GENERAL WELL BEING AND COPING DURING LOCKDOWN IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major measures being taken to curb the transmission of the virus, one of which was , the lockdown. The current study aims to assess the general well being and coping mechanisms of the self isolated population of Meerut in Uttar Pradesh. A cross sectional study was conducted using online forms on 432 participants .The questionnaire consisted of 3 sections- sociodemographic variables with COVID stressors; General health questionnaire 12 and Brief COPE scale. The mean scores of the GHQ scores and coping scale were computed. The results show that mean GHQ score of the population was 10.72. The major coping behaviors of the respondents were by self distraction, active coping,use of emotional support, positive reframing, planning, acceptance and religion; while denial and substance abuse had the lowest scores. The respondents scored the highest for acceptance as a way of coping.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Psychological Distress and Burnout among Medical Students: Findings from Two Campuses

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168446 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8446

Author(s):

Nik Muhammad Arif Nik Ahmad ◽

Nurhanis Syazni Roslan ◽

Shaiful Bahari Ismail ◽

Ramyashilpa D. Nayak ◽

Muhamad Ridzuan Jamian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical Training ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Skills Training ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Work Related ◽

Brief Cope ◽

And Coping

Medical training is intensive and predisposes students to psychological distress and burnout. Unaddressed burnout in medical training may persist in the internship phase and impact the quality of patient care. While some associations have been established, the link between some individual factors and training characteristics with distress and burnout in medical training remained unclear. In this study, we aim to examine the prevalence of psychological distress and burnout, and its association with gender, training phase, funding status, cumulative grade points average (CGPA), and coping strategies among medical students. The study applied a multicenter cross-sectional study design and convenience sampling on medical students from two medical schools from Malaysia and India. We used a self-reporting instrument that includes demographic details, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE). A total of 748 medical students participated in the study. The prevalence of psychological distress, personal-related, work-related, and patient-related burnout were 33.0%, 56.1%, 35.0%, and 26.2%, respectively. Being male, clinical year, self-funded, and having a CGPA of more than 3.50 predicted psychological distress and burnout with mixed results. Maladaptive coping mechanisms consistently predicted the risk of psychological distress and burnout by more than two times. The findings indicate that primary and secondary mental health interventions have a role in medical training. A systematic intervention should incorporate coping skills training alongside institutional-targeted intervention.

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Emotional Intelligence, Sense of Coherence, Engagement and Coping: A Cross-Sectional Study of University Students’ Health

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11246953 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 6953 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Fernández-Martínez ◽

Ana I. López-Alonso ◽

Pilar Marqués-Sánchez ◽

María Cristina Martínez-Fernández ◽

Leticia Sánchez-Valdeón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

University Students ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Coping

It is important to consider university settings as sustainable environments that promote student well-being. Our aim in this study was to determine how the variables of engagement, emotional intelligence, sense of coherence, and coping influence the health of students at a Spanish university. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The instruments of measures administered were: The General Health Questionnaire, Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Uterch Work Engagement Scale, sense of coherence and brief coping scale to 463 students. The results showed that better-perceived health was associated with higher scores for dedication, vigor, clarity, repair, sense of coherence, active coping, positive reframing, and humor. Conversely, poorer perceived health was associated with higher scores for attention, instrumental support, self-distraction, venting, religion, denial, self-blaming, emotional support, and behavioral disengagement. In addition, the variables analyzed presented differences by sex. Our proposed predictive model of health and the associations between variables indicate the need to cultivate emotional skills, such as mood repair, a sense of coherence, and coping strategies, in order to promote student health. Facilitating students’ acquisition of knowledge and resources by analyzing these and other variables can contribute to individual well-being and help university students to cope with present and future academic challenges.

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STRESS, STRESSORS AND COPING STRATEGIES AMONG UNIVERSITY NURSING STUDENTS

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.19/no.2/art.168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 20-28

Author(s):

Retneswari Masilamani ◽

Myat Moe Thwe Aung ◽

Hamidah Othman ◽

Aini Abu Bakar ◽

Tan Chung Keat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Nursing Student ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Student Nurses ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

And Coping

Literature has documented that student nurses undergo stress in their academic and clinical setting. This raises concerns because stress during undergraduate training may result in psychological or emotional impairment during the nurses’ professional life and ultimately affect the quality of patient care. The Objective of the study was to study the prevalence of stress, and the association between sociodemographic factors, stressors and coping strategies with stress. This was a cross-sectional study on 96-year 1-3 nursing students from a government university done between 2015-2018. Bahasa Malaysia translated The General Health Questionnaire, Stressors in Nursing Student Scale Questionnaire and Brief COPE Questionnaire was used in this study. This study had Malay (95.9%) and female (91.7%) dominated population. The prevalence of stress in student nurses was 25%. No association was reported between sociodemographic factors and stress. Among the 4 stressors educational, clinical, confidence and financial, clinical stressor scored the highest mean 6.40 (SD±3.66). Confidence stressor (AOR=1.26 95% CI 1.04-1.53) was the only stressor associated with stress. The top 3 coping strategies practiced by the student nurses were religion (praying), acceptance and planning. Self-blame (AOR 8.18 95% CI 1.86-35.91) was the only coping strategy associated with stress. Stress management programmes, and workshops on stress and coping strategies should be conducted yearly to ensure a well-balanced environment for good learning experiences and prevent stress related health problems and improved academic performance.

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Psycho-social risks at work: stress and coping strategies in oncology nurses

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.2742.2365 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 1282-1289 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Sandra da Fonte Sousa Gomes ◽

Margarida Maria Magalhães Cabugueira Custódio dos Santos ◽

Elisabete Teresa da Mata Almeida Carolino

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

General Health ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Well Being ◽

Work Conditions ◽

Stress And Coping ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Social Risks ◽

And Coping

OBJECTIVE: to identify sources of stress and coping strategies in nurses who work in three Head and Neck Surgery Oncology Services, in three central hospitals in Portugal. METHOD: a cross-sectional descriptive-exploratory study, whose sample was made up of the 96 nurses from the three services. The following were used in the data collection: a socio-demographic questionnaire; the 12-item General Health Questionnaire; and the Occupational Stress Inventory; Brief COPE. RESULTS: reasonable levels of general health were ascertained. The most-mentioned stressors were: burden with work; low pay; the physical space where they work; emotionally-disturbing situations and lack of recognition of the profession. The most-used coping strategies were: planning; active coping; acceptance and self-distraction. CONCLUSION: the stressors identified are mainly related to organizational aspects and work conditions, and the coping strategies chosen are aimed at resolving problems and improving the nurses' well-being. A significant percentage of the nurses presents high levels of pressure and depressed emotions. The results presented corroborate previous studies which warn of the importance of developing strategies for preventing these stress levels.

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STRESS, STRESSORS, AND COPING STRATEGIES BETWEEN PRE-CLINICAL AND CLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.1/art.503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 175-183

Author(s):

Retneswari Masilamani ◽

Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Jabbar ◽

Chang Swee Liang ◽

Hilary Lim Song You ◽

Lai Jian Kai Jonathan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Study Population ◽

And Coping ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Stress in medical education has been inevitable among medical students. However, the prevalence of stress among pre-clinical and clinical medical students differed by year of study. There were several stressors reported to affect medical students. Therefore, effective coping strategies were applied to manage the stress faced by medical students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress, stressors and coping strategies comparing pre-clinical and clinical Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) medical students, and the associated stressors and stress among them. This was a cross-sectional study with a study population of 223 medical students. Universal sampling was used. A self-administered questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Medical Students Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) and the Brief COPE Inventory were used in this study. The overall prevalence of stress among medical students was 48.15%. Clinical students had a higher prevalence of stress (53.73%) compared to pre-clinical students (39.02%). Year 3 students had the highest prevalence of stress (64.58%) compared to other years of study. Nearly 1 out of 2 medical students were stressed (48.15%). Academic Related Stressor ranked the highest and Acceptance was the most practiced coping strategy. The only associated stressor with stress was Academic Related Stressor.

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Psychiatric morbidities and Coping strategies in patients with different Coronavirus disease-2019 severities and chronic medical diseases: A multicenter cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.12.22.20248379 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hend Ibrahim Shousha ◽

Nagwan Madbouly ◽

Shaimaa Afify ◽

Noha Asem ◽

Rabab Maher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Online Survey ◽

Coping Styles ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

And Coping ◽

Anxiety Depression

AbstractCOVID-19 patients, especially those with chronic medical illnesses (CMI), may use different coping strategies, to reduce their psychological distress while facing the COVID-19 infection. The aim was to compare anxiety, depression and coping styles between patients infected with COVID-19 disease with and without CMI during the peak of COVID-19 disease in Egypt. This is a cross sectional study, that included an online survey consisting of Arabic versions of General Health Questionnaire-12, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Brief-COPE scale. Questionnaires were distributed to adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection during their quarantine in Egypt. One hundred ninety-nine patients responded to the survey, where 46.73% of them had CMI. Religion, emotional support, use of informational support and acceptance were the most used coping strategies by participants. Avoidant coping strategies were frequently used by divorced patients, home quarantined individuals, patients who developed COVID-19 related anxiety/depression and patients who didn’t receive hydroxyl-chloroquine. Approach strategies were frequently used by patients with mild COVID-19. Understanding the used coping strategies has implications for how individuals might be helped to manage their illness during the current presentation and intervene with development of serious long-term mental health conditions.

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LOCKDOWN FATIGUE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: PREDICTIVE ROLE OF PERSONAL RESILIENCE, COPING BEHAVIOURS, AND HEALTH

10.1101/2020.10.18.20213942 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Leodoro J. Labrague ◽

Cherry Ann Ballad

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

College Students ◽

Control Measure ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Personal Resilience ◽

And Coping ◽

Coping Behaviours

AbstractBackgroundThe lockdown measures imposed by many countries since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic have been useful in slowing the transmission of the disease; however, there is growing concern regarding their adverse consequences on overall health and well-being, particularly among young people. To date, most studies have focused on the mental health consequences of the lockdown measures, while studies assessing how this disease control measure influences the occurrence of fatigue are largely absent.AimThe aims of this study are two-fold: (a) to examine the levels of lockdown fatigue, and (2) to determine the role of coping behaviours, personal resilience, psychological well-being and perceived health in fatigue associated to the lockdown measure.MethodsThis is an online cross-sectional study involving 243 college students in the Central Philippines during the sixth month of the lockdown measure implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Five standardised scales were used to collect the data.ResultsOverall, college students reported moderate levels of lockdown fatigue, with a mean score of 31.54 (out of 50). Physical exhaustion or tiredness, headaches and body pain, decreased motivation and increased worry were the most pronounced manifestations of fatigue reported. Gender and college year were identified as important predictors of fatigue. Increased personal resilience and coping skills were associated with lower levels of lockdown fatigue.ConclusionCollege students experience moderate levels of fatigue during the mandatory lockdown or home confinement period. Resilient students and those who perceive higher social support experience lower levels of fatigue during the lockdown period compared to students with low resilience and social support. Lockdown fatigue may be addressed by formulating and implementing interventions to enhance personal resilience and social support among college students.

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Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Ottawa: What Coping Strategies Promote Psychological Well-Being?

Canadian Journal of Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/0844562119828905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 168-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anita Subedi ◽

Dana S. Edge ◽

Catherine L. Goldie ◽

Monakshi Sawhney

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Bhutanese Refugees ◽

Self Blame ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Positive Reframing

Background Since 2008, Bhutanese refugees have been resettled in Canada, including Ottawa. This relocation and resettling process is associated with significant physical and psychological stress, as individuals acclimatize to a new country. Purpose To assess the relationship between coping strategies and psychological well-being of Bhutanese refugees resettled in Ottawa. Methods A cross-sectional survey utilizing a convenience sample of adults (n = 110) was conducted in the fall of 2015 in Ottawa. Two tools, Brief COPE and general well-being schedule were used. Results Bhutanese refugees were in moderate distress. Using multiple linear regression, age, education, and three coping strategies (positive reframing, self-blame, and venting) were identified as predictors of general well-being ( F (11, 96) = 3.61, p < .001, R2 = 21.2%). Higher levels of education and positive reframing were associated with greater general well-being scores, while self-blame and well-being between ages 41 and 50 years were inversely associated with general well-being. Conclusions Findings suggest that a broad intersectorial approach between nurses and partner agencies is needed to enhance the mental health of this population for better adjustment in the host country. Nurses could provide support and counseling to minimize the use of self-blame and venting and promote positive coping strategies.

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Psychological Impairment and Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Students in Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2020.397 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Muhammad Salman ◽

Noman Asif ◽

Zia Ul Mustafa ◽

Tahir Mehmood Khan ◽

Naureen Shehzadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Depression Score ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Significant Impairment ◽

Psychological Impairment ◽

And Coping

Abstract High levels of stress are expected when crises affect people’s lives. Therefore, this web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from Pakistan to investigate the psychological impairment and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic. Google forms were used to disseminate the online questionnaire to assess anxiety (Generalized Anxiety disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and the coping strategies (Brief-COPE). A total of 1134 responses (age 21.7±3.5 years) were included. The frequency of students having moderate-severe anxiety and depression (score ≥ 10) were ≍ 34% and 45%, respectively. The respondents’ aged ≥ 31 years had significantly lower depression score than those ≤ 20 years (p = 0.047). Males had significantly less anxiety (6.62 ± 5.70 vs 7.84 ± 5.60, p = 0.001) and depression (8.73 ± 6.84 vs 9.71 ± 7.06, p = 0.031) scores. Those having family member, friend or acquaintances infected with disease had significantly higher anxiety score (8.89 ± 5.74 vs 7.09 ± 5.56, p < 0.001). Regarding coping strategies, majority of respondents were found to have adopted religious/spiritual coping (6.45 ± 1.68) followed by acceptance (5.58 ± 1.65), self-distraction (4.97 ± 1.61) and active coping (4.81 ± 1.57). In conclusion, COVID-19 cause significant impairment on mental health of the students. The most frequent coping strategy adopted by students were religious/spiritual and acceptance coping. During epidemics mental health of students should not be neglected.

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Psychosocial and coping responses toward 2019 coronavirus diseases (COVID-19): a cross-sectional study within the Chinese general population

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa226 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (10) ◽

pp. 731-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Q Li

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

General Population ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Crisis ◽

And Coping

Summary Background The 2019 coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) led out the mental health crisis. Aim To determine the psychological status and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD) among general population (except confirmed and suspected cases, and close contacts) and their association with the coping strategy types during the COVID-19 outbreak. Design A cross-sectional study. Methods Participants were recruited from the community through snowball sampling with anonymous online questionnaires, using 28-item General Health Questionnaire, 22-item Impact of Events Scale-Revised and 28-item Brief Coping Inventory to measure their psychiatric disorders, PTSD level and coping strategies. Results Of the total 1109 participants, 42.65% and 67.09% self-reported psychiatric disorders and high PTSD level, respectively. Age, occupation and education level were significantly association with psychological status. The status of psychiatric disorders was also significantly related to high PTSD level. Using both emotion and problem coping was better for psychiatric status [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54–0.98], and problem-focused coping was significantly associated with high PTSD level (aOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.25–3.51). Conclusion Negative psychological outcomes were common among the general people during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the findings may provide references for intervention guidelines of mental health for the community population.

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