Evolution of methods of state management of technical condition of vehicles in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
B.A. Kramarenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Technical Inspection ◽  
State Management ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
History Of

As you know, the new Rules for the technical inspection of vehicles have recently been approved. They should enter into force on March 1, 2021, but due to the pandemic, the dates for the start of the reform in the field of vehicle inspection were postponed. In this regard, it will probably be interesting for our readers to get acquainted with the history of state policy in the field of road safety. Keywords road traffic accident, state policy; road safety; vehicle; technical inspection rules; examination committee; State traffic inspectorate; technical diagnostics of the vehicle

scholarly journals Characteristics of Road Traffic Accident Cases Reported in a Tertiary Military Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Md Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Farzana Zafreen ◽  
Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the eighth leading cause of death globally, and the leading cause of death in Bangladesh. The road safety situation in Bangladesh has been deteriorating with increasing number of road accident deaths, largely as direct consequences of rapid growth in population, motorization, urbanization and lack of investment in road safety. Objectives: To describe the injury characteristics of road traffic accidents cases that reported at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted on all the RTA cases reported to medical inspection room CMH, Dhaka from 01 March to 30 June 2010. A total of 126 RTA victims irrespective of age and sex were included, data were collected by face to face interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Results: A total of 126 road traffic accident victims both sexes were studied. The majority of the study subjects were men 103 (81.7%) and most of them were in 31-40 years group (27%), Muslims (98.41%) were the majority. In our study regarding educational qualification of RTA victims most of them were SSC qualified (44’4%) and primary level (15.1%). Military services holder (45.2%) was the majority of road traffic crash victims. Bus/Minibus (32.5%) was responsible for the majority of road traffic crashes and motor vehicle passengers (42.9%) were main victims. Laceration & cut injury were (38.1%) and multiple injury (18.3%) were the most common injury. Main roads (49.2%) were the commonest site of the accidents.  Regarding place of occurrence main roads 62 (49.2%) was the most common site and noon 41 (32.5%) was the most common time of occurrence of accidents. Conclusion: Road traffic crashes constitute a major public health problem in our setting and contribute significantly to unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Urgent preventive measures targeting at reducing the occurrence of road traffic crashes is necessary to reduce the morbidity and mortality resulting from these injuries. Early recognition and prompt treatment of road traffic injuries is essential for optimal patient outcome. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 213-217

scholarly journals ROAD SAFETY CAMPAIGNS TO REDUCE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS FOR YOUNG ROAD USERS

ICCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
Widodo Budi Dermawan ◽  
Dewi Nusraningrum
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Road User ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Accident Data

Every year we lose many young road users in road traffic accidents. Based on traffic accident data issued by the Indonesian National Police in 2017, the number of casualties was highest in the age group 15-19, with 3,496 minor injuries, 400 seriously injured and 535 deaths. This condition is very alarming considering that student as the nation's next generation lose their future due to the accidents. This figure does not include other traffic violations, not having a driver license, not wearing a helmet, driving opposite the direction, those given ticket and verbal reprimand. To reduce traffic accident for young road user, road safety campaigns were organized in many schools in Jakarta. This activity aims to socialize the road safety program to increase road safety awareness among young road users/students including the dissemination of Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. Another purpose of this program is to accompany school administrators to set up a School Safe Zone (ZoSS), a location on particular roads in the school environment that are time-based speed zone to set the speed of the vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to promote the road safety campaigns strategies by considering various campaign tools.

scholarly journals Epidemiologic Characteristics of Patients Presenting with Head Injury due to Road Traffic Accident and Factors Associated with Outcome: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in Northern Kerala

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-046
Author(s):  
Mandaka Rajeev ◽  
Vattaparambil Shinihas ◽  
Pankaj Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of ◽  
Limited Health

Abstract Background In India, most factors related to road traffic accident (RTA) causation and outcome go improperly documented, and database regarding RTA-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) seems inadequate. Two-wheeler drivers form the largest segment of people affected by RTA. The socioeconomic and neurologic burden, imposed by TBI due to RTAs (largely preventable), is overwhelmingly significant, especially for a developing country like India. Materials and Methods Descriptive study involving patients, presenting to the casualty of Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, was performed, and various demographic features were analyzed. Usage of helmet and history of alcohol intake were also noted. Patients were evaluated according to their presenting Glasgow coma scale (GCS), investigated and either operated or managed conservatively, and their outcome was assessed with Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at 3 months. Results Bike drivers formed the single largest proportion of RTA victims (53.7%). Proportion of helmet users was 17.9%, whereas 21.9% were found with history of alcohol intake. There was a consistent trend toward a favorable outcome in patients with no alcohol intake (17.08% deaths compared with 34.07% patients with alcohol intake) and with helmet usage (14.55% compared with 22.18% in patients without helmet). However, the absolute contribution of these factors cannot be inferred. Conclusion Various factors related to RTA need evaluation for pooling and compilation of data at regional and national levels. Mandatory helmet laws and strict implementation and provision of subsidized helmets (standard, full coverage) will go a long way in reducing the burden on limited health resources.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Brake’s Performance Dependence Upon Technical Condition of Car Tires as a Factor of Road Safety Management

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Orynycz ◽  
Karol Tucki ◽  
Andrzej Wasiak ◽  
Robert Sobótka ◽  
Arkadiusz Gola
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Inspection Station ◽  
The Impact

The social cost, as one of the factors determining sustainability of socio-economic development, is strongly dependent upon a number of casualties and mortality in road accidents. The condition of car tires appears to be one of the important factors determining the occurrence of accidents. The vast majority of vehicles are tested every year at vehicle inspection stations. One of the elements affecting the result of the technical condition test and basically the quality of vehicle braking is the technical condition of the tires. Their technical condition is a very important factor responsible for the quality of acceleration, braking, maintaining, or changing the direction of driving. As a consequence, it has a significant impact on road safety. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of tires on the results of tests performed at a vehicle inspection station. The study presents the results of bench measurements of the impact of selected features of tire condition of two vehicles during routine periodic inspections at a vehicle inspection station (VIS). The focus was on an attempt to assess the impact of inflation pressure, age, and tire tread wear on the braking process. The technical studies performed might be a source for legal steps assuring better management of road safety. It can also be expected that the tire choice and condition may affect fuel consumption, and therefore the amount of energy consumed by the road transport.

scholarly journals Review of the History of Materials Used With Experience with Bone Cement Cranioplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Yam Bahadur Roka
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Cranial Defect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Ideal

Cranioplasty is the surgical repair of cranial defect or deficiency of the skull with a aim for functional and cosmetic improvement. Inorganic and organic materials have both been used for cranioplasty with the ideal cranioplasty material is yet to be made or discovered with present focus of research on molecular biology. This article does a brief review of the history of materials used and discusses the results of the use of bone cement cranioplasty (BCC) in this centre. A total of 61 cases were included in the study with the majority being males (44 cases). Road traffic accident was the most common initial cause of injury (45 cases), followed by fall (10 cases) and physical assault in the rest. On admission and based on the GCS based head injury classification the majority were in the severe head injury type (GCS<8) in 44 cases followed by moderate head injury in the rest. The majority of the decompressive craniectomy was done on the left side (32 cases) followed by right (22 cases) and bilateral in 7 cases (including single fl apbifrontal in 5 cases). In our centre as for other centres in Nepal and developing countries, bone cement remains the best, safest, cheapest choice along with autologous graft for cranioplasty.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 14, Number 1, 2017, Page: 7-13

scholarly journals An Assessment of Visual Acuity of Commercial Vehicle Drivers in Makurdi, Benue State, North-Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
C. O. Ojabo ◽  
O. S. Adeniyi ◽  
B. A. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
North Central ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Examination

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the visual acuity and the relationship between visual acuity and rate of road traffic accident (RTAs) among commercial (private and government transport companies) vehicle drivers in Makurdi, North Central Nigeria. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to each driver by face-to-face interview in four major motor parks in Makurdi metropolis. The documented information included driver’s demographic data, duration of driving, history of previous ophthalmic examination, past ophthalmic disease and history of involvement in road traffic accident. Participants were taken through a comprehensive eye examination. Results: One hundred and twenty-two (122) male commercial vehicle drivers were enrolled for this study with a mean age of 33.8 + 0.81 years. 98.4% (n=120) of the drivers had normal visual acuity in both eyes. Analysis showed that there was no correlation between visual acuity of the drivers and the number of road traffic accident. Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment in this study was low. The result also showed that there is no relationship between visual acuity and road traffic accident. Majority of the drivers in this study never had any eye test done before obtaining their driving license.

scholarly journals Specifics of road safety inspection in tunnels

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Emir Smailovic ◽  
Boris Antić ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Slaviš Beronja
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Road Tunnels

Tunnels are underground passages, placed horizontally, which serve to lead the road through them. In order to fulfill its purpose in road traffic, the tunnel must fit into the traffic infrastructure and as such not create an obstacle in movement and enable the movement of vehicles from entrance to exit without danger, but with increased restriction of freedom of lateral evacuation. Tunnels are among some of the most risky parts of the road network, primarily due to space constraints, where there is a possibility of a traffic accident. Managing the risks associated with the passage of road traffic, and in particular the safety of traffic in tunnels, is a serious problem in many countries. With the growing number of road users, it is necessary to adopt stricter standards regarding road tunnels. In addition to meeting these safety standards, factors such as operational requirements, economic efficiency, energy efficiency and state-of-the-art technology should also be taken into account when planning and equipping tunnels.

scholarly journals The Tasks of Forensic Vehicle Inspections

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
N. N. Il’in
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Literature Synthesis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Communication Lines ◽  
Expert Practice

Theoretical provisions concerning the subject of forensic vehicle inspections, their objects and tasks, investigatory techniques are still not developed in forensic and expert literature. Based on a review of investigative and expert practice, professional literature, synthesis of scientific opinions a classification is offered for diagnostic tasks of forensic vehicle inspections to establish: technical condition of vehicles; trajectory and characteristics of their movement; conditions of transport communication lines; reasons, mechanism and circumstances of a road traffic accident; the circumstances preceding a road traffic accident as well as related to assessment of actions of the workers responsible for service and repair of a vehicle to ascertain a possibility to prevent an accident. Situational tasks are given special consideration.

scholarly journals Drugged driving in South Africa: An urgent need for review and reform

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Jade Liebenberg ◽  
Lorraine Du Toit-Prinsloo ◽  
Gert Saayman ◽  
Vanessa Steenkamp
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Drugged Driving ◽  
National Road

  Driving under the influence is a major threat to road safety in South Africa. Various psychoactive substances (both licit and illicit) have the potential to adversely affect driving performance and increase the probability of a road traffic accident. While it is common practice in South Africa to test drivers for alcohol levels, testing for additional impairing substances (including drugs of abuse) is rarely performed. In terms of current South African legislation, only driving under the influence of alcohol and a ‘drug having a “narcotic” effect’ is prohibited. This excludes several impairing psychoactive drugs which are not classified as narcotic substances. The aim of this article is to highlight issues and/or limitations surrounding drugged driving and to propose appropriate considerations for revision of the National Road Traffic Act. We also recommend revising existing legislation to include a comprehensive statutory definition and detailed provisions for drug testing to deter impaired driving.

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