scholarly journals Effect of Partial Replacement of Cement with NBRRI Pozzolan on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. A. Olawale
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Price Hike ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

The cost of cement has been on a steady increase in Nigeria making it difficult for mass housing developments. The possibility of this price hike abating is not envisaged under the current socio-economic situation in the country. One of the ways to reduce dependence on cement in construction of houses is the partial replacement of cement with pozzolanic material which are readily available with little or no cost such as the one developed by Nigeria Building and Road Research Institute (NBRRI). This study inspected the mechanical attributes of concrete made with fractional replacement of cement with NBRRI pozzolan. Concrete mix, 1:1.5:3 was designed for all specimens with w/c of 0.45. NBRRI pozzolan (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15%) by weight of cement were used for concrete production. The mechanical properties were measured at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. It was obtained from the results that workability of concrete reduces from 62.5 to 50.5 mm as the percentage of NBRRI pozzolan increases from 0 – 15% respectively. The 28-day compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths of concrete at 12% replacement of cement by NBRRI pozzolan (30.92, 3.11 and 5.48 N/mm2) were found to be comparable to control (34.93, 3.2 and 5.12 N/mm2). It is concluded that 12% replacement of cement by NBRRI pozzolan in concrete (at 28-day curing) will reduce the amount of cement, decrease the cost of concrete production and give desired strength.

scholarly journals Mix Design of Grade M35 by Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash in Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Chaudhary ◽  
Aditya Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Cement And Concrete ◽  
Strength And Durability

The optimized RHA, by controlled burn or grinding, has been used as a pozzolanic material in cement and concrete. Using it provides several advantages, such as improved strength and durability properties, and environmental benefits related to the disposal of waste materials and to reduced carbon dioxide emissions. Up to now, little research has been done to investigate the use of RHA as supplementary material in cement and concrete production .The main objective of this work is to study the suitability of the rice husk ash as a pozzolanic material for cement replacement in concrete. However it is expected that the use of rice husk ash in concrete improve the strength properties of concrete. Also it is an attempt made to develop the concrete using rice husk ash as a source material for partial replacement of cement, which satisfies the

scholarly journals The Effect of Animal Bone Ash on the Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1752
Author(s):  
Yasir N. Kadhim ◽  
Wail Asim Mohammad Hussain ◽  
Abdulrasool Thamer Abdulrasool
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Maximum Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Air Void

For the sake of enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of asphalt concrete, many studies suggest adding different admixtures, such as waste materials in the form of filler. These admixtures have a significant influence on the performance of asphalt concrete by plying a roll in filling the voids between particles and sometimes as a cementitious material. This study aims to improve the strength of asphalt concrete by adding crushed animal bone to the mix after carbonization at a temperature of 800 Co. Seven different percentages (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 100%) of animal bone ash as a replacement for the filler percentage were added to the optimum asphalt concrete mix. A number of tests were conducted on asphalt concrete specimens to measure Marshall stability (MS), Marshall flow value (MF), voids filled with asphalt percentages (VFA), air void percentages (VA), voids in mineral aggregate percentages (VMA), and maximum theoretical specific gravity (GMM). From the results, the maximum stability of 14.85 KN was reached when using animal bone ash of 20% as a partial replacement for the conventionally used filler (limestone). In general, there are some improvements in the physical properties of asphalt concrete with animal bone ash, which can be related to the increase in the bond between the particles of aggregates and the bitumen material. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091757 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on concrete containing E-waste as course aggregate

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Bibek Kumar Gupta ◽  
Sandeep singh
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Waste Particles

Abstract Electrical and Electronic waste (e-waste) is increasing rapidly in the world, and is passing severe toxic waste issues to the human beings and the environment. About 80% to 85% of various electronic items, wastes are decomposed in landfills which might include or discharge lethal gases into air, may have an effect on human beings and environment. For solving and minimizing the discarding of huge quantity E-waste substance, recycle of E-waste materials in concrete production is well thought-out as the mainly possible purpose. It helps to eliminate the concrete materials deficiency issues that are currently going on in construction industry and it also helps to develop the strength of concrete mix and decrease the rate of concrete. In the current study, a novel attempt has been made by adding optimum weight polypropylene fiber with partial replacement of 20 mm E-waste particles as course aggregate. E-waste with pp fiber is employed in concrete in order to improve the strength of concrete mix. The work was carried out on M35 grade concrete specimen (without use of E-waste particles and pp fibers) and with a partial substitution of course aggregates with E-waste particles in range of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% with respect to the weight of aggregate and pp fibers in the range of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% with respect to the weight of cement. Comp. strength, Tensile strength and flexural strength of fibrous concrete with E-waste materials and not including e-waste materials as course aggregates was experimented which presented an excellent strength gain.

Effect of Substitution of Crushed Waste Glass as Partial Replacement for Natural Fine and Coarse Aggregate in Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwarotimi M. Olofinnade ◽  
Julius M. Ndambuki ◽  
Anthony N. Ede ◽  
David O. Olukanni
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Glass Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Mix

Reusing of waste glass in concrete production is among the attractive option of achieving waste reduction and preserving the natural resources from further depletion thereby protecting the environment and achieving sustainability. This present study examines the possible reuse of waste glass crushed into fine and coarse aggregate sizes as partial substitute for natural fine and coarse aggregate in concrete. The variables in this study is both the fine and coarse aggregate while the cement and water-cement ratio were held constant. The crushed glass was varied from 0 – 100% in steps of 25% by weight to replace the both the natural fine and coarse aggregate in the same concrete mix. Concrete mixes were prepared using a mix proportion of 1:2:4 (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate) at water-cement ratio of 0.5 targeting a design strength of 20 MPa. Tests were carried out on total number of 90 concrete cube specimens of size 150 x 150 x150 mm and 90concrete cylinder specimens of dimension 100 mm diameter by 200 mm height after 3, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 90 days of curing. Test results indicated that the compressive and split tensile strength of the hardened concrete decreases with increasing waste glass content compared with the control. However, concrete mix made with 25% waste glass content compared significantly well with the control and can be suitably adopted for production of light weight concrete.

scholarly journals Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Prediction of Mechanical Properties of CNT/CNF Reinforced Concrete

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5637
Author(s):  
Sofija Kekez ◽  
Jan Kubica
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Concrete Mix Design ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Artificial Neural

Prominence of concrete is characterized by its high mechanical properties and durability, combined with multifunctionality and aesthetic appeal. Development of alternative eco-friendly or multipurpose materials has conditioned improvements in concrete mix design to optimize concrete production speed and price, as well as carbon footprint. Artificial neural networks represent a new and efficient tool in achieving optimal concrete mixtures according to its intended function. This paper addresses concrete mix design and the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for self-sensing concrete. The authors review concrete mix design methods and the development of ANNs for prediction of properties for various types of concrete. Furthermore, the authors present developments and applications of ANNs for prediction of compressive strength and flexural strength of carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers (CNT/CNF) reinforced concrete using experimental results for the learning process. The goal is to bring the ANN approach closer to a variety of concrete researchers and possibly propose the implementation of ANNs in the civil engineering practice.

scholarly journals Utilization of brick waste as pozzolanic material in concrete mix

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Raghda Resin ◽  
Abeer Alwared ◽  
Suhair Al-Hubboubi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Corrosion Of Steel ◽  
By Products ◽  
High Range

Recycling of construction and demolition waste and recycling of industrial by-products into building materials has an enormous potential. Brick waste can be treated by reusing for construction. Recently, the utilization of pozzolanic materials in cement and concrete have increased considerably due to their diverse benefits such as lesser use of cement , saving in production costs, improvement in the durability of concrete and so on. Ground bricks was added to concrete mix as partial replacement of cement at (5, 10, 15) % by weight. It was evaluated as a pozzolanic material in conjunction with high range water reducing admixture superplasticizer (HRWR)-The study confirmed that the use of 10 % of ground brick improved compressive, flexure strength of concrete by about (23.3%) and (5.92%) respectively at 240 days as compared to reference concrete and decreased the depth of water penetration under pressure by about 43.75% at 150 days, also the water absorption decreased by about 2.52%. The uses of 10% of grinding brick in conjunction with high range water reducing admixture reduced corrosion of steel reinforcement by about 18%.

scholarly journals Concrete Mix Using Solid Waste Aggregates (Coconut Shell Concrete)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction

Now days the cost of construction is increasing day by day due to increase in the prices of the building materials. The main ingredients of the concrete are coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement. Every construction company mainly depends on these ingredients for the production of concrete. In the present scenario most of the research work is done on how to reduce the cost of construction by increasing the strength of the concrete. Depending up on the properties many of the waste materials are used in the concrete as the partial replacement of aggregates. Mostly fly ash ,rice husk ash and blast furnace slag are found to be suitable for replacing the fine aggregate partially in concrete. Agriculture is the major occupation of the people in India and coconut production is one of the major agriculture production in India. The shell of the coconut is an agricultural waste and requires large amount of area for its dumping after its usage. It causes environment pollution if it is not dumped properly and creates major problem. If this coconut shell is used as replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete it gives solution to the major environmental pollution. Experiments have done on the effect of partial replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell for different percentages and investigated the properties of this composite concrete In this study, for M20 and M25 grades concrete four different concrete mixes for each grade with various combinations of coconut shell of about 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% were prepared. For each concrete mix three sample specimens were casted. The main focus behind this study is to utilize the agricultural waste like coconut shells which are of low cost when compared to the coarse aggregates and thus giving rise to the topic of how to construct the structures within low cost. In this study a short term analysis, at 28 days, the nature of coconut shell aggregate concrete is studied by conducting some tests like compressive strength, workability tests and comparison of these results are made with the normal concrete. In order to maintain serviceability, durability and strength of the members all the necessary precautions are taken. Thus by adopting this concept it will be very much helpful for the civil engineers and especially the society to fulfill their basic needs like low cost housing.

scholarly journals Partial Replacement of Cement Concreete with Biological Green Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.35) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Tolmatti Vamshi Krishna ◽  
M. Ashwin Kumar ◽  
Kunchala Anjaneyulu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mineral Admixture ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Acid Attack ◽  
Concrete Production

Bagasse ash (BA), the residue obtained after the burning of sugarcane bagasse as a fuel, has pozzolanic properties with potential use as a supplementary binding material (SCM). Use of Bagasse ash (BA) as a mineral admixture needs to be established, especially in India, where sugarcane cultivation is widespread, to reduce land required for its disposal and cement consumption in construction industry. Hence, to encourage commercial use ofBA with minimum processing, an evaluation of the physical, chemical and  morphological characteristics of a locally available BA and its effect, as SCM on properties of structural concrete was taken up.This research work describes the feasibility of using the Fly Ash (FA) Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash(SCBA) waste in concrete production as a partial replacement of cement. This present work deals with the effect on strength and mechanical properties of concrete using Triple blending of cement concrete using FA, RHA and SCBA instead of cement. The cement has been replaced by rice husk ash, accordingly in the range with 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% by weight. Concrete mixture of M20 and M25 and M30, were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strengths with the Conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for the test results of7, 14, 28, 56 and 90 days for Compressive strengths and Tensile & Flexural Strengths at 28 days. The durability aspect of the samples for Acid attack, Alkaline attack and Sulphate attack was also tested. The result indicates that the FA, RHA and SCBA improve the Compressive Strength and durability of concrete.  

Effect of Magnetized Water on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Containing Recycled Waste Glass Aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben U. Ngene ◽  
Oluwarotimi M. Olofinnade ◽  
Chidiebere E. Agomo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Infrastructural Development ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Glass Aggregate ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Recycled Waste

Concrete use is fundamental to most infrastructural development plan of humanity today. This underscores the need to understand the strength characteristics of concrete made with crushed glass aggregate as partial replacement for fine aggregate and mixed with magnetic field treated water (MFTW). This study investigates the mechanical properties of concrete mixes prepared and cast into cubes of varying constituents such as concrete mixed with normal water, concrete mixed with MFTW, concrete with varying degree of crushed glass as replacement of fine aggregate from 15 to 45% with or without MFTW. The cubes were thereafter crushed after 7, 14, 28 and 56 days of curing to determine their compressive and tensile strengths. From the results obtained, it was observed that the optimum percentage partial replacement of sand with crushed glass aggregate is 15% to attain a suitable using MFTW in the mixing of the concrete. At this percentage replacement, it was observed that both the compressive and tensile strengths of the concrete mixed with MFTW improved by 25-30% relative to the conventional concrete. The study therefore recommend the use of MFTW in place of normal water in concrete production and use especially when partially replacing fine aggregate with crushed glass aggregate.

scholarly journals EFFECT/BEHAVIOUR OF BLACK CURRANT LEAF ASH ON THE STRENGHT OF CONCRETE WITH RESPECT TO A CONTROL MIXES STRENGHT.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mala Babagana Gutti ◽  
Ani Abdulfatah Musa
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Durability Test ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Strength And Durability

The use of waste materials with pozzolanic products in concrete production is becoming a worldwide practice. The assessment of the pozzolanic activity of cement replacement materials is becoming increasingly important because of the need for more sustainable cementing products. In this report, black currant leaf ash is used as partial replacement of 5% of the concrete material. The Strength and durability test were carried out in order to assess the feasibility of using black currant leaf ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete. A total of 18 concrete cubes of 150mm x 150mm x 150mm in size were produced with ordinary Portland cement, 9 concrete cubes as control mix and 9 concrete cubes of black currant blended cement concrete, the samples were tested, weighed, and crushed to obtain their compressive strength after curing in water at age 7, 14 and 21 days. The after the study was completed it was found that the strength of the concrete increase as the samples with replacement were almost the same in strength as the control, Therefore, ordinary Portland cement-black currant blended cement concrete could be used in civil engineering and building works, especially where early strength is not a major requirement, thereby reducing the cost of production.

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