scholarly journals Construction of Mathematical Model of DC Servo Motor Mechanism with PID controller for Electric Wheel Chair Arrangement

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Hadish Habte Tesfamikael ◽  
Adam Fray ◽  
Israel Mengsteab ◽  
Adonay Semere ◽  
Zebib Amanuel
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Electric Wheelchair ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Wheel Chair ◽  
Smart Wheelchair

Low-level and medium-level leg injury patients can be operated wheelchair independently in the clinical region. The construction of an electric wheelchair is one of the solutions to operate electric wheelchair by the patients themselves. The motor is an essential part of an electrical wheelchair for driving from one place to another place. The response of the system is very important for the optimization of the system. The existing methods fail in gradual sensitivity during motion and lack of response time to the user. This article is consist of a design for optimizing the existing DC motor transfer function for the smart wheelchair. The perfect angular tuning of the derivative controller provides a better executing time for our proposed model. The smoother responses from the smart wheelchair are obtaining by the dynamic response of closed-loop control. The design of DC motors is to drive smart wheelchair as per the needs. Besides, the construction of a mathematical model for proposing a system involves the DC motor drive to the smart wheelchair arrangement. The proposed model gives independent mobility of smart wheelchair with less response time and better sensitivity. Here, the mathematical model provides the details of immediate response to the user and less execution time of the complex system process. Finally, the authors discussed future improvements to the current DC motor design in the proposed system.

scholarly journals Android Based Voice Activated Wheel Chair for Disabled

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3508-3509
Keyword(s):  
Speech Recognition ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Recognition Model ◽  
Human Voice ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Wheel Chair ◽  
The Voice

The aim of the project is to develop a wheel chair which can be controlled by voice of the person. It is based on the speech recognition model. The project is focused on controlling the wheel chair by human voice. The system is intended to control a wheel seat by utilizing the voice of individual. The structure of this framework will be particularly valuable to the crippled individual and furthermore to the older individuals. It is a booming technology which interfaces human with machine. Smart phone device is the interface. This will allow the challenging people to move freely without the assistant of others. They will get a moral support to live independently .The hardware used are Arduino kit, Microcontroller, Wheelchair and DC motors. DC motor helps for the movement of wheel chair. Ultra Sonic Sensor senses the obstacles between wheelchair and its way.

Speed Control of a DC Motor Using PD and PWM Controllers

2015 ◽  
Vol 220-221 ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubica Miková ◽  
Ivan Virgala ◽  
Michal Kelemen
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Pwm Control ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Dc Motors

One of the most commonly used actuators in industry are DC motors because of their relative control simplicity, small dimensions and a low price. The paper analyses a DC motor with focus on speed control using two different approaches. First, a mathematical model of the DC motor is introduced. For controller design, two methods, namely the frequency shaping method and PWM control, are used. Both approaches are simulated and compared to each other. For running simulations, software Matlab/Simulink has been applied. The conclusion discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the employed control methods. The contribution of the paper brings information about the advantages and disadvantages of approaches.

scholarly journals Simulation of Eye Tracking Control based Electric Wheelchair Construction by Image Segmentation Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Hadish Habte Tesfamikael ◽  
Adam Fray ◽  
Israel Mengsteab ◽  
Adonay Semere ◽  
Zebib Amanuel
Keyword(s):  
Edge Detection ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
System Response ◽  
Electric Wheelchair ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Validation Parameters

In this fast-paced world, it is very challenging for the elderly and disabled population to move independently to their desire places at any convenient time. Fortunately, some of the people have good eyesight and physically strong to take care of their survival. Nevertheless, Electric wheelchair (EWC) can provide them a better lifestyle with commendable confidence. At the same time, the hand, head and voice recognition-based EWC meet many limitations. Despite, the eye-tracking-based EWC provides a better smartness in their lifestyle. This research article discusses better accuracy achievement and minimizes the delay response time in the proposed system. The proposed eye-tracking EWC is differed from another existing system with good validation parameters of the controller and it introduces edge detection to identify the eye pupil position in the face. The proposed method includes a PID controller to control the DC motor, which in turn controls the rotation of wheel in EWC. This research article is mainly focused on the cost-effectiveness and improvement in the system performance. The display system is mounted in front of the sitting position of EWC users. The camera captures eye pupil position and it determines the direction of the EWC movement by controlling DC motor with the help of a PID controller. When derivative (D) control is used in the proposed system, the system response is quite faster and it reduces the delay time between the user and system reaction. This pupil of eye position is determined by a canny edge detector, which provides good results when compared with other edge detection approaches. Object detection in front of the EWC is an added advantage of the proposed system. The proposed article integrates all the activities and measures the system performance. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of about 90% and response time is least compared with the existing methods.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF PREDICTING THE INDICATORS OF ACCREDITATION OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Olga Mikhaylovna Tikhonova ◽  
Alexander Fedorovich Rezchikov ◽  
Vladimir Andreevich Ivashchenko ◽  
Vadim Alekseevich Kushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
System Dynamics ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Oriented Graph ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Linear Differential ◽  
The University ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The paper presents the system of predicting the indicators of accreditation of technical universities based on J. Forrester mechanism of system dynamics. According to analysis of cause-and-effect relationships between selected variables of the system (indicators of accreditation of the university) there was built the oriented graph. The complex of mathematical models developed to control the quality of training engineers in Russian higher educational institutions is based on this graph. The article presents an algorithm for constructing a model using one of the simulated variables as an example. The model is a system of non-linear differential equations, the modelling characteristics of the educational process being determined according to the solution of this system. The proposed algorithm for calculating these indicators is based on the system dynamics model and the regression model. The mathematical model is constructed on the basis of the model of system dynamics, which is further tested for compliance with real data using the regression model. The regression model is built on the available statistical data accumulated during the period of the university's work. The proposed approach is aimed at solving complex problems of managing the educational process in universities. The structure of the proposed model repeats the structure of cause-effect relationships in the system, and also provides the person responsible for managing quality control with the ability to quickly and adequately assess the performance of the system.

AUTOMATIC HEAD-MOVEMENT CONTROLLED WHEELCHAIR

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Keyword(s):  
Head Movement ◽  
Motion Sensor ◽  
Electric Wheelchair ◽  
Wheel Chair ◽  
Head Band

This project is regarding the Motion controlled wheelchair for disabled. We are going to control motorized wheelchair using a head band having motion sensor and Arduino as controller. Problem: “often disabled who cannot walk find themselves being burden for their families or caretakers just for moving around the house. Disabled who are paralysed below head, who may not have functioning arms cannot control joystick controlled electric wheelchair.” This project is to solve their problem using a motion sensor to control their wheelchair. We are aiming towards building a more affordable, unique, low maintenance and available for all kind of head-controlled wheel chair.

Straight-Move Robot Control System with LabView-Based Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Andrean George W
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Labview Software ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Dc Motor Control ◽  
Process System ◽  
Interface Devices

Abstract - Control and monitoring of the rotational speed of a wheel (DC motor) in a process system is very important role in the implementation of the industry. PWM control and monitoring for wheel rotational speed on a pair of DC motors uses computer interface devices where in the industry this is needed to facilitate operators in controlling and monitoring motor speed. In order to obtain the best controller, tuning the Integral Derifative (PID) controller parameter is done. In this tuning we can know the value of proportional gain (Kp), integral time (Ti) and derivative time (Td). The PID controller will give action to the DC motor control based on the error obtained, the desired DC motor rotation value is called the set point. LabVIEW software is used as a PE monitor, motor speed control. Keyword : LabView, Motor DC, Arduino, LabView, PID.

A Mathematical Model for the Anaerobic Digestion Process Applied to a Mixture of Night Soil and Septic Tank Sludge

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ryong Ha ◽  
Dwang Ho Lee ◽  
Sang Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Proposed Model

Laboratory scale experiments were conducted to develop a mathematical model for the anaerobic digestion of a mixture of night soil and septic tank sludge. The optimum mixing ratio by volume between night soil and septic tank sludge was found to be 7:3. Due to the high solids content in the influent waste, mixed-liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) was not considered to be a proper parameter for biomass concentration, therefore, the active biomass concentration was estimated based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) concentration in the reactor. The weight ratio between acidogenic bacteria and methanogenic bacteria in the mixed culture of a well-operated anaerobic digester was approximately 3:2. The proposed model indicates that the amount of volatile acid produced and the gas production rate can be expressed as a function of hydraulic residence time (HRT). The kinetic constants of the two phases of the anaerobic digestion process were determined, and a computer was used to simulate results using the proposed model for the various operating parameters, such as BOD5 and volatile acid concentrations in effluent, biomass concentrations and gas production rates. These were consistent with the experimental data.

scholarly journals On the Dragging Trajectory of Anchors in Clay for Merchant Ships

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Xinqing Zhuang ◽  
Keliang Yan ◽  
Pan Gao ◽  
Yihua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Test System ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Depth Increase ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Anchor dragging is a major threat to the structural integrity of submarine pipelines. A mathematical model in which the mechanical model of chain and the bearing model of anchor were coupled together. Based on the associated flow rule, an incremental procedure was proposed to solve the spatial state of anchor until it reaches the ultimate embedding depth. With an indirect measurement method for the anchor trajectory, a model test system was established. The mathematical model was validated against some model tests, and the effects of two parameters were studied. It was found that both the ultimate embedding depth of a dragging anchor and the distance it takes to reach the ultimate depth increase with the shank-fluke pivot angle, but decrease as the undrained shear strength of clay increases. The proposed model is supposed to be useful for the embedding depth calculation and guiding the design of the pipeline burial depth.

scholarly journals Content Dependent Representation Selection Model for Systems Based on MPEG DASH

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 1843
Author(s):  
Jelena Vlaović ◽  
Snježana Rimac-Drlje ◽  
Drago Žagar
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Video Encoding ◽  
Adaptation Algorithm ◽  
Subjective Testing ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A standard called MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG DASH) ensures the interoperability between different streaming services and the highest possible video quality in changing network conditions. The solutions described in the available literature that focus on video segmentation are mostly proprietary, use a high amount of computational power, lack the methodology, model notation, information needed for reproduction, or do not consider the spatial and temporal activity of video sequences. This paper presents a new model for selecting optimal parameters and number of representations for video encoding and segmentation, based on a measure of the spatial and temporal activity of the video content. The model was developed for the H.264 encoder, using Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) objective metrics as well as Spatial Information (SI) and Temporal Information (TI) as measures of video spatial and temporal activity. The methodology that we used to develop the mathematical model is also presented in detail so that it can be applied to adapt the mathematical model to another type of an encoder or a set of encoding parameters. The efficiency of the segmentation made by the proposed model was tested using the Basic Adaptation algorithm (BAA) and Segment Aware Rate Adaptation (SARA) algorithm as well as two different network scenarios. In comparison to the segmentation available in the relevant literature, the segmentation based on the proposed model obtains better SSIM values in 92% of cases and subjective testing showed that it achieves better results in 83.3% of cases.

The Generation Principle and Mathematical Models of Double-Enveloping Internal Gear Pairs

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Li ◽  
Bingkui Chen ◽  
Yawen Wang ◽  
Guohua Sun ◽  
Teik C. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
General Mathematical Model ◽  
Meshing Characteristics ◽  
Internal Gear ◽  
Tooth Pair

In this paper, the planar double-enveloping method is presented for the generation of tooth profiles of the internal gear pair for various applications, such as gerotors and gear reducers. The main characteristic of this method is the existence of double contact between one tooth pair such that the sealing property, the load capacity and the transmission precision can be significantly improved as compared to the conventional configuration by the single-enveloping theory. Firstly, the generation principle of the planar double-enveloping method is introduced. Based on the coordinate transformation and the envelope theory, the general mathematical model of the double-enveloping internal gear pair is presented. By using this model, users can directly design different geometrical shape profiles to obtain a double-enveloping internal gear pair with better meshing characteristics. Secondly, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, specific mathematical formulations of three double-enveloping internal gear pairs which apply circular, parabolic and elliptical curves as the generating curves are given. The equations of tooth profiles and meshing are derived and the composition of tooth profiles is analyzed. Finally, numerical examples are provided for an illustration.

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