CHRONOBIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO EVALUATION OF FUNCTIONING IN REHABILITATION MEDICINE

Author(s):  
Марина Михайловна Романова ◽  
Алексей Викторович Чернов

Активная деятельность ВОЗ по распространению и применению Международной классификация функционирования, ограничений жизнедеятельности и здоровья (МКФ) приводит к изменению законодательной базы, стандартов систем медицинской и социальной реабилитации с учетом положений МКФ. Во всем мире и в нашей стране продолжается развитие такого важного направления медицины как медицинская реабилитация, физическая и реабилитационная медицина. Среди актуальных аспектов можно отметить проблему полиморбидности патологии у одного пациента, а также объективизации диагностики нарушения отдельных функций, системы объективизации контроля и оценки эффективности реабилитационных мероприятий, в том числе с включением физических и физиологических методов контроля в контексте дальнейшего совершенствования системы физической и реабилитационной медицины. Статья посвящена результатам исследования по изучению возможностей применения хронобиологического подхода к оценке функционирования систем адаптации у пациентов при наличии полиморбидности. Применялся метод суточного мониторирования вариабельности сердечного ритма, электрокардиограммы, артериального давления. Полученные данные обрабатывали статистически с применением косинор-анализа. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о достоверных нарушениях циркадианного ритма вариабельности сердечного ритма у больных при сочетании метаболического синдрома и заболеваний верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта. Хронобиологический подход в оценке показателей суточного мониторирования вариабельности сердечного ритма является одним из объективных методов интегральной оценки адаптационно-восстановительных резервов организма, что следует учитывать при организации и проведении диагностических, лечебных, профилактических мероприятий, в восстановительной, физической и реабилитационной медицине Who's active work on the dissemination and application of the International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) leads to changes in the legal framework, standards of medical and social rehabilitation systems, taking into account the provisions of the ICF. All over the world and in our country, the development of such an important area of medicine as medical rehabilitation, physical and rehabilitation medicine continues. Among the relevant aspects, we can note the problem of polymorbidity of pathology in one patient,as well as the objectification of diagnostics of violations of individual functions, the system of objectification of control and evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures, including the inclusion of physical and physiological methods of control in the context of further improvement of the systemof physical and rehabilitation medicine. The article is devoted to the results of a study on the possibilities of applying a chronobiological approach to assessing the functioning of adaptation systems in patients with polymorbidity. The method of daily monitoring of heart rate variability, electrocardiogram, and blood pressure was used. The obtained data were processed statistically using cosinor analysis. The results of the study indicate significant violations of circadian rhythm and heart rate variability in patients with a combination of metabolic syndrome and diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Chronobiological approach to the assessment of indicators of daily monitoring of heart rate variability is one of the objective methods of integral assessment of adaptive and recovery reserves of the body, which should be taken into account when organizing and conducting diagnostic, therapeutic, preventive measures, in rehabilitation, physical and rehabilitation medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Sereda ◽  
Sergey N. Puzin ◽  
Servir S. Memetov ◽  
Vyacheslav V. Kim ◽  
Ruslan G. Ilyukhin

The development of rehabilitation at the present stage is one of the priorities in the field of health and social development. Not only medical organizations, but also other organizations can take part in carrying out medical rehabilitation activities. A prerequisite for the implementation of rehabilitation activities is the availability of a license for medical activity with an indication of medical rehabilitation work. Of great concern is the issue of staffing of medical organizations, especially primary care, by such specialists as a doctor of physical and rehabilitation medicine, a doctor of medical rehabilitation, a medical speech therapist, an ergorehabilitation specialist, etc. In the absence of these specialists in medical organizations, it is impossible to form interdisciplinary rehabilitation teams, and in their absence, the solution of medical rehabilitation issues is questionable. The article contains an analysis of the current legal framework for medical rehabilitation. The stages of medical rehabilitation in medical organizations are reflected in accordance with the scale of rehabilitation routing. Four groups of medical organizations carrying out medical rehabilitation have been identified. The shortcomings of the current legal framework for medical rehabilitation are indicated, since a comprehensive rehabilitation system is currently being formed in the Russian Federation. For its successful development and implementation in the practical activities of medical organizations and social institutions, a regulatory and legal framework is being developed and improved. The approved Procedure for the organization of medical rehabilitation will allow to systematize and organize this work at a qualitatively new level.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
V E Yudin ◽  
A M Shchegolkov ◽  
V P Yaroshenko ◽  
I G Ovechkin ◽  
E S Kosukhin

Improving the system of medical rehabilitation in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is carried out in accordance with the trends of civilian health care, with an emphasis on the specifics of military medicine. It is stated that medical rehabilitation should be carried out by specialists of the multidisciplinary team - a functional association of medical and non-medical professionals in the course of providing assistance in the field of medical rehabilitation. In the future, the activities of the multidisciplinary team will include the definition of a rehabilitation diagnosis using the international classification of functioning. Changing the nomenclature of specialties will require organizing the training (retraining) of specialists in the specialty «Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine» in educational institutions of the Russian Ministry of Defense.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Marmerstein ◽  
Grant A. McCallum ◽  
Dominique M. Durand

AbstractThe vagus nerve is the largest autonomic nerve, innervating nearly every organ in the body. “Vagal tone” is a clinical measure believed to indicate overall levels of vagal activity, but is measured indirectly through the heart rate variability (HRV). Abnormal HRV has been associated with many severe conditions such as diabetes, heart failure, and hypertension. However, vagal tone has never been directly measured, leading to disagreements in its interpretation and influencing the effectiveness of vagal therapies. Using custom carbon nanotube yarn electrodes, we were able to chronically record neural activity from the left cervical vagus in both anesthetized and non-anesthetized rats. Here we show that tonic vagal activity does not correlate with common HRV metrics with or without anesthesia. Although we found that average vagal activity is increased during inspiration compared to expiration, this respiratory-linked signal was not correlated with HRV either. These results represent a clear advance in neural recording technology but also point to the need for a re-interpretation of the link between HRV and “vagal tone”.


2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 838.2-838
Author(s):  
L. Marchenkova ◽  
V. Vasileva

Background:There is a high prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) among patients of the older age undergoing rehabilitation. Therefore, it is obvious that physicians working in the field of physical and rehabilitative medicine should be well oriented in this medical problem.Objectives:to study the relevance of the problem of osteoporosis (OP) for physicians working in the field of physical and rehabilitation medicine, their awareness of the main methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this disease, as well as the frequency of their use in daily clinical activities.Methods:A cross-type study was carried out using a questionnaire survey. The study included 157 doctors (M-34, F-123) of 8 medical specialties working in 27 specialized medical institutions on the profile of “medical rehabilitation. The questionnaire for doctors consisted of 21 items of special questions.Results:90.45% of the surveyed doctors believed that the problem of OP is relevant for their clinical activities, 100% of the respondents indicated that the presence of OP significantly affects the rehabilitation prognosis and 95.54% - on the degree of effectiveness of medical rehabilitation. According to the respondents, patients with OP make up on average 30.0% [20.0; 50.0] (0-90) of the total flow of patients. 92.36% (145/157) of doctors indicated that they know the risk factors for OP, 98.73% (155/157) - methods for diagnosing OP, 68.79% (108/157) - methods for treating OP, 80.25 % (126/157) - methods of preventing OP, 47.13% (74/157) - what is FRAX. However, 35.01% (55/157) of the respondents considered their level of awareness of the problem sufficient for managing patients with OP. Diagnostic procedures for OP are recommended by all endocrinologists (100%) and the majority of traumatologists (72.73%), gynecologists (66.67) and cardiologists (64.28%), as well as on average half (50%) neurologists and therapists. Endocrinologists (100%), gynecologists (66.67%) and therapists (60%) are mainly involved in the treatment of OP. 32.48% (51/157) of physicians have ever referred their patients to a bone mineral density assessment.Conclusion:Conclusion. The problem of OP is relevant for the clinical activities of specialists in physical and rehabilitation medicine, and there is the need for advanced training on the problem of OP among these specialists.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.


Biofeedback ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Amy Hudson

Addiction is a devastating disease of the body, the mind, and even the personality. Recent research shows that heart rate variability biofeedback can help the alcoholic/addict recover in three crucial ways, namely (1) treating the associated comorbidities (depression, anxiety, chronic pain), (2) treating the physiology around craving, and (3) returning to a loving and nurturing relationship with one's own body instead of an abusive and exploitive one.


Author(s):  
S N Puzin ◽  
A V Grechko ◽  
I V Pryanikov ◽  
M A Shurgaya ◽  
G E Pogosyan

Modern approaches to protecting public health in the world are increasingly guided by the concept of preventable loss of health, which provides for the concentration of health efforts on the prevention of morbidity and disability. The nosological spectrum of causes of disability includes a large list of diseases, among which the leading ones are chronic non-communicable diseases, which are characterized by an epidemic type of spread. The highest level of disability is observed in connection with diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Of the total number of citizens recognized as disabled, a significant number are disabled people of the first and second groups. The significance of the disability problem is aggravated by the special demographic situation of the "aging" of the population, which is associated with the accumulation of pathology of various major body systems. Persistent dysfunctions of the body due to diseases, consequences of injuries and defects can lead to disabilities. The development of the UN international legal framework (UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, "International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health") contributed to the formation of social policy in Russia aimed at protecting the rights of persons with disabilities. Medical and social rehabilitation and habilitation of persons with disabilities is the basis of social protection of citizens with health problems. The implementation of the main directions of medical and social rehabilitation and habilitation of persons with disabilities (medical, professional social) involves the use by persons with disabilities of technical means of rehabilitation that can compensate for impaired or lost functions of the body, which helps to overcome the limitations of life and socialization of citizens with persistent health problems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Henricus (Hans) Van Dijk ◽  
Galina E. Ivanova ◽  
Reseda A. Bodrova ◽  
Lyaysyan Sh. Gumarova ◽  
Gulisa Z. Akhmetzyanova

This article gives an overview of medical rehabilitation in the Netherlands. It shows that Dutch rehabilitation is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and organized in three different levels: rehabilitation medicine, geriatric rehabilitation, and monodisciplinary therapy. The author describes these three levels in their distinctive scopes and numbers. Together they operate as a coherent rehabilitation service system that reflects an important characteristic of the system of health care in the Netherlands: decentralized if possible and centralized if necessary. The system is accessible for all and it is organized in a way that simple medical problems can be dealt with close to home, whereas specialized treatment is concentrated in rehabilitation centers spread over the country. The rehabilitation facilities are embedded in the general health care system: it is easy for hospitals as well as general practitioners to refer patients to rehabilitation. In conclusion, the possibilities of further improving the system of medical rehabilitation and the application of Dutch experience in other countries are considered.


PM&R ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 820-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Picard ◽  
Can Ozan Tan ◽  
Ross Zafonte ◽  
J. Andrew Taylor

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Olga Shchkvirina ◽  
Dinamutdin Misirov ◽  
Marina Akopyan ◽  
Irina Loseva

An indicators analysis of the first-graders functional state and vegetative homeostasis obtained in the initial period of adaptation to the educational environment revealed gender differences in the rates of the adaptation process to new learning conditions. It has been established that girls’ adaptation mechanisms turn on earlier than boys’, with their similar orientation. The article provides an experimental justification of the indicators use legitimacy for heart rate variability to assess the functional state of the body in the acute period of adaptation to the educational environment. The importance of teacher physiological literacy for the optimization of the educational process is substantiated. The results of the study are convincing evidence of the knowledge importance for the physiological foundations of the occurrence and course of physiological and mental processes, stable individual psycho-physiological characteristics for the organization of the learning environment, corresponding to the functional capabilities of the body. This argument is also confirmed by many years of experience among master students key competencies development, which allow using such an objective criterion as the current functional state of the body to ensure, through the joint efforts of parents, teachers, psychologists, and doctors, the correction of the educational environment and psycho-physiological resistance of individual to it. The established differences in the dynamics of heart rate variability indicators for girls and boys can be used to form a health-saving program in school settings.


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