-B59F-78D0097BF255 Orphnebius (Deroleptus) migrus spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:550FAFD7-3EA5-40E2-9E95-9203CB6C7505 Orphnebius (Deroleptus) reticulipennis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A4F9C29A-34F2-4B67-AD44-3CB3593B3D89 Pheidologitonetes bursata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:77C109C7-DED4-4297-95B4-519B7E085212 Amaurodera bicarinata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6504024F-CF61-4071-A1BA-E11A73AE16B0 Amaurodera gilvicornis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8AD61DB5-D227-4158-93B3-0F902BFF8C8F Amaurodera latisulcata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA0BB6D1-AA68-4368-8640-CC5B576FB393 Amaurodera brevipes spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9EEEC874-0C9A-4809-A8F5-B44EA72217BF Amaurodera migritheca spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AAE44C1B-FD1A-49CF-B08B-C6F067F54F09 Amaurodera longisetosa spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:887533D9-985B-41FE-B3C8-F1FF8938DC8B Amaurodera calicitheca spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:774965EE-4326-45C1-B89E-303A3B4AC04F Drusilla lativentris spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7CAC3239-9821-4DF6-BB7A-C8A564E9AF14 Rabdotodrusilla vara spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EF92FF0F-0E13-4BCB-9D20-270262CA9D76 Witteia tensa spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:32B142EA-09BF-423E-8951-C710CE8AF383

Phylogeny based on 16S rDNA andnifHsequences ofRalstonia taiwanensisstrains isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules ofMimosa pudica, in India

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra Verma ◽  
Soumitra Paul Chowdhury ◽  
Anil Kumar Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
South India ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
North India ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Free Living ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Indian Isolates ◽  
Dinitrogenase Reductase

Bacterial symbionts present in the indeterminate-type nitrogen (N)-fixing nodules of Mimosa pudica grown in North and South India showed maximum similarity to Ralstonia taiwanensis on the basis of carbon-source utilization patterns and 16S rDNA sequence. Isolates from the nodules of M. pudica from North India and South India showed identical ARDRA (Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis) patterns with Sau3AI and RsaI, but AluI revealed dimorphy between the North Indian and South Indian isolates. Alignment of 16S rDNA sequences revealed similarity of North Indian isolates with an R. taiwanensis strain isolated from M. pudica in Taiwan, whereas South Indian isolates showed closer relatedness with the isolates from Mimosa diplotricha. Alignment of nifH sequences from both North Indian and South Indian isolates with that of the related isolates revealed their closer affinity to α-rhizobia, suggesting that nif genes in the β-rhizobia might have been acquired from α-rhizobia via lateral transfer during co-occupancy of nodules by α-rhizobia and progenitors of R. taiwanensis, members of the β-subclass of Proteobacteria. Immunological cross-reaction of the bacteroid preparation of M. pudica nodules showed strong a positive signal with anti-dinitrogenase reductase antibody, whereas a weak positive cross-reaction was observed with free-living R. taiwanensis grown microaerobically in minimal medium with and without NH4Cl. In spite of the expression of dinitrogenase reductase under free-living conditions, acetylene reduction was not observed under N-free conditions even after prolonged incubation.Key words: symbiotic nitrogen fixation, Mimosa pudica, rhizobia, phylogeny, 16S rDNA, nifH, Ralstonia taiwanensis.

scholarly journals Up-regulation of PKM2 promote malignancy and related to adverse prognostic risk factor in human gallbladder cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Lu ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Yijian Zhang ◽  
Sheng Li ◽  
Jian Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Gallbladder Cancer ◽  
Human Gallbladder

scholarly journals Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its relationship with various risk factors in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal with special reference to tribal population, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Narenrda Kumar Sharma ◽  
Subodh Kumar Mahto ◽  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
Ankita Sheoran ◽  
Sumit Kumar Suman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tribal Population

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication and metabolic disorder of pregnancy. The aim and objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of GDM and its relationship with various risk factors with special reference to tribal population.Methods: The study was done in 200 patients between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, attending antenatal outdoor in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal.  These patients were given 75gm oral glucose irrespective of the last meal and their plasma glucose was estimated at 2hours. Patients with plasma glucose values ≥140 mg/dl were labelled as GDM. Patients who were diabetic before pregnancy or whose pre pregnancy body mass index was not known or was in labour or had chronic disease, were not included in the study.Results: Prevalence of GDM was 11% in whole population while it was 14.63% and 10.06% in tribal and non-tribal population respectively.  Prevalence of GDM and its correlation with most of risk factors in previous pregnancies was found to be significant in both non-tribal and tribal population. Family history of diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent risk factor in both non-tribal (9.4%) and tribal population (14.63%). There was no single most common risk factor among GDM patients found as there were multiple risk factors present with same frequency in both tribal and non-tribal population.Conclusions: The prevalence of GDM is 14.63% in the tribal population and 10.06% in non-tribal population which is not statically significant (P<0.407). The relation between the prevalence of GDM and risk factors was found to be significant for most of the risk factors.

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