scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF IMMUNE RESPONSE INTENSITY TO SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS AMONG MEDICAL WORKERS WITH VARIED RISKS OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Isaeva ◽  
◽  
I.D. Reshetnikova ◽  
E.V. Agafonova ◽  
Y.A. Tyurin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Response Intensity ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Infection in Adolescents of Russian Federation: Results of Cross-Sectional Population Analysis of Seroprevalence

2021 ◽  
pp. 354-362
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Dubonosova ◽  
L. S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
E. A. Vishneva ◽  
N. A. Mayanskiy ◽  
T. V. Kulichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Response Intensity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. Cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) is the reason of high mortality in perinatal period, disability in children from risk groups with further development of congenital malformations and chronic diseases. Clear understanding of epidemiology and determination of focus population groups is crucial for development of measures and algorithms of congenital CMVI prevention.Objective. The aim of the study is to study CMVI seroprevalence among immunocompetent adolescents in Russian Federation with reference to the gender, regional, social and economic, and age factors.Methods. We have used for our study data from the survey of senior schoolchildren from 7 municipalities representing various regions of Russian Federation: group 1 (10–12 years old) and group 2 (14–16 years old). The study of CMVI seroprevalence and immune response was performed via the analysis of the level of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in blood serum. The social and economic well-being of the region was determined by "RIA Rating" experts.Results. Serological prevalence of CMVI in the study group of adolescents (n = 1403) was 70.6% (n = 990). There were no statistically significant gender differences in the distribution of seropositive children in regions (p = 0.525). Infection in boys (72.6%; n = 455; median age — 12.9 (11.0; 14.9)) did not prevail over the infection in girls (68.8%; n = 535; median age — 13.1 (11.0; 14,9)); p = 0,117. The overall prevalence of CMVI increased statistically significant with age — from 68% (n = 486) in group 1 to 73% (n = 504) in group 2 (p = 0.036). The prevalence of CMVI varied statistically significant by region (p = 0.003). There was no correlation between the regional seropositive level and the social and economic situation in the region (r = 0.034, p = 0.192). Immune response intensity did not differ by age, gender, and region with the antibody median of 88.9 CU/ml.Conclusion. More than half of adolescents (by the age of 10) in Russian Federation are infected, and infection increases with approaching to childbearing age, however, age is not the only aspect associated with serological status. Factors affecting immune response intensity require further study. Understanding of the CMV prevalence among children is crucial for determining future prevention approaches in target groups.

scholarly journals Integrating time progression in ecoimmunology studies: beyond immune response intensity

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Zamora-Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Response Intensity

scholarly journals Humoral and cellular immune response to Plasmodium vivax VIR recombinant and synthetic antigens in individuals naturally exposed to P. vivax in the Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghyun Lee ◽  
Young-Ki Choi ◽  
Youn-Kyoung Goo
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Infected Population ◽  
Activation Assay ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Vir Proteins

Abstract Background Plasmodium vivax proteins with variant interspersed repeats (VIR) are the key proteins used by the parasite to escape from the host immune system through the creation of antigenic variations. However, few studies have been done to elucidate their role as targets of immunity. Thus, this study evaluated the naturally-acquired immune response against VIR proteins in vivax malaria-infected individuals in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Methods Seven recombinant VIR proteins and two synthetic peptides previously studied in other countries that elicited a robust immune response were used to investigate the antibody and cellular immune response in 681 P. vivax-infected people in ROK. The expression of IgM, IgG, and IgG subclasses against each VIR antigen or against PvMSP1-19 was analysed by ELISA. PvMSP1-19, known as a promising vaccine candidate of P. vivax, was used as the positive control for immune response assessment. Furthermore, the cellular immune response to VIR antigens was evaluated by in vitro proliferative assay, cellular activation assay, and cytokine detection in mononuclear cells of the P. vivax-infected population. Results IgM or IgG were detected in 52.4% of the population. Among all the VIR antigens, VIR25 elicited the highest humoral immune response in the whole population with IgG and IgM prevalence of 27.8% and 29.2%, respectively, while PvMSP1-19 elicited even higher prevalence (92%) of IgG in the population. As for the cellular immune response, VIR-C2, PvLP2, and PvMSP1-19 induced high cell activation and secretion of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and G-CSF in mononuclear cells from the P. vivax-infected population, comparable with results from PvMSP1-19. However, no significant proliferation response to these antigens was observed between the malaria-infected and healthy groups. Conclusion Moderate natural acquisition of antibody and cellular responses in P. vivax-infected Korean malaria patients presented here are similar to that in other countries. It is interesting that the immune response to VIR antigens is conserved among malaria parasites in different countries, considering that VIR genes are highly polymorphic. This thus warrants further studies to elucidate molecular mechanisms by which human elicit immune response to the malaria parasite VIR antigens.

Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and the risk of COVID-19 among different groups of healthcare workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-304
Author(s):  
Liliya M. Fatkhutdinova ◽  
Gulnara G. Badamshina ◽  
Elena P. Sizova ◽  
Marina A. Patyashina ◽  
Lidiya V. Stavropolskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
N Protein ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Republic

Introduction. To date, issues related to the protection of medical workers from COVID-19 infection, including immunological protection, are of particular interest. The aim of the study was to explore seroprevalence of the IgG to SARS-CoV-2 N-protein in various groups of medical workers with the following assessment of the risk of COVID-19, depending on the seropositivity and occupational group. Materials and methods. The study of the strength of immunity to COVID-19 was carried out within the framework of the large-scale Rospotrebnadzor program to assess population immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the Russian Federation, considering the protocol recommended by WHO, on the basis of the laboratories of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan. From the sample of the study conducted in the Republic of Tatarstan, medical workers (301) were selected without a history of a new coronavirus infection and with no clinical symptoms of this disease at the time of biomaterial sampling (June 2020); the absence of the transferred new coronavirus infection was verified by the Unified State Information System "Electronic Health of the Republic of Tatarstan". The comparison group included 52 employees belonging to the engineering and technical personnel and not employed in medical institutions who met the above inclusion criteria. In the aggregate, the observation group (medical workers and the comparison group) included 12.1% of the participants in the population study. Results. The rate of seropositivity was 36.5% in the control groups, 23.7% - in doctors, and 38.9% - in nurses. Compared to doctors, seroprevalence was higher in nurses. The employment of medical workers in temporary infectious diseases hospitals did not affect the production of the IgG to SARS-CoV-2 N-protein. A relatively low prevalence of seropositivity among doctors of temporary infectious diseases hospitals was revealed. The probability of seroconversion decreased with age and did not depend on gender or history of recent contacts with COVID-19 patients. The survival analysis showed that the probability of remaining healthy by the end of the follow-up was the lowest among doctors from medical and preventive institutions that did not serve as temporary infectious diseases hospitals. The risk of COVID-19 in seronegative individuals was higher, but without statistical significance. Conclusion. According to the data of immunological studies for the presence of IgG antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it was found that the prevalence of seroprevalence in nurses is significantly higher than that of doctors, nurses of medical and prophylactic organizations of young age have higher seroprevalence to the nucleocapsid protein of the SARS-CoV-2. According to prospective observation, it was revealed that doctors of medical and prophylactic organizations that are not classified as temporary infectious diseases hospitals have a higher risk of developing a symptomatic form of COVID-19, which may be due to both the insufficient effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures and the peculiarities of the immune response and approaches, used to evaluate it. In the current epidemic situation, the detection of IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be used to decide on the distribution of responsibilities among medical personnel.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as Potential Targets for the Prognosis and Treatment of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Ou ◽  
Shitong Lin ◽  
Jiaying Qiu ◽  
Wencheng Ding ◽  
Peidi Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Lymphocyte Infiltration ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Response Intensity ◽  
Single Nucleus

To understand the etiological, structural, and immunological characteristics of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), we conducted single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) experiments for cervical samples from 20 individuals. When exploring the possible factors shaping the intra-individual immune heterogeneity in CSCC, we identified a cluster of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) enriched around some tumors, which highly expressed ACTA2, POSTN, ITGB4, and FAP. Results showed that the CAFs might support the growth and metastasis of tumors by inhibiting lymphocyte infiltration and remodeling the tumor extracellular matrix. Moreover, high CAF signals predicted poorer clinical outcomes for CSCC patients. Our data also revealed the infection profiles of HPV in tumors, the critical factors involved in the progression of cervical cancerous lesions, and the association between tumor metabolism and immune response intensity. Collectively, our findings may improve the prognostic and therapeutic methods for CSCC.

scholarly journals Pharmacoeconomic analysis of antineoplastics at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina from 2005 to 2008

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Maja Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Malignant Cell ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Immune Response To Cancer ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

Contemporary cancer chemotherapy need to be active against malignant cell (selectivity), to be based on the molecular biology of the cancer cell, to enhance immune response to cancer, and to stop development of resistance to drug. Research in this field is expensive, as well as the cost of newly discovered drugs. Targeted therapies are registered in the Republic of Serbia and their applications are controlled by the state authority. At the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina smaller number of patients was treated with targeted therapy than with classical chemotherapy. However, our costs for treating patients with monoclonal therapies are at the level of those worldwide.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Immunological Study of Persons Vaccinated with Live Plague Vaccine Living on the Territory of the Pre-Caspian Sand Foci of the Plague in the Republic of Kalmykia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Bugorkova ◽  
T. N. Shchukovskaya ◽  
N. I. Mikishis ◽  
S. N. Klyueva ◽  
O. M. Kudryavtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
International Health ◽  
Immunological Study ◽  
Immunological Monitoring ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Response Change ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Plague Vaccine

Relevance. In 2005 International Health Regulations, the plague, is on the list of dangerous infectious diseases that can cause emergency situations of interstate importance. Even single cases of human plague are considered as the basis for carrying out preventive measures. The paper presents the results of immunological monitoring conducted on the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia in order to assess the immunological efficacy and safety of the plague live vaccine The paper presents the results of immunological monitoring in the territory of the Kalmyk Republic over the individuals vaccinated against plague due to epidemiological reasons. Materials and methods. Studies of immunological efficacy of live plague vaccine were conducted alongside stepwise assessment of cellular and humoral components of innate and adaptive immunity in persons revaccinated against plague, using a complex of advanced informative tests. Results and conclusions. It is established that before the second revaccination all the surveyed persons retained expressed immune response by the mixed or cellular type, characterized by high level of spontaneous and induced production of Th1-associated cytokines. Activation of Th1 immune reaction was registered one month after the scheduled revaccination; immune response change-over from Th1 to Th2 type – after 6 months of observation, and retention of adaptive immunity by mixed type at the moderate level – in a year. Specific humoral immunity developed in 85% of the surveyed persons, but throughout the whole investigation the dynamics of antibody titers to plague microbe F1 individualized and did not coincide with cellular immunity indicators. Performed complex study has confirmed the relative safety of the live plague vaccine.

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus Infection in Adolescents of Russian Federation: Results of Cross-Sectional Population Analysis of Seroprevalence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Yu. Dubonosova ◽  
Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova ◽  
Elena A. Vishneva ◽  
Nikolay A. Mayanskiy ◽  
Tatiana V. Kulichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Response Intensity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. Cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) is the reason of high mortality in perinatal period, disability in children from risk groups with further development of congenital malformations and chronic diseases. Clear understanding of epidemiology and determination of focus population groups is crucial for development of measures and algorithms of congenital CMVI prevention.Objective. The aim of the study is to study CMVI seroprevalence among immunocompetent adolescents in Russian Federation with reference to the gender, regional, social and economic, and age factors.Methods. We have used for our study data from the survey of senior schoolchildren from 7 municipalities representing various regions of Russian Federation: group 1 (10–12 years old) and group 2 (14–16 years old). The study of CMVI seroprevalence and immune response was performed via the analysis of the level of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV) in blood serum. The social and economic well-being of the region was determined by "RIA Rating" experts.Results. Serological prevalence of CMVI in the study group of adolescents (n = 1403) was 70.6% (n = 990). There were no statistically significant gender differences in the distribution of seropositive children in regions (p = 0.525). Infection in boys (72.6%; n = 455; median age — 12.9 (11.0; 14.9)) did not prevail over the infection in girls (68.8%; n = 535; median age — 13.1 (11.0; 14,9)); p = 0,117. The overall prevalence of CMVI increased statistically significant with age — from 68% (n = 486) in group 1 to 73% (n = 504) in group 2 (p = 0.036). The prevalence of CMVI varied statistically significant by region (p = 0.003). There was no correlation between the regional seropositive level and the social and economic situation in the region (r = 0.034, p = 0.192). Immune response intensity did not differ by age, gender, and region with the antibody median of 88.9 CU/ml.Conclusion. More than half of adolescents (by the age of 10) in Russian Federation are infected, and infection increases with approaching to childbearing age, however, age is not the only aspect associated with serological status. Factors affecting immune response intensity require further study. Understanding of the CMV prevalence among children is crucial for determining future prevention approaches in target groups.

scholarly journals The role of the immune response mediator genes polymorphism in the predisposition to juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliia Sh. Nazarova ◽  
Ksenia V. Danilko ◽  
Viktor A. Malievsky ◽  
Akhat B. Bakirov ◽  
Tatiana V. Viktorova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective ― The aim of the work was to study the contribution of the immune response mediator genes polymorphism (TNFA rs1800629, LTA rs909253, IL1B rs16944, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, IL2RA rs2104286, IL6 rs1800795, IL10 rs1800872, MIF rs755622, CTLA4 rs3087243, NFKB1 rs28362491, PTPN22 rs2476601, PADI4 rs2240336) to the formation of the predisposition to juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and its clinical variants. Material and Methods ― The JIA group included 330 patients and the control group – 342 volunteers without autoimmune diseases from the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. Genotyping was conducted by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results ― Taking into account the differences by sex, it was established, that the alleles/genotypes of the TNFA rs1800629, LTA rs909253, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, PTPN22 rs2476601 polymorphic loci and the TNFA rs1800629*G – LTA rs909253*G haplotype are associated with the development of JIA as a whole (p<0.05); alleles/genotypes of the LTA rs909253, IL1B rs16944, IL2-IL21 rs6822844, IL2RA rs2104286, IL6 rs1800795, IL10 rs1800872, MIF rs755622, CTLA4 rs3087243, NFKB1 rs28362491, PTPN22 rs2476601 polymorphic loci and the TNFA rs1800629*G – LTA rs909253*G haplotype – with some of JIA clinical variants (p<0.05). Conclusion ― In this work, the relationship of the alleles, genotypes and haplotypes of a number of the immune response mediator genes polymorphic loci with the risk of the development of JIA and its clinical variants was established. Specific associations were observed for girls and boys, which indicates the existence of sexual dimorphism in the JIA pathogenesis.

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