scholarly journals Coastal erosion in the Gulf of Follonica and Baratti and coastal defense methods

Author(s):  
Roberto Bedini ◽  
Paolo Colantoni ◽  
Christine Pergent-Martini

From 1988 to the present the Institute of Marine Biology and Ecology of Piombino has studied the marine environmental situation of the Gulf of Follonica (Italy), in collaboration with the Universities of Siena, Pisa, Urbino, Sassari, Corte (FR) and the CNR of Pisa. In recent years erosion has drastically changed the sandy beaches mainly as a consequence of the constant retreat of the P. oceanica meadows whose possible causes have been studied. Also in the Gulf of Baratti the methods adopted for the defense of the beach have been inadequate.

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni De Falco ◽  
Francesca Budillon ◽  
Alessandro Conforti ◽  
Sandro De Muro ◽  
Gabriella Di Martino ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 103110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Toimil ◽  
P. Camus ◽  
I.J. Losada ◽  
G. Le Cozannet ◽  
R.J. Nicholls ◽  
...  

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Griggs ◽  
Lida Davar ◽  
Borja G. Reguero

Wave erosion has moved coastal cliffs and bluffs landward over the centuries. Now climate change-induced sea-level rise (SLR) and the changes in wave action are accelerating coastline retreat around the world. Documenting the erosion of cliffed coasts and projecting the rate of coastline retreat under future SLR scenarios are more challenging than historical and future shoreline change studies along low-lying sandy beaches. The objective of this research was to study coastal erosion of the West Cliff Drive area in Santa Cruz along the Central California Coast and identify the challenges in coastline change analysis. We investigated the geological history, geomorphic differences, and documented cliff retreat to assess coastal erosion qualitatively. We also conducted a quantitative assessment of cliff retreat through extracting and analyzing the coastline position at three different times (1953, 1975, and 2018). The results showed that the total retreat of the West Cliff Drive coastline over 65 years ranges from 0.3 to 32 m, and the maximum cliff retreat rate was 0.5 m/year. Geometric errors, the complex profiles of coastal cliffs, and irregularities in the processes of coastal erosion, including the undercutting of the base of the cliff and formation of caves, were some of the identified challenges in documenting historical coastline retreat. These can each increase the uncertainty of calculated retreat rates. Reducing the uncertainties in retreat rates is an essential initial step in projecting cliff and bluff retreat under future SLR more accurately and in developing a practical adaptive management plan to cope with the impacts of coastline change along this highly populated edge.


2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4218-4221
Author(s):  
Ming Chang Li ◽  
Ying Jie Zhao ◽  
Ying Wang

The analysis of marine environmental quality is an essential tool for grasping the domain environmental situation. The analysis of marine pollution source could be guide the environmental management and refine the management target. So this research is meaningful for the environmental management. In this paper, the environmental quality and pollution source are analyzed in the Beidaihe nearshore district, Tangshan Bay. The environmental quality standard of the Beidaihe nearshore district is the first level. The land pollution analysis shows that the discharge of Luanhe river has a main influence for the Beidaihe nearshore district.


2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
CELIA REGINA DE GOUVEIA E SOUZA

Monitoring on coastal erosion problems along the São Paulo shoreline have been carrying out by the author since mid the 80’s, including almost 87% of the whole 430 km length of sandy beaches. Eleven types of indicators of coastal erosional processes have been recognized, which have been attributed to seventeen causes, among them ten correspond to natural mechanisms and seven are due to anthropogenic interference. In this paper is presented rates of shoreline retreat based on the Bruun Rule application for six of the most threatened beaches, for a period as long as 56 years. Risk assessment is also estimated for these six beaches based on two criteria: (i) the total number (sum) of types of coastal erosion indicators found along the shoreline (frequency among the 11 types) and (ii) general spatial distribution (percentage of surface area) of coastal erosion indicators along the shoreline. Causes and effects of the coastal erosional processes are discussed for these six beaches. Results reveal high rates of shoreline retreat, even in non-urbanized areas, as well demonstrate that the six beaches are at very-high risk. Moreover, they indicate that natural mechanisms are very important as cause of coastal erosional processes in São Paulo, sometimes most them the human-induced causes. These studies have widely been supporting the State Plan for Coastal Zone Management, in order to create special rules for occupation and some activities along the shoreline, including engineering works, building and sand beach exploration. Besides, results are being recorded in a geoenvironmental information system for the Coastal Zone of the State of São Paulo (Project SIIGAL), which is in phases of implantation.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oula Amrouni ◽  
Essam Heggy ◽  
Abderraouf Hzami

Abstract The alarming vulnerability of low-lying sandy beaches to the acceleration of global sea level rise has been confirmed in the recent IPCC AR6 report. The situation is worsened by increasing coastal erosion, resulting in additional shoreline retreat of sandy beaches along several semi-arid urban coastal areas around the globe. The additional shoreline retreats from erosion are indicative of the rising imbalance in coastal sedimentary processes, which are a direct consequence of changes in precipitation patterns, urban growth, and change in land use. To quantify the magnitude and timescale of both coastal erosion and sea-level rise (SLR) in generating shoreline retreat of sandy beaches in semi-arid urban areas, we combine photogrammetric and statistical methods to measure and forecast the decadal evolution of these coastlines using two well-characterized sites that are hypothesized herein to be globally representative of these types of coasts undergoing rapid urban growth. We use multi-decadal shoreline positioning and land use classification surveys of the Southern California (SC, USA) and the Hammamet-North (HAM, Tunisia) beaches from aerial and orbital photogrammetric images, combined with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System, for the period from 1985 to 2018. Our results suggest that the current average shoreline retreat rates of sandy beaches range from -0.75 to -1.24 m/yr in SC and from -0.21 to -4.49 m/yr in HAM under similar aridity, land coverage and precipitation patterns. The observed decadal changes in shoreline positions along these semi-arid urban coastal areas are found to be accentuated by anthropogenic drivers associated with extensive urbanization, causing sediment imbalance at the coastline, adding up to the effect of the accelerating SLR. We assess that ~81% and 57% of the observed shoreline retreat was due to SLR, and 19% to 43% due to coastal erosion from urban growth along SC and HAM beaches, respectively. Using these measured rates, we establish a semi-empirical numerical model that combines urban growth and the observed shoreline retreat rate to forecast retreat rates through 2100 for both of our study areas, inferred herein to be representative of other global semi-arid urban coasts. Our model suggests that future average total shoreline retreat rates, accounting for both urban growth and SLR, range from -2 to -4 m/yr for SC and HAM sandy beaches, respectively, through 2100. The above suggests that if no mitigation is made, by 2100 the cumulative shoreline retreat in these urban areas could significantly exceed the Global Scale Assessment Model’s [46] cumulative projected average retreat of -30 m, confirming the alarming vulnerability of the semi-arid coastal urban areas that would need intensive and costly beach nourishment to control increasing shoreline erosion.


2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 659-662
Author(s):  
Ying Jie Zhao ◽  
Ming Chang Li ◽  
Yuan Yuan Cao

Analysis of marine environment, especially the multi-scale analysis is an efficient means to obtain the environmental situation and guide the environmental management. In this paper, the field data, max, min and average of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphate in the Caofeidian marine district, Tangshan Bay is analyzed. The whole water quality situation could be grasped through these analyses. The research results show that the distribution of pollution is disequilibrium and the high value district of pollution exists in research district too.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (64) ◽  
pp. 123-150
Author(s):  
Gustavo Barrantes-Castillo ◽  
Isabel Arozarena-Llopis ◽  
Luis Sandoval-Murillo ◽  
José Francisco Valverde-Calderón

Since 2010, the local press has been reporting an accelerated process of erosion on the sandy beaches of the Costa Rican Caribbean coast, it has even been documented within protected areas. To quantify this process and identify coastal erosion hotspots in the Caribbean south, a methodology was proposed for detecting and delineating the shoreline using aerial photographs and high-resolution satellite imagery to determine the rate of shoreline retreat, the employed photographs and images cover the period between 2005 and 2016. By such means it was possible to identify eleven erosion hotspots, as well as estimation of their retreat rates for the periods 2005-2010 and 2010-2016. The localities that have experienced the greatest erosion of their sandy beaches are Cahuita National Park, Westfalia and Bananito Beach.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 252846
Author(s):  
Wahyu Budi Setyawan

Coastal hazard due to wave activity, in the form of coastal erosion, has long been a problem in the coastal area of Ujunggebang. Loss of coastal land in the coastal area has removed a lot of rice fields, settlements, and public facilities. Efforts to maintain the coastline along 3,300 m of the coastal area, by building coastal defense structures (CDS), have been carried out by the central government since 2006 but, until 2015, the CDS that has been built is still only around 1782 m long, in some places the structure is damaged due to wave activity, and in general the structure is not enough to prevent overtopping. Meanwhile, unprotected coastal segments with CDS have experienced significant erosion. The idea of land use change as an effort to adapt coastal hazards, which was conveyed through an idea socialization approach and through showing examples of coastal area management practices to villagers, gave birth to the idea of developing a coastal tourism area in the village as a complementary measure for the existing coastal defense structure. Although the main problem faced- coastal erosion- has not been resolved, the development of the tourism area has been recognized by the local government as successfully changing the life of the village community.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Eduardo Paes Barreto

O artigo apresenta uma revisão da produção bibliográfica dedicada à vulnerabilidade costeira junto às praias do litoral pernambucano, feita com base em 21 estudos entre relatórios técnicos, artigos, resumos e monografias. Os estudos inventariados foram analisados em termos de: escalas espacial e temporal; agentes; conceitos adotado; abordagem metodológica, grau de formalidade e validação. Os resultados demonstram que ainda existem divergências quanto aos conceitos e abordagens metodológicas, predominando estudos essencialmente qualitativos. Ademais, nem sempre o conceito de vulnerabilidade costeira está explícito. Quanto aos agentes estudados, predominam a erosão costeira e o aumento do nível do mar. O litoral médio do estado é o setor mais estudado sob o ponto de vista da vulnerabilidade geomorfológica, predominando estudos de abrangência local. Algumas limitações se referem ao baixo grau de formalidade dos estudos, à não inclusão da dimensão temporal e à falta de uma metodologia de validação dos estudos, o que deve ser aprimorado com o aumento do volume de estudos dedicados à temática. Os estudos realizados até então representam uma tentativa inicial de se conhecer e predizer o comportamento dos ambientes praiais do litoral pernambucano frente à sua dinâmica, existindo ainda praias nunca analisadas sob este aspecto. A perspectiva é de que o conhecimento sobre o assunto se avolume consideravelmente, especialmente diante dos inúmeros problemas que a erosão costeira tem acarretado junto ao litoral do estado. Os produtos assim gerados servirão para orientar ações de gestão preventiva e corretiva.   A B S T R A C T The article presents a review about the bibliographical production dedicated to the coastal vulnerability next the beaches of Pernambuco, based on 21 studies, among which we have technical reports, articles, summaries and research papers. The studies were analyzed in terms of spatial and temporal scales; agents; adopted concept; methodological approach; formality and validation. Results demonstrated that there are divergences as to the concepts and methodological approaches, with essentially qualitative studies still predominating. Furthermore, the concept of coastal vulnerability is not always explicit. As to the agents analyzed, coastal erosion and sea level rise still predominate. The middle coast of the state is the most studied in terms of geomorphological vulnerability, predominantly with local studies. Some limitations refer to the low degree of formality of studies, to the non-inclusion of a temporal dimension and to the lack of a validation methodology of studies, something that should be enhanced with an increase of studies dedicated to the theme. Studies done until then represent an initial attempt of knowing and predicting the beach environmental behavior of Pernambuco’s coast, in front of its dynamics, with some beaches that were never analyzed under this aspect.  Expectations are upon a considerable rising of the subject, especially due to the countless problems that coastal erosion has been causing to the state coast. Results, derived from this increasing, shall guide preventive and corrective management actions. Keywords: vulnerability, coastal management, coastal geomorphology, sandy beaches   


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