scholarly journals Technology Governance: Minding and Closing the Gaps in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
SOKFA FRANCIS JOHN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Technology Governance ◽  
Current State ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Closing The Gaps ◽  
Key Issues

Technological innovation is at the heart of human evolution and progress. It is a catalyst for human well-being and socio-economic development. The rapid advancement the world is currently witnessing in this regard also birth concerns and ambiguities around the tension between benefits of today’s innovations and technologies and their actual and potential harm or risks. This paper outlines some key challenges to the global governance of emerging technologies to maximise benefits while preventing harm. The paper also identified some gaps in technology governance in Africa, their implications, and some key issues that need to be considered in closing these gaps. It argues that African governments, the corporate sector, academic institutions and other stakeholders need to begin to engage the current state of innovations and technologies and their possible futures and implications for the continent more critically and innovatively. This will require approaches informed by current needs and future thinking, are in sync with global trends, and prioritise Africa’s interests and needs. The current decolonisation debates in Africa should specifically inform such approaches. That will address the emerging patterns of coloniality observed in the current technological landscape and prevent the future occurrence of such practices. Additionally, considering rural African populations and their importance to the continent’s sustainable development, approaches to technological governance should also aim to centralise rather than marginalise rural communities. The paper concludes by highlighting some key areas of future research, such as investigating ways to achieve inclusive, just and equitable technological governance.

Second language structural priming: A critical review and directions for future research

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie N. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Priming ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
State Of Research

The last 15 years has seen a tremendous growth in research on structural priming among second language (L2) speakers. Structural priming is the phenomenon whereby speakers are more likely to repeat a structure they have recently heard or produced. Research on L2 structural priming speaks to key issues regarding the underlying linguistic and cognitive mechanisms that support L2 acquisition and use, and the extent to which lexical and grammatical information are shared across an L2 speaker’s languages. As the number of researchers investigating L2 priming and its implications for L2 learning continues to grow, it is important to assess the current state of research in this area and establish directions for continued inquiry. The goal of the current review is to provide an overview of recent research on within-language L2 structural priming, with an eye towards the open questions that remain.

scholarly journals BARRIERS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR SUFFICIENT ACADEMIC RESEARCH ON HOME MODIFICATION FOR OLDER ADULTS IN CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S249-S250
Author(s):  
Mengzhao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Home Modification ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Systematical Review

Abstract Home modification has been perceived as an effective method to make current dwelling units more age-friendly and improve the well-being of older adults. In China, a country with an increasing number of older adults, home modification research is still in its infancy. By typing “适老化改造” (home modification for older adults) as a keyword for the theme of articles in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the most authoritative and comprehensive database for academic publication in China, only 158 related papers are found to be published until the end of 2017, among which the first was published in 2009. With an aim to determine the current state of home modification research in older adults and to determine what could be done to facilitate sufficient research on this topic, the present study conducted a systematical review of the 158 papers about home modification for older adults published in China between 2009 and 2017. Based on the systematical review, the present paper identifies four barriers to conducting this line of research and puts forward six practical suggestions for future research studies in this area so as to contribute to building age-friendly dwellings and promoting age-friendly China.

Enhancing Indigenous Participation in Higher Education Health Courses in Rural Victoria

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Kippen ◽  
Bernadette Ward ◽  
Lyn Warren
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Participation In Higher Education ◽  
The University

AbstractThe poor health status of Australia’s Indigenous people is well-documented, as are the links between health and education. Aboriginal communities recognise the utmost importance of improving educational, physical, social and economic well-being in an environment where disproportionate numbers of Aboriginal students fail to complete secondary schooling. The aim of this paper is to highlight the issues of access, participation, retention and outcomes for Indigenous students wishing to study or currently studying health courses at a tertiary level. This project used a qualitative descriptive approach, conducting in-depth interviews with a number of key stakeholders and students in rural Victoria. Sixteen participants were interviewed, 14 of whom were from the Indigenous community.Participants identified key issues that were linked to the university and broader community environment. Factors in the university environment included lack of Indigenous staff within the mainstream university system, limited support and culturally inappropriate teaching that lead to negative learning experiences and poor motivation to continue with education. In the broader community, the isolating experience of leaving close-knit rural communities and the influence of past experiences on students’ aspirations for tertiary education was highlighted. The importance of community support and liaison with the university and marketing of health courses to the Indigenous communities in the region were key issues that participants identified as needing further attention.

scholarly journals Before the Bulldozer Hits the Ground: Measuring Farmland Loss in Ontario

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Epp and James Newlands
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Farm Land ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
Constant State ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Rural Ontario is in a constant state of change, as economic, environmental and political pressures impact the viability and resilience of many rural communities. Agricultural areas, in particular, are often negatively impacted by such changes, as this land may be more valuable for development purposes. Farmland is often redesignated to residential, commercial or aggregate land uses, among others, significantly impacting the viability of the agricultural industry. The future sustainability of agriculture in Ontario is dependent upon a stable land base and precise understanding of the availability of farmland. To date, accurate data regarding the amount of farmland being converted to non-farm land uses is not available as existing methods have significant limitations regarding data accuracy, consistency and timing. This research seeks to evaluate the current state of Ontario's farmland in terms of the land available and policies regarding land conservation. In order to ensure that farmland is available, it is necessary to measure the existing land base and determine the quantity of land being lost to development. This study has developed a new methodology for measuring the amount of farmland converted to non-farm land uses through official plan amendments and has been applied to nine regions and counties in southern Ontario. This presentation and poster will detail this new methodology and provide an analysis of the data collected to date. Recommendations regarding policy development, challenges associated with data collection and future research will also be presented.

scholarly journals Towards a national research agenda for the ambulance and pre-hospital sector in Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivienne Tippett, ◽  
Michele Clark ◽  
Shelley Woods ◽  
Gerry FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Current State ◽  
Current Research Effort ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Emergency Medical Systems ◽  
Hospital Research

By comparison to other health disciplines and medical specialties, pre-hospital and emergency medical systems (EMS) research lags behind its clinical cousins. This paper describes a recent Australian response to recognition of the need to improve the profile of pre-hospital and EMS research. In August 2002, the Convention of Ambulance Authorities (CAA) hosted a national symposium to discuss the development of an Australian agenda for ambulance and pre-hospital research. The aims of the symposium were to describe the current state of Australian research on pre-hospital care and EMS; identify gaps in the current research effort; discuss targets for future research; and describe mechanisms for encouraging industry cooperation and fostering the research effort. Similarities between the key issues facing Australian researchers and those described in both the United Kingdom and United States were noted. This Symposium was an important preliminary step in focusing and improving the pre-hospital research effort in Australia.

scholarly journals Future Agenda of Iraqi Social-Business Ethics through Corporate Social Responsibility: The Post-War Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Mulko Asaad Ado
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
Post War ◽  
And Function ◽  
Corporate Social

After Defeat of ISIS in Iraq and Syria, there is no major threat of peace in Iraq. Hence, it is time to reconcile the relations and restore the unity through decent policy making concerning better well-being for all Iraqi people. Appropriate business ethics based on pivotal social factors could generate proactive commercial environment in Iraq, which is the key to improve the quality of stakeholders' lives. Firms should develop their strategic corporate social responsibility practices aligned with global trends in order to create optimized values for the stakeholders. It is time for Iraq to create an ethical market for equality and unity in the path of globalization. This study tends to look deeply into this matter and create a better understanding of the subject for better future of Iraqi business laws and its development in practice. Observation and in-person conversations have been conducted in addition to reviewing the literature to understand and answer the questions of the topic at hand. This research investigates the extent of which CSR is implied within the body of Iraqi system and addresses local firms in regard to their willingness and function. Current state of the issue is investigated and possible approaches towards future implementations are provided for managerial benefits

scholarly journals The Service-Profit Chain: Reflections, Revisions, and Reimaginations

2021 ◽  
pp. 109467052110524
Author(s):  
Jens Hogreve ◽  
Anja Iseke ◽  
Klaus Derfuss
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Service Managers ◽  
Service Profit Chain

Over the past 25 years, the service–profit chain (SPC) has become a prominent guidepost for service managers and researchers. In this article, we reflect on and synthesize published research to clarify what researchers have learned about the SPC and what remains less well understood. Based on an in-depth discussion of the field, we present a revised SPC and propose multiple areas in which further research would be worthwhile, such as internal service quality as specific systems of human resource management practices, both employee and customer well-being as additional mediators, different targets of employee and customer loyalty, contingencies, and non-linear and feedback effects. We conclude by reimagining the SPC, and we discuss digital and artificial-intelligence–driven changes to the SPC’s structure. Finally, based on the insights we discuss, we inform scholars of the current state of SPC research and provide a detailed agenda for future research.

scholarly journals Tele-Audiology: Current State and Future Directions

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. D'Onofrio ◽  
Fan-Gang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
Improve Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Remote Care ◽  
Improve Patient

The importance of tele-audiology has been heightened by the current COVID-19 pandemic. The present article reviews the current state of tele-audiology practice while presenting its limitations and opportunities. Specifically, this review addresses: (1) barriers to hearing healthcare, (2) tele-audiology services, and (3) tele-audiology key issues, challenges, and future directions. Accumulating evidence suggests that tele-audiology is a viable service delivery model, as remote hearing screening, diagnostic testing, intervention, and rehabilitation can each be completed reliably and effectively. The benefits of tele-audiology include improved access to care, increased follow-up rates, and reduced travel time and costs. Still, significant logistical and technical challenges remain from ensuring a secure and robust internet connection to controlling ambient noise and meeting all state and federal licensure and reimbursement regulations. Future research and development, especially advancements in artificial intelligence, will continue to increase tele-audiology acceptance, expand remote care, and ultimately improve patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review for Better Understanding of Lean Driven Sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagatay Tasdemir ◽  
Rado Gazo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Environmentally Conscious ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Progressive Organizations ◽  
Social And Environmental Responsibilities

Global trends and factors, such as the increased level of globalization, climate change, resource scarcity, and awareness of social and environmental responsibilities, as well as fiercer competition and lower profit margins in all industries, force organizations to act to retain, regain, or sustain their competitive advantages for long-term survival. These trends and factors are historically known to bring about innovations that drive the evolution of industries. Sustainability is considered to be such an innovation to achieve fiscally sound, environmentally conscious, and socially progressive organizations and supply chains. This study reviewed 477 past articles published in five major databases from 1990 to 2018. The purpose of the study was to assess the current state-of-the art in the subject of lean-driven sustainability. Based on the exhaustive descriptive and contextual analysis, synergies, divergences, and the extent of two-way permeability of lean and sustainability concepts from the perspective of intra- and inter-organizational operations were identified along with future research opportunities. Fundamental strengths and weaknesses of both concepts, existing strong synergies and untapped potential, along with their key contributors, the potential-use cases of lean tools to derive sustainable solutions are highlighted in this review.

On the Role of Human Morality in Information System Security

2011 ◽  
pp. 255-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko T. Siponen
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Relativism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This chapter argues, following the scholars of the first category, that human morality has a role as a means for ensuring security. But to achieve this goal solid theoretical foundations, on which a concrete guidance can be based, are needed. The existing proposals (e.g., Kowalski, 1990; Baskerville, 1995; Dhillon & Backhouse, 2000) do not suggest any theoretical foundation nor concrete means for using ethics as a means of ensuring security. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for the use of ethics in this respect. To achieve this aim, a critique of the relevance of ethics must be considered. The use of human morality as a means of ensuring security has been criticized by Leiwo and Heikkuri (1998a, 1998b) on the grounds of cultural relativism (and hacker ethics/hacking culture). If cultural relativism is valid as an ethical doctrine, the use of human morality as a means of protection is very questionable. It would only be possible in certain “security” cultures, i.e., cultures in which security norms have been established–if at all. However, the objection of Leiwo and Heikkuri (1998a, 1998b) is argued to be questionable. We feel that cultural relativism has detrimental effects on our well-being and security. Things might be better if the weaknesses of cultural relativism were recognized. This paper adopts the conceptual analysis in terms of Järvinen (1997, 2000) as the research approach. An early version of this paper was presented at an international conference on information security (IFIP TC11, Beijing, China, 2000). The chapter is organized as follows. In the second section, the possible ethical theoretical frameworks are discussed. In the third section, the objections to the use of ethics as a means of protection based on cultural relativism (descriptivism) are explored. In the fourth section, an alternative approach based on non-descriptivism is suggested. The fifth section discusses the implications and limitations of this study. The sixth section summarises the key issues of the chapter including future research questions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document